NAME
globus-rls-server - Replica Location Server
SYNOPSIS
globus-rls-server [ -B update_bf_int ] [ -b maxbackoff ] [ -C
rlscertfile ] [ -c conffile ] [ -d ] [ -e rli_expire_int ] [ -F
update_factor ] [ -f maxfreethreads ] [ -I true|false [ -i idletimeout
] [ -K rlskeyfile ] [ -L loglevel ] [ -l true|false ] [ -M
maxconnections ] [ -m maxthreads ] [ -N ] [ -o update_buftime ] [ -p
pidfiledir ] [ -r true|false ] [ -S rli_expire_stale ] [ -s
startthreads ] [ -t timeout ] [ -U myurl ] [ -u update_ll_int ] [ -v ]
DESCRIPTION
The RLS server globus-rls-server supports both a Location Replica
Catalog (LRC) server, which manages Logical FileName (LFN) to Physical
FileName (PFN) mappings in a database, and a Replica Location Index
(RLI) server, which manages mappings of LFNs to LRC servers. globus-
rls-server may be configured as either an LRC or RLI server, or both.
Both LRCs and RLIs may be configured to send updates to other RLIs
(using globus-rls-admin(8)).
Clients wishing to locate 1 or more physical filenames associated with
a logical filename may first contact an RLI server, which will return a
list of LRCs that may know about the LFN. The LRC servers are then
contacted in turn to find the physical filenames. Note that RLI
information may be out of date, so clients should be prepared to get a
negative response when contacting an LRC (or no response at all if the
LRC server is unavailable).
globus-rls-server uses syslog(3) to log errors and other information
(facility LOG_DAEMON) when it’s running in normal (daemon) mode. If
the -d option (debug) is specified then log messages are written to
stdout.
LRC to RLI Updates
Two methods exist for LRC or RLI servers to inform RLI servers of their
LFNs. By default the list of LFNs are sent from the source to the RLI.
This can be time consuming if the number of LFNs is large, but does
give the RLI an exact list of the LFNs known to the LRC. This allows
wildcard searching of the RLI. Alternatively Bloom filters may be
sent, which are highly compressed summaries of the LFNs, however they
do not allow wildcard searching, and they will generate more "false
positives" when querying an RLI. Please see below for more on Bloom
filters. The program globus-rls-admin(8) can be used to manage the
list of RLIs that an LRC or RLI server sends updates to, this includes
partitioning LFNs amongst multiple RLI servers.
A softstate algorithm is used for updates, periodically the source
server sends its state (LFN information) to the RLI servers it updates.
The RLI servers add these LFNs to their index, or update a timestamp if
the LFNs were already known. RLI servers expire information about
LFN,LRC mappings if they haven’t been updated for a period longer than
the softstate update interval.
Options that can be configured to control the softstate algorithm when
a source server updates an RLI by sending LFNs are include:
rli_expire_int (seconds)
How often an RLI server will check for stale entries in its
database.
rli_expire_stale (seconds)
How old an entry must be in an RLI database before it’s
considered stale. This value should be no smaller than
update_ll_int. Note if the LRC server is responding this value
is not used, instead the value of update_ll_int or update_bf_int
is retrieved from the LRC server, multiplied by 1.2, and used as
the value for rli_expire_stale.
update_bf_int seconds
Interval between RLI updates when using Bloom filters.
update_ll_int (seconds)
Interval between RLI updates when using LFN lists for softstate
updates.
Updates to an LRC (new LFNs or deleted LFNs) normally don’t propagate
to RLI servers until the next softstate update (controlled by
update_ll_int and update_bf_int). However by enabling "immediate
update" mode an LRC will send updates to an RLI within update_buftime
seconds. Immedate updates are enabled by setting update_immediate to
true. If updates are done with LFN lists then only the LFNs that have
been added or deleted to the source server are sent, if Bloom filters
are used then the entire Bloom filter is sent.
When immediate updates are enabled the interval between softstate
updates is multiplied by update_factor as long as no updates have
failed (source and RLI are considered to be in sync). This can greatly
reduce the number of softstate updates a source needs to send to an
RLI. Incremental updates are buffered by the source server until
either 100 udpates have accumulated (when LFN lists are used), or
update_buftime seconds have passed since the last update.
A Bloom filter is an array of bits. Each LFN is hashed multiple times
and the corresponding bits in the Bloom filter are set. Querying an
RLI to verify if an LFN exists is done by performing the same hashes,
and checking if the bits in the filter are on. If not then the LFN is
known not to exist, however if they’re all on then all that’s known is
that the LFN probably exists. The size of the Bloom filter (as a
multiple of the number of LFNs) and the number of hash functions,
control the false positive rate. The default values of 10 and 3 give a
false positive rate of approximately 1%. The advantage of Bloom
filters is their efficiency. For example, if the LRC has 1,000,000
LFNs in its database, of average length 20 bytes, then 20,000,000 bytes
must be sent to an RLI during a softstate update (assuming no
partitioning). The RLI server must perform 1,000,000 updates to its
database to create new LFN,LRC mappings, or update timestamps on
existing entries. With Bloom filters only 1,250,000 bytes are sent (10
x 1,000,000 bits / 8), and there are no database operations on the RLI
(Bloom filters are maintained entirely in memory). A comparison of the
time to perform a 1,000,000 LFN update took 20 minutes sending all the
LFNs, and less than 1 second using a Bloom filter. However as noted
before wild card searches of an RLI are not supported with Bloom
filters.
The options that control Bloom filter updates are:
rli_bloomfilter true|false
RLI servers must have this set to accept Bloom filter updates.
rli_bloomfilter_dir none|default|pathname
Bloom filters saved in this directory and read at start time if
not "none". See CONFIGURATION for details.
lrc_bloomfilter_numhash N
Number of hash functions, an integer from 1 to 8. The default
is 3.
lrc_bloomfilter_ratio N
Size of the Bloom filter as a multiple of the number of LFNs in
the LRC database. Too small a value will generate too many
false positives, too large wastes memory and network bandwidth.
Note an LRC server can update some RLIs with Bloom filters, and others
with LFNs. However an RLI server can only be updated using one method,
and an RLI acting as a source for updates can only send the type of
updates that it receives.
OPTIONS
-b maxbackoff
Maximum time, in seconds, that globus-rls-server will attempt to
reopen the socket it listens on after an I/O error.
-C rlscertfile
Name of X.509 certificate file that identifies the server, sets
environment variable X509_USER_CERT.
-c conffile
Name of configuration file for server. The default is
$GLOBUS_LOCATION/etc/globus-rls-server.conf if the environment
variable GLOBUS_LOCATION is set, else /etc/globus-rls-
server.conf.
-d Enable debugging. Server will not detach from controlling
terminal and log messages will be written to stdout rather than
syslog. For additional logging verbosity set loglevel (see -L
option) to higher values.
-e rli_expire_int
Interval (seconds) at which an RLI server should expire stale
entries.
-F update_factor
If update_immediate mode is on, and the source server is in sync
with an RLI server (an LRC and RLI are synced if there have been
no failed updates since the last full softstate update), then
the interval between RLI updates for this server ( update_ll_int
) is multipled by update_factor.
-f maxfreethreads
Maximum number of idle threads server will leave running.
Excess threads are terminated.
-I true|false
Turns LRC to RLI immediate update mode on or off. Default is
false.
-i idletimeout
Seconds after which idle client connections are timed out.
-K rlskeyfile
Name of X.509 key file. Sets environment variable
X509_USER_KEY.
-L loglevel
Sets log level. By default this is 0, which means only errors
will be logged. Higher values mean more verbose logging. Level
1 causes logging of major events (eg start of full softstate
update), 2 includes medium level events (eg writing pending
updates to an RLI), 3 enables all tracing. Level 4 includes all
the SQL commands executed by the server.
-l true|false
Configure whether server is an LRC server. Default is false.
-M maxconnections
Maximum number of active connections. Should be small enough to
prevent server from running out of open file descriptors.
Default is 100.
-m maxthreads
Maximum number of threads server will start up to support
simultaneous requests.
-N Disable authentication checking. Intended for debugging.
Clients should use the URL RLSN://host to disable authentication
on the client side.
-o update_buftime
Softstate updates are buffered until either the buffer is full
or this much time has elapsed since the last update. Default is
30 seconds.
-p pidfiledir
Directory where pid file should be written.
-r Configure whether server is an RLI server. Default is false.
-S rli_expire_stale
Interval after which entries in the RLI database are considered
stale (presumably because they were deleted in the LRC). Stale
entries are not returned in queries.
-s startthreads
Number of threads to start up initially.
-t timeout
Timeout (in seconds) for calls to other RLS servers (eg for LRC
calls to send an update to an RLI). A value of 0 disables
timeouts. The default is 30 seconds.
-U myurl
URL for this server.
-u update_ll_int
Interval (in seconds) between lfn-list LRC to RLI updates.
-v Show version and exit.
SIGNALS
The server will reread its configuration file if it receives a HUP
signal. It will wait for all current requests to complete and shut
down cleanly if sent a INT, QUIT or TERM signal.
CONFIGURATION
If the configuration file is not specified on the command line (see the
-c option) then it’s looked for in $GLOBUS_LOCATION/etc/globus-rls-
server.conf, or /etc/globus-rls-server.conf if GLOBUS_LOCATION is not
set.
Most command line options may also be set in the configuration file,
however command line options always override items found in the
configuration file. The configuration file is a sequence of lines
consisting of a keyword, whitespace, and a value. Comments begin with
a # and end with a newline.
acl user: permission [permission]
user is a regular expression matching distinguished names (or
local usernames if a gridmap file is used) of users allowed to
make calls to the server. Permission is one or more of
lrc_read, lrc_update, rli_read, rli_update, admin, stats, and
all. There may be multiple acl entries, the first match found
is used to determine a user’s privileges. The admin privilege
is necessary to update an LRC’s list of RLIs to send updates to.
The stats privilege allows a client to read performance
statistics.
A gridmap file may also be used to map DNs to local usernames,
which in turn are matched against the regular expressions in the
acl list to determine the user’s permissions.
acl entries may be a combination of DNs and local usernames. If
a DN is not found in the gridmap file then it is used to search
the acl list.
authentication true|false
Enable or disable GSI authentication. The default is true. If
authentication is enabled clients should use the URL schema
"rls:" to connect to the server, if disabled "rlsn:".
db_pwd password
Password to use to connect to MYSQL server, default is
changethis.
db_user databaseuser
Username to use to connect to MYSQL server, default is dbperson.
idletimeout seconds
Seconds after which idle connections closed, default is 900.
loglevel N
Sets loglevel to N (default is 0). Higher levels mean more
verbosity.
lrc_bloomfilter_numhash N
Number of hash functions to use in Bloom filters. The default
is 3. Possible values are 1 to 8. This value, in conjunction
with lrc_bloomfilter_ratio, will determine the number of false
positives that may be expected when querying an RLI that is
updated via Bloom filters. The default values of 3 and 10 give
a false positive rate of approximately 1%.
lrc_bloomfilter_ratio N
Sets ratio of bloom filter size (in bits) to number of LFNs in
the LRC catalog. Only meaningful if Bloom filters are used to
update an RLI. The default is 10.
lrc_dbname
Name of LRC database, default is lrcdb.
lrc_server true|false
True if LRC server, default is false.
maxbackoff seconds
Max seconds to wait before retrying listen in the event of an
I/O error, default is 300.
maxfreethreads N
Maximum number of idle threads, excess threads are killed.
Default is 5.
maxconnections N
Maximum number of simultaneous connections. Default is 100.
maxthreads N
Maximum number of threads running at one time, default is 30.
myurl URL
URL of server. Default is rls://<hostname>:port
odbcini filename
Sets environment variable ODBCINI. If not specified, and
ODBCINI is not already set, then defaults to
$GLOBUS_LOCATION/var/odbc.ini.
pidfiledir directory
Directory where pid file should be written, default is /var/run.
port N Port server listens on, default is 39281.
result_limit limit
Sets the maximum number of results returned by a query. If a
query request includes a limit greater than this value an error
(GLOBUS_RLS_BADARG) is returned. If the query request has no
limit specified then at most result_limit records are returned
by a query. A value of zero means no limit, this is the
default.
rli_bloomfilter true|false
If true then only Bloom filter updates are accepted from source
servers, otherwise full LFN lists are accepted. Note if Bloom
filters are enabled then the RLI does not support wildcarded
queries.
rli_bloomfilter_dir none|default|pathname
If an RLI is configured to accept bloom filters (rli_bloomfilter
true) then bloom filters may be saved to this directory after
updates. This directory is scanned when an RLI server starts up
and is used to initialize Bloom filters for each LRC that
updated the RLI. This option is useful when it is desired that
the RLI recover its data immediately after a restart rather than
wait for LRCs to send another update. If the LRCs are updating
frequently this option is unnecessary, and may be wasteful in
that each Bloom filter is written to disk after each update.
If rli_bloomfilter_dir is set to the string "none" then Bloom
filters are not saved to disk, this is the default. If
"default" then the default directory is used, which is
$GLOBUS_LOCATION/var/rls-bloomfilters if GLOBUS_LOCATION is set,
else /tmp/rls-bloomfilters. Any other string is used as the
directory name unchanged. The Bloom filter files in this
directory have the name of the URL of the LRC that sent the
Bloom filter, with slashes (/) changed to percent signs (%), and
".bf" appended.
rli_dbname database
Name of RLI database, default is rlidb.
rli_expire_int seconds
Interval between RLI expirations of stale entries. Default is
28800 seconds.
rli_expire_stale seconds
Interval after which entries in the RLI database are considered
stale (presumably because they were deleted in the LRC).
Default is 86400 seconds. Stale RLI entries are not returned in
queries.
rli_server true|false
True if RLI server, default is false.
rlscertfile filename
Name of X.509 certificate file identifying server, set by
setting environment variable X509_USER_CERT.
rlskeyfile
Name of X.509 key file for server, set by setting environment
variable X509_USER_KEY.
startthreads N
Number of threads to start initially, default is 3.
timeout seconds
Timeout (in seconds) for calls to other RLS servers (eg for LRC
calls to send an update to an RLI).
update_bf_int seconds
Interval between RLI updates when the RLI is updated by Bloom
filters. The default is 900 seconds.
update_buftime N
RLI updates are buffered until either the buffer is full or this
much time has elapsed since the last update. Default is 30
seconds.
update_factor N
If update_immediate mode is on, and the source server is in sync
with an RLI server (a source and RLI are synced if there have
been no failed updates since the last full softstate update),
then the interval between RLI updates for this server (
update_ll_int ) is multipled by update_factor.
update_immediate true|false
Turn LRC to RLI immediate mode updates on or off. Default is
false.
update_ll_int seconds
Seconds between lfn-list softstate updates, default is 86400
seconds.
update_retry seconds
Seconds to wait before a source server will retry to connect to
an RLI server that it needs to update. Default is 300.
FILES
$GLOBUS_LOCATION/etc/globus-rls-server.conf
Default configuration file.
24 Feb 02 globus-rls-server(8)