NAME
olvwmrc - Resource file for the OPEN LOOK Virtual Window Manager
SYNOPSIS
$HOME/.olvwmrc
DESCRIPTION
.olvwmrc is a file which controls advanced keybinding and menu
features for the OPEN LOOK Window Manager olvwm. Four features of
olvwm are controlled by entries in this file:
Local Variables
which can be used in key or screen bindings
Key Bindings
which can map specific actions to function keys
Screen Bindings
which can control where certain applications are started
WINMENU
entries which can control the behavior of items selected from
the olvwm WINMENU menu.
The syntax for each of these entries is given below. Common to all
syntax entries is the notion of an ‘‘identifier’’: this is a string
which somehow specifies which window(s) the given entry applies to.
When determining if a particular window is affected by a particular
rule in .olvwmrc, olvwm first checks a window’s WM_NAME to see if it
matches the identifier listed in the rule. This match is done only for
the length of the identifier, so that the identifier Mail will match
all windows which begin with the 4 letters Mail in their WM_NAME. If
this does not match, olvwm next checks the instance and then the class
fields of the window’s WM_CLASS attribute to check for a possible
match. If a match is found for any of these fields, the window is
affected by the given rule. Case is significant in checking all
matches.
Identifiers may contain any alpha-numeric characters; any other
characters must be enclosed within quotes (single or double). Thus,
Mail is a valid identifier, as is "Mail Tool" but Mail Tool is not.
Similarly, strings which are to be executed should be enclosed in
quotes if they contain non alpha-numeric characters. Quotes may be
nested in strings, so that to start a clock with the label foo bar, you
would specify clock -label "foo bar". Finally, single quotes may be
escaped with a backslash, so that the full WM_NAME of DevGuide, for
example, should appear as "OpenWindows Developer\s Guide".
All whitespace in this file is ignored; and lines beginning with a #
are considered comments (but only if the # is in column 1).
Variables
The .olvwmrc file may define local variables by assigning a value to a
legal variable name. Variable names must be made up of alphanumeric
charcaters or the ’_’ character. Variable names may begin with a
number and assignments may contain spaces either before of after the
’=’ operator.
Variable names are referenced by using %VariableName or
%{VariableName}; %% will yield a single %. Variable references may
appear as part of the definition of any key or screen binding.
Variable references may also appear in assignment statements.
In addition to olvwm variables, environment variables may be used in
the same contexts using the familiar $NAME or ${NAME} syntax; again, $$
will yield a single $.
The following example illustrates the use of variables:
#
# Define screen size.
#
Xsize = ’1136’
Ysize = ’798’
WholeScreenSize = ’%{Xsize}x%{Ysize}+3+3’
#
# Define file names.
#
FileName = ’.olvwmrc’
PathName = ’$HOME/%FileName’
Key/Action Bindings
olvwm can be made to perform a series of actions when a specific key is
pressed. The key can be any valid X keysym name and may be specified
by itself or with any one or more of the following modifiers: Shift,
Control, Alt, Meta, Hyper, Super, Shift Lock, or Caps Lock, in which
case the key must be pressed with the given modifiers.
The functionality for a key specified in a binding in .olvwmrc takes
precedence over any other functions that key might perform. Thus, if
you bind the L5 key to an action in .olvwmrc, you will not be able to
use the L5 key to bring windows to the front; if you bind the R8 key,
you will not be able to scroll up on the desktop using that key. Since
the unmodified versions of 29 of the possible 35 standard function keys
on a type-4 keyboard (L1-L10, F1-F10, and R1-R15) already have a
meaning within olvwm, it is recommended that at least one modifier be
used for keys in this manner so as not to conflict with other key
meanings.
There are thirteen valid actions which can be associated with a key:
Warp This action requires a single identifier. The youngest window
matching this identifier will be located, and the view into the
desktop will be warped so that the found window is displayed on
the screen. The window itself will not change position relative
to the other windows; merely the view into the desktop will be
changed. If no matching window is found, the view is unchanged.
The mouse is moved into the matching window, and that window is
given input focus.
Open This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each iconified window will be matched against this list and
those which match any identifier in the list will be opened.
Close This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each non-iconified window will be matched against this list and
those which match any identifier in the list will be closed.
Raise This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each window will be matched against this list and those which
match any identifier in the list will be raised. Windows will
be raised youngest first, so that the oldest windows in the list
will end up on top.
Lower This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each window will be matched against this list and those which
match any identifier in the list will be lowered. Windows will
be lowered youngest first, so that the oldest windows in the
list will end up on the bottom.
RaiseLower
This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each window will be matched against this list and those which
match any identifier in the list will be raised to the top of
the stack if they are partially obscured or lowered to the
bottom of the stack if they are on top.
Execute
This action requires a list of commands separated by commas.
Each command will be executed via a Bourne-shell in the same
manner as commands given in the olvwm menu file [except that
multiple commands may be listed in this case.]
Goto This action requires a single integer parameter, which is the
logical screen to which the desktop should warp when the given
key(s) are pressed.
Quit This action requires a list of identifiers separated by commas.
Each window will be matched against this list and those which
match any identifier in the list will be killed.
Geometry
This action requires a single identifier. The identifier must
be a valid X geometry string but may be partially specified (may
only specify position or size). This geometry will be applied
to the current window. If there is no current window this
action will have no effect.
Rebind This action optionally takes a filename parameter. If no
parameter is specified the normal search is performed to find
the correct version of the .olvwmrc file (as at startup). If a
parameter is given it is used as the .olvwmrc file. All current
key bindings are discarded and the .olvwmrc file is read. If
the .olvwmrc files does not exist the current key bindings are
not discarded.
Stick This action requires a single parameter which must be one of the
following: OLVWM_USE_SELECTION, on, off, toggle, or a list of
window names. If the parameter is either OLVWM_USE_SELECTION or
toggle, the sticky attribute of the current window will be
toggled. Similarly, if the parameter is a list of window names
then those window’s sticky attributes will be toggled. The
values on and off can be used to explicitly set the current
window’s sticky attribute.
SetSize
This action requires a single parameter which must be one of the
following: OLVWM_USE_SELECTION, full, save, store, restore,
toggle, or a list of window names. If the parameter is
OLVWM_USE_SELECTION or toggle, either the window’s current
geometry will be saved and its size will be set to full size or
its saved geometry will be restored, depending on the window’s
current state. Similarly, if the parameter is a list of window
names then the same action will be performed for those windows.
The parameter save can be used to preserve the current window’s
geometry such that a restore size (or toggle) will restore the
windows position and size. Note that save will only store the
windows geometry if it has not already been saved. The
parameter store will always save a windows geometry (possibly
overwriting the currently saved geometry). The restore
parameter will simply restore the current window’s saved
geometry (if it has one).
Focus This action requires a single parameter which must be either
save or restore. The save parameter will cause the window with
focus to be remembered such that a restore will restore focus to
that window.
These actions may appear in any order and will be performed in the
reverse of the order specified. Commands may be listed multiple times;
this is useful in case you want a different stacking order than that
obtained by using a single raise command. To do this, list separate
raise commands for each window and put the raise command for the window
you want to be on top first.
The full syntax for a Key/Action binding is
KeyName { Actions }
A Key Name is a valid key (L1-L10, F1-F10, or R1-R15) followed by plus
signs and the modifiers desired.
For example, given the following entry:
L2 + Shift {
Warp: "OpenWindows Developer\’s Guide"
Execute: ’$OPENWINHOME/bin/xview/clock -label "foo bar"’,
"$OPENWINHOME/bin/xview/iconedit"
Raise: xterm, shelltool
}
Then when Shift L2 is pressed, the following will occur:
1) The view will shift so that the youngest copy of DevGuide is on
the screen.
2) A clock will be started; its namestripe will contain foo bar.
The IconEditor will also be started.
3) All xterms and shelltools will be raised to the front of the
stacking order.
Screen Bindings
olvwm can arrange to begin any application relative to a particular
logical screen. A ‘‘logical screen’’ is the area on the virtual
desktop which maps to the size of your monitor; in the VDM, each
logical screen is outlined in dashed lines (unless you’ve turned this
feature off). Screens are numbered by row starting with 1. Note that
the position of a logical screen will vary depending on the size of a
desktop: in the default (2x3) configuration, screen 4 is in the bottom
left-hand corner of the VDM but in a smaller (2x2) configuration, it is
in the bottom right-hand corner.
The syntax for specifying a screen binding is
Screen # { Identifiers }
where # is the logical number of the screen and Identifiers is a list
of comma-separated window identifiers for windows which should always
start on that screen. Note that it is always possible to move the
window to another screen later.
For example, the following entry will ensure that the windows started
by Sun’s AnswerBook (windows with names Navigator and Viewer) will
always start on screen 6:
Screen 6 { Navigator, Viewer }
WINMENU Actions
When a window is selected in the WINMENU menu, olvwm will perform
certain actions. The possible actions are the same as those listed
above for Key Actions, except that the mouse position will not change
on a warp. By default, windows behave as if a warp, raise, and open
were performed on the selected window.
To effect a different action list for a particular window, you can
specify
Identifier { Actions }
Each of these is a MenuGroup; one or more of these can appear in the
following syntax:
WINMENU { MenuGroups }
For example, here is a possible entry:
WINMENU {
"File Manager" {
Warp: "Mail Tool"
Open: OLVWM_USE_SELECTION
}
xterm { }
"Virtual Desktop" {
Open: OLVWM_USE_SELECTION
Execute: "$OPENWINHOME/bin/props"
}
}
If you select the File Manager from your WINMENU, then the view will
warp to your Mail Tool instead of your file manager, and your file
manager, if closed, will be opened. [This isn’t that contrived an
example: pretend your file manager is sticky and your mail tool isn’t,
and you anticipate that you’ll need to drag between the two.]
If you select an xterm from your WINMENU, absolutely nothing will
happen. This implements a No-Op for that window.
If you select the VDM from your WINMENU, it will be opened and the
properties application will be started.
Note that this Identifier list can contain the special entry
OLVWM_USE_SELECTION which, as you might expect, operates on the single
window corresponding to the one you selected. A subtle distinction
exists here: given the MenuGroup
xterm { Raise: xterm }
then ALL xterms will be raised when any xterm is selected via the
WINMENU. However, the entry
xterm { Raise: OLVWM_USE_SELECTION }
will raise only the xterm corresponding to the one selected via the
WINMENU.
RESOURCES AND KEY BINDINGS
There are a few resources which are particular to the operation of
olvwmrc.
VirtualReRead (boolean)
When this resource is True, olvwm will re-read the .olvwmrc file
whenever it receives a Function Key event. This will happen
whenever a function key is pressed in the VDM or on the root
window, or whenever a function key grabbed by olvwm is pressed.
Default value: True
NoVirtualKey (list of windows)
This resource disables the virtual keys set up in .olvwmrc for a
particular window. The list of windows follows the same syntax
as other resource lists like MinimalDecor and VirtualSticky.
When a window in this list has the input focus and the user
executes a key sequence which is mentioned in .olvwmrc, that key
sequence will be passed to the application rather than
initiating the olvwmrc action. Note that this disabling applies
only to bindings established via entries in .olvwmrc; normal
olvwm and olwm bindings are not affected. Default value: None
NoVirtualFKey (list of windows)
This resource is like NoVirtualKey, but only the Function keys
F1 to F10 will be disabled for the given window. Default value:
None
NoVirtualLKey (list of windows)
This resource is like NoVirtualKey, but only the keys L1 to L10
(which map to F11-F20 on non-Sun keyboards) will be disabled for
the given window. Default value: None
NoVirtualRKey (list of windows)
This resource is like NoVirtualKey, but only the keys R1 to R15
will be disabled for the given window. Default value: None
SEE ALSO
olvwm(1), olwm(1)
NOTES
Please see the LEGAL_NOTICES file for full disclosure of copyright
information and olvwm(1) for acknowledgments.
BUGS
The multiple interfaces for NoVirtualKeys is something only a Wall
Street trader could appreciate.
30 November 1992