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NAME

       rltraceroute6 - IPv6 traceroute tool

       tcptraceroute6 - TCP/IPv6 traceroute tool

SYNOPSIS

       traceroute6  [-AdEILlnrSU]  [-f  min_hop]  [-g  hop]  [  -i  iface] [-m
       max_hop] [-p port] [-q attempts] [ -s source] [-t tclass] [-w wait] [-z
       delay_ms] < hostname/address> [packet length]

       tcptraceroute6  [-AdEnrS]  [-f  min_hop]  [-g  hop]  [  -i  iface]  [-l
       packet_size] [-m max_hop] [-p port] [  -q  attempts]  [-s  source]  [-t
       tclass] [-w wait] [ -z delay_ms] < hostname/address> [port]

DESCRIPTON

       rltraceroute6 is an IPv6 traceroute implementation.

       It  displays the list of hops along the network route between the local
       system and specified destination, by sending packets while incrementing
       their hop limit, until the final destination is reached.

       By   default,   rltraceroute6   sends  UDP  probe  packets  toward  the
       destination (that’s the historical default).  However, it can also send
       TCP  packets,  much  like Michael C. Toren’s tcptraceroute does on IPv4
       networks; tcptraceroute6 sends  TCP  packets  by  default  (and  mimics
       tcptraceroute  command  line syntax).  Finally, it can also send ICMPv6
       Echo Request packets, like some other traceroute implementations  (such
       as the one in Microsoft Windows); tracert6 does this by default.

       You  must  specify  the  name  or  address of the host toward which the
       network route should be determined. An  optional  additional  parameter
       specifies  either  the probe packets length (for UDP and ICMP packets),
       or the destination port number/service name (for TCP packets).

       Note that TCP destination port zero  really  is  TCP  port  numbered  0
       (which  cannot  be used via the standard higer-level TCP/IP programming
       interface).

OPTIONS

       -A     Send  TCP/ACK  probe  packets.  That’s  very  efficient  against
              stateless  firewalls (e.g. the official Linux kernel versions up
              to and  including  2.4.31  and  2.6.14),  and  utterly  helpless
              against   stateful   ones.  Note  that  TCP/ACK  probing  cannot
              determine whether the destination TCP port is open or not.

       -d     Enable  socket  debugging  option  (SO_DEBUG).  Unless  you  are
              debugging  the  kernel,  this  is probably not going to have any
              actual effect.

       -E     Send ECN-setup TCP/SYN probe packets (as per  RFC  3168)  rather
              than  non-ECN-setup  TCP/SYN  probe  packets. This has no effect
              unless command line optin -S is specified as well.

       -F     This option is ignored for backward compatibility.  IPv6 packets
              are never fragmented en route.

       -f     Override the initial IPv6 packets hop limit (default: 1).

       -g     Add  an  IPv6 route segment within an IPv6 Routing Header.  This
              enables loose source routing.  Currently, only "Type 0"  routing
              header is supported.

       -h     Display some help and exit.

       -I  (rltraceroute6 only)
              Send ICMPv6 Echo requests (like ping6) as probe packets.  That’s
              the default for tracert6.

       -i     Only send packets through the  specified  interface.   See  also
              BUGS.

       -I  (rltraceroute6 only)
              Send   UDP-Lite  (protocol  136)  packets  (with  full  checksum
              coverage) as probe packets instead of normal UDP (protocol  17).

       -l (rltraceroute6 only)
              Print the hop limit of received packets.  This is mostly used to
              detect asymmetric routing.

       -l (tcptraceroute6 only)
              Specify the size (bytes) of sent packets.

       -m     Override the maximum hop limit (maximum number  of  hops).   The
              default  is  30  hops  which  should  be  sufficient on the IPv6
              Internet for some time.

       -N     Try to resolve each hop’s IPv6 address to a host name.  This  is
              the  default.   This  option is meant for backward compatibility
              with tcptraceroute(8).

       -n     Do not try to resolve each hop’s IPv6 address to  a  host  name.
              That may speed up the traceroute significantly.

       -p     For  rltraceroute6,  specify  the  base  destination port number
              (default: 33434).  rltraceroute6  assumes  that  packets  toward
              this  port up to this port plus the maximum hop limit are not in
              use by any program on the final destination and  that  they  are
              not blocked by some firewall. The fact that this very assumption
              was not always correct, eventually lead to  the  development  of
              the original IPv4 tcptraceroute by Michael Toren.

              For  tcptraceroute6,  specify  the  source port number (default:
              auto).  Note that source port number zero  really  means  number
              zero,  rather  than some port number that would be automatically
              assigned, as is the case with usual softwares.

       -q     Override the number of probes sent to each hop (default: 3).

       -r     Do not route packets, i.e. do not send packets through a gateway
              that would be specified by the routing table.  See also BUGS.

       -S     Use    TCP/SYN   probe   packets.   That’s   the   default   for
              tcptraceroute6.

       -s     Specify the source address to use for probe packets  explicitly.

       -S     Use UDP probe packets. That’s the default for rltraceroute6.

       -t     Specify  the  traffic  class (DSCP) for probe packets.  See also
              BUGS.

       -U  (rltraceroute6 only)
              Send UDP probe packets. That’s the default.

       -V     Display program version and license and exit.

       -w     Override the delay (in seconds) to  wait  for  response  once  a
              given probe packet was sent (default: 5 seconds).

       -x     This   option  is  ignored  for  seamless  migration  from  IPv4
              traceroute.  The IPv6 header has no checksum field.

       -z     Specify a milliseconds delay to wait  between  each  probe  with
              identical  hop  limit.  This can be useful to work-around ICMPv6
              rate limitation on some hosts.

DIAGNOSTICS

       If a  response  is  received,  the  round-trip  time  is  printed.   In
       addition, specific symbols denote certain errors:

       *   No response
              No  valid  response  received  before  the timeout delay (see -w
              option).

       !N  No route to destination
              There is no entry for the destination  network  in  the  routing
              table.

       !A  Communication with destination administratively prohibited
              A firewall explicitly rejected the traffic.

       !S  Beyond scope of source address
              The  address  scope  of the source address is too small to reach
              the destination address. At the time of writing, this  can  only
              happen  when using a link-local source address to reach a global
              scope destination.  (Note: some IPv4 traceroute  implementations
              use !S for source route error which is completely different)

       !H  Address unreachable
              The  host  address  is  not  reachable  for  some other reasons,
              particularly  a  link-layer  failure  (e.g.  Neighbor  discovery
              failure).

       !P  Unrecognized Next Header type encountered
              The  destination  does  not implement the layer-4 protocol used.
              You should retry with ICMPv6  Echo  Requests  (-I  command  line
              option) which MUST be supported by any IPv6 node.

SECURITY

       rltraceroute6  should  be  setuid  root  to allow use by non privileged
       users. It will drop its root privileges before any attempt is  made  to
       send  or  receive  data  from  the network so as to reduce the possible
       impact of a security vulnerability.

BUGS

       However useful they might be, -i and -r  options  are  ignored  by  the
       official Linux kernel at the time of writing this manpage, and hence do
       not work as documented.

       Support for option -t was broken until Linux kernel version 2.6.18.

       Usage of Routing Header, with option -g,  triggers  an  OOPS  on  Linux
       kernel versions below 2.6.17.12.

       Receiving  TCP/SYN-ACK  packets  does not work on FreeBSD at all.  This
       severely limits the usefulness of tcptraceroute6 on FreeBSD.

       Packet length takes the IPv6 header and, if present, extension  headers
       into  account.   rltraceroute6  versions  before  0.7.4 used it as IPv6
       payload length instead, i.e. did not include the layer-3 headers in the
       computation.   Linux  iputils traceroute6 does not even include the UDP
       header.  On the whole, the packet length semantic is very  inconsistent
       among IPv6 traceroute implementations.

SEE ALSO

       ipv6(7), traceroute(8), tcptraceroute(8), traceroute6(8)

AUTHOR

       Rémi Denis-Courmont <rdenis at simphalempin.com>

       $Id: rltraceroute6.8 483 2007-08-08 15:09:36Z remi $

       http://www.remlab.net/ndisc6/

traceroute6  $Date: 2007-08-08 18:09:36 +0300 (Wed, 08 Aug 2007)TRACEROUTE6(8)