Man Linux: Main Page and Category List

NAME

       bos_salvage - Restores internal consistency to a file system or volume

SYNOPSIS

       bos salvage -server <machine name>
           [-partition <salvage partition>]
           [-volume <salvage volume number or volume name>]
           [-file <salvage log output file>] [-all] [-showlog]
           [-parallel <# of max parallel partition salvaging>]
           [-tmpdir <directory to place tmp files>]
           [-orphans (ignore | remove | attach)] [-cell <cell name>]
           [-noauth] [-localauth] [-help]

       bos sa -se <machine name> [-part <salvage partition>]
           [-v <salvage volume number or volume name>]
           [-f <salvage log output file>] [-a] [-sh]
           [<-para> <# of max parallel partition salvaging>]
           [-t <directory to place tmp files>]
           [-o (ignore | remove | attach)] [-c <cell name>] [-n]
           [-l] [-h]

DESCRIPTION

       The bos salvage command salvages (restores internal consistency to) one
       or more volumes on the file server machine named by the -server
       argument. When processing one or more partitions, the command restores
       consistency to corrupted read/write volumes where possible. For read-
       only or backup volumes, it inspects only the volume header:

       ·   If the volume header is corrupted, the Salvager removes the volume
           completely and records the removal in its log file,
           /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog. Issue the vos release or vos backup
           command to create the read-only or backup volume again.

       ·   If the volume header is intact, the Salvager skips the volume (does
           not check for corruption in the contents). However, if the File
           Server notices corruption as it initializes, it sometimes refuses
           to attach the volume or bring it online. In this case, it is
           simplest to remove the volume by issuing the vos remove or vos zap
           command. Then issue the vos release or vos backup command to create
           it again.

       Use the indicated arguments to salvage a specific number of volumes:

       ·   To process all volumes on a file server machine, provide the
           -server argument and the -all flag. No volumes on the machine are
           accessible to Cache Managers during the salvage operation, because
           the BOS Server stops the File Server and Volume Server processes
           while the Salvager runs. The BOS Server automatically restarts them
           when the operation completes.

       ·   To process all volumes on one partition, provide the -server and
           -partition arguments. As for a salvage of the entire machine, no
           volumes on the machine are accessible to Cache Managers during the
           salvage operation. The BOS Server automatically restarts the File
           Server and Volume Server when the operation completes.

       ·   To salvage only one read/write volume, combine the -server,
           -partition, and -volume arguments. Only that volume is inaccessible
           to Cache Managers, because the BOS Server does not shutdown the
           File Server and Volume Server processes during the salvage of a
           single volume. Do not name a read-only or backup volume with the
           -volume argument. Instead, remove the volume, using the vos remove
           or vos zap command. Then create a new copy of the volume with the
           vos release or vos backup command.

       During the salvage of an entire machine or partition, the bos status
       command reports the "fs" process’s auxiliary status as "Salvaging file
       system".

       The Salvager always writes a trace to the /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog
       file on the file server machine where it runs. To record the trace in
       another file as well (either in AFS or on the local disk of the machine
       where the bos salvage command is issued), name the file with the -file
       argument. To display the trace on the standard output stream as it is
       written to the /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog file, include the -showlog
       flag.

       By default, multiple Salvager subprocesses run in parallel: one for
       each partition up to four, and four subprocesses for four or more
       partitions. To increase or decrease the number of subprocesses running
       in parallel, provide a positive integer value for the -parallel
       argument.

       If there is more than one server partition on a physical disk, the
       Salvager by default salvages them serially to avoid the inefficiency of
       constantly moving the disk head from one partition to another. However,
       this strategy is often not ideal if the partitions are configured as
       logical volumes that span multiple disks. To force the Salvager to
       salvage logical volumes in parallel, provide the string "all" as the
       value for the -parallel argument. Provide a positive integer to specify
       the number of subprocesses to run in parallel (for example, "-parallel
       5all" for five subprocesses), or omit the integer to run up to four
       subprocesses, depending on the number of logical volumes being
       salvaged.

       The Salvager creates temporary files as it runs, by default writing
       them to the partition it is salvaging. The number of files can be quite
       large, and if the partition is too full to accommodate them, the
       Salvager terminates without completing the salvage operation (it always
       removes the temporary files before exiting). Other Salvager
       subprocesses running at the same time continue until they finish
       salvaging all other partitions where there is enough disk space for
       temporary files. To complete the interrupted salvage, reissue the
       command against the appropriate partitions, adding the -tmpdir argument
       to redirect the temporary files to a local disk directory that has
       enough space.

       The -orphans argument controls how the Salvager handles orphaned files
       and directories that it finds on server partitions it is salvaging. An
       orphaned element is completely inaccessible because it is not
       referenced by the vnode of any directory that can act as its parent (is
       higher in the filespace). Orphaned objects occupy space on the server
       partition, but do not count against the volume’s quota.

CAUTIONS

       Running this command can result in data loss if the Salvager process
       can repair corruption only by removing the offending data. Consult the
       IBM AFS Administration Guide for more information.

OPTIONS

       -server <machine name>
           Indicates the file server machine on which to salvage volumes.
           Identify the machine by IP address or its host name (either fully-
           qualified or abbreviated unambiguously). For details, see bos(8).

       -partition <salvage partition>
           Specifies a single partition on which to salvage all volumes.
           Provide the complete partition name (for example /vicepa) or one of
           the following abbreviated forms:

              /vicepa     =     vicepa      =      a      =      0
              /vicepb     =     vicepb      =      b      =      1

           After /vicepz (for which the index is 25) comes

              /vicepaa    =     vicepaa     =      aa     =      26
              /vicepab    =     vicepab     =      ab     =      27

           and so on through

              /vicepiv    =     vicepiv     =      iv     =      255

       -volume <salvage volume id or name>
           Specifies the name or volume ID number of a read/write volume to
           salvage. The -partition argument must be provided along with this
           one.

       -file <salvage log output file>
           Specifies the complete pathname of a file into which to write a
           trace of the salvage operation, in addition to the
           /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog file on the server machine. If the file
           pathname is local, the trace is written to the specified file on
           the local disk of the machine where the bos salvage command is
           issued. If the -volume argument is included, the file can be in
           AFS, though not in the volume being salvaged. Do not combine this
           argument with the -showlog flag.

       -all
           Salvages all volumes on all of the partitions on the machine named
           by the -server argument.

       -showlog
           Displays the trace of the salvage operation on the standard output
           stream, as well as writing it to the /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog
           file.  Do not combine this flag with the -file argument.

       -parallel <# of max parallel partition salvaging>
           Specifies the maximum number of Salvager subprocesses to run in
           parallel. Provide one of three values:

           ·   An integer from the range 1 to 32. A value of 1 means that a
               single Salvager process salvages the partitions sequentially.

           ·   The string "all" to run up to four Salvager subprocesses in
               parallel on partitions formatted as logical volumes that span
               multiple physical disks. Use this value only with such logical
               volumes.

           ·   The string all followed immediately (with no intervening space)
               by an integer from the range 1 to 32, to run the specified
               number of Salvager subprocesses in parallel on partitions
               formatted as logical volumes. Use this value only with such
               logical volumes.

           The BOS Server never starts more Salvager subprocesses than there
           are partitions, and always starts only one process to salvage a
           single volume. If this argument is omitted, up to four Salvager
           subprocesses run in parallel.

       -tmpdir <directory to place tmp files>
           Specifies the full pathname of a local disk directory to which the
           Salvager process writes temporary files as it runs. If this
           argument is omitted, or specifies an ineligible or nonexistent
           directory, the Salvager process writes the files to the partition
           it is currently salvaging.

       -orphans (ignore | remove | attach)
           Controls how the Salvager handles orphaned files and directories.
           Choose one of the following three values:

           ignore
               Leaves the orphaned objects on the disk, but prints a message
               to the /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog file reporting how many
               orphans were found and the approximate number of kilobytes they
               are consuming. This is the default if the -orphans argument is
               omitted.

           remove
               Removes the orphaned objects, and prints a message to the
               /var/log/openafs/SalvageLog file reporting how many orphans
               were removed and the approximate number of kilobytes they were
               consuming.

           attach
               Attaches the orphaned objects by creating a reference to them
               in the vnode of the volume’s root directory. Since each
               object’s actual name is now lost, the Salvager assigns each one
               a name of the following form:

               ·   "__ORPHANFILE__.index" for files.

               ·   "__ORPHANDIR__.index" for directories.

               where index is a two-digit number that uniquely identifies each
               object. The orphans are charged against the volume’s quota and
               appear in the output of the ls command issued against the
               volume’s root directory.

       -cell <cell name>
           Names the cell in which to run the command. Do not combine this
           argument with the -localauth flag. For more details, see bos(8).

       -noauth
           Assigns the unprivileged identity "anonymous" to the issuer. Do not
           combine this flag with the -localauth flag. For more details, see
           bos(8).

       -localauth
           Constructs a server ticket using a key from the local
           /etc/openafs/server/KeyFile file. The bos command interpreter
           presents the ticket to the BOS Server during mutual authentication.
           Do not combine this flag with the -cell or -noauth options. For
           more details, see bos(8).

       -help
           Prints the online help for this command. All other valid options
           are ignored.

EXAMPLES

       The following command salvages all volumes on the /vicepd partition of
       the machine "db3.abc.com":

          % bos salvage -server db3.abc.com -partition /vicepd

       The following command salvages the volume with volume ID number
       536870988 on partition /vicepb of the machine "fs2.abc.com":

          % bos salvage -server fs2.abc.com -partition /vicepb -volume 536870988

       The following command salvages all volumes on the machine
       "fs4.abc.com". Six Salvager processes run in parallel rather than the
       default four.

          % bos salvage -server fs4.abc.com -all -parallel 6

PRIVILEGE REQUIRED

       The issuer must be listed in the /etc/openafs/server/UserList file on
       the machine named by the -server argument, or must be logged onto a
       server machine as the local superuser "root" if the -localauth flag is
       included.

SEE ALSO

       KeyFile(5), SalvageLog(5), UserList(5), bos(8), salvager(8),
       vos_backup(1), vos_release(1), vos_remove(1), vos_zap(1)

       IBM AFS Administration Guide

COPYRIGHT

       IBM Corporation 2000. <http://www.ibm.com/> All Rights Reserved.

       This documentation is covered by the IBM Public License Version 1.0.
       It was converted from HTML to POD by software written by Chas Williams
       and Russ Allbery, based on work by Alf Wachsmann and Elizabeth Cassell.