NAME
gmic - manage generic image processing operations, through the G’MIC
language interpreter.
HELP
gmic : GREYC´s Magic Image Converter (Jun 16 2010, 16:17:17).
Version 1.3.5.7, Copyright (C) 2008-2010, David Tschumperle
(http://gmic.sourceforge.net)
Usage
-----
gmic [item1 [arg1_1,arg1_2,..]] .. [itemN [argN_1,argN_2,..]]
´gmic´ is an open-source interpreter of the G´MIC language, a
script-based programming
language dedicated to the design of image processing pipelines. It
can be used to
convert, manipulate, and visualize datasets composed of one or
several 1d/2d/3d
multi-spectral images.
The G´MIC language is quite minimalist. It is entirely defined by the
following rules :
** Overall context :
- At a global scale, G´MIC manages three lists of numbered items,
stored in computer memory :
_ One list of pixel-based images, each representing 1d/2d/3d scalar
or multi-spectral data.
This is actually the most important and significant dataset in
G´MIC and we will focus
on it in the followings.
_ One list of text strings (named ´global stack´), used to store
and manage global variables
in G´MIC pipelines and custom commands.
_ One list of display windows, which are useful objects to manage
real-time animations or
to handle user interactions.
- The first item of any list has indice ´0´ and is denoted by [0].
- Negative indices are treated in a cyclic way (i.e. [-1] stands for
the last item of
a list, [-2] the penultimate one, and so on..). Thus, in a list of
4 items, notations
[1] and [-3] both refer to the second item.
- The G´MIC language defines a set of commands and substitution
mechanisms to create
pipelines for managing these lists of data in a flexible way.
- Created pipelines can then become a part of the G´MIC language,
through the definition of
user-defined custom commands.
** Image definition and terminology :
- In G´MIC, an image is always stored as a 4d array of scalar-valued
pixels, whose dimensions
are respectively denoted by :
_ ´width´, for the number of image columns (size along the
´x´-axis).
_ ´height´, for the number of image lines (size along the
´y´-axis).
_ ´depth´, for the number of image slices (size along the
´z´-axis).
The depth is equal to 1 for usual 2d color images.
_ ´spectrum´, for the number of image channels (size along the
´c´-axis).
The spectrum is equal respectively to 3 and 4 for RGB and RGBA
color images.
- There are no limitations on the number of image slices or channels
G´MIC can handle
except the amount of available memory.
- The width, height and depth of an image are considered as ´spatial´
dimensions, while
the spectrum has a ´spectral´ meaning. Thus, a 4d image in G´MIC
should always be
regarded as a 3d dataset of multi-spectral voxels.
- All pixel values of all images of the list have the same datatype.
It can be one of :
_ ´bool´ : Value range is [0=false, 1=true].
_ ´uchar´ : Stands for ´unsigned char´. Value range is [0,255].
This type of pixel coding is commonly used in image file
formats to store
classical 8-bits/channels RGB[A] color images.
_ ´char´ : Value range is [-128,127].
_ ´ushort´ : Stands for ´unsigned short´. Value range is [0,65535].
This type of pixel coding is commonly used in image file
formats to store
classical 16-bits/channels RGB[A] color images.
- ´short´ : Value range is [-32768,32767].
_ ´uint´ : Stands for ´unsigned int´. Value range is [0,2^32-1] (32
bits integers).
_ ´int´ : Value range is [-2^31,2^31-1] (32 bits signed integers).
_ ´float´ : This type of coding is able to store pixels as 32 bits
float-valued numbers.
This is the default datatype considered in G´MIC to perform
image processing operations.
_ ´double´ : This type of coding is able to store pixels as 64 bits
float-valued numbers.
- Considering pixel datatypes different than ´float´ is generally
useless, except to force
the input/output of image data to be done in a prescribed binary
format. Hence, most G´MIC
commands are available only for the default ´float´ pixel
datatype.
** Items and processing pipeline :
- In G´MIC, an image processing pipeline is described as a sequence
of items separated by
spaces ´ ´. Such items are interpreted and executed from the left
to the right.
For instance, the expression ´input.jpg -blur 3,0 -sharpen 10 -r
200%,200% -o output.jpg´
defines a valid sequence of 9 G´MIC items.
- G´MIC items are text strings that stand either for a command,
command arguments, a filename
or a special input string.
- When invoking ´gmic´ from the command-line, any word following the
executable name is
considered as one specified G´MIC item.
- Escape characters ´\’ and double quotes ´
containing spaces, or any other character sequences.
** Input data items :
- If a specified G´MIC item appears to be a filename, the
corresponding image data are loaded
and inserted at the end of the image list.
- Special filenames ´-´ and ´-.ext´ stand for the standard
input/output streams, optionally
forced to be in a specific ´ext´ file format (e.g. ´-.jpg´ or
´-.png´).
- The following special input strings can be used as G´MIC items in
order to create and
insert new images with prescribed values, at the end of the image
list :
_ ´[indice]´ or ´[indice]xN´ : Insert 1 or N copies of the existing
image [indice].
_ ´width[%],_height[%],_depth[%],_spectrum[%],_values´ :
Insert a new image with specified size and values (adding ´%´ to
a dimension means
´percentage of the size along the same axis, taken from the last
available image´).
Any specified dimension can be also replaced by ´[indice]´, and
is then replaced by
the size along the same axis of the existing specified image
[indice].
´values´ can be either a sequence of numbers separated by commas
´,´, or a mathematical
expression, as e.g. in the input item
´256,256,1,3,if(c==0,x,if(c==1,y,255))´ which
creates a 256x256 RGB color image with a spatial shading on the
red and green channels.
_ ´(v1,v2,..)´ : Create a new image containing specified prescribed
values. Value separators
inside parentheses can be ´,´ (column separator), ´;´ (line
separator),
´/´ (slice separator) or ´^´ (channel separator). For instance,
expression
´(1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,9)´ creates a 3x3 matrix (scalar image), with
values from 1 to 9.
** Command items and subsets :
- A G´MIC item starting by ´-´ designates a command, most of the
time. Mainly, commands
perform image processing operations on one or several available
image(s) of the list.
- Usual commands may have two equivalent names (regular and short).
For instance,
command names ´-resize´ and ´-r´ refer to the same processing
action.
- A G´MIC command may have mandatory or optional arguments. Command
arguments must be
specified in the item next to the command name. Commas ´,´ are
used to separate multiple
arguments, if any required.
- The execution of a G´MIC command may be restricted only to a subset
of the image list, by
appending ´[subset]´ to the command name. Several combinations are
possible, such as :
_ ´-com[0,1,3]´ : Apply command only on images [0],[1] and
[3].
_ ´-com[3-5]´ : Apply command only on images [3] to [5]
(i.e, [3],[4] and [5]).
_ ´-com[50%-100%]´ : Apply command only on the second half of
the image list.
_ ´-com[0,-4--1]´ : Apply command only on the first image, and
the four latest ones.
_ ´-com[0-9:3]´ : Apply command only on images [0] to [9],
with a step of 3
(i.e. [0], [3], [6] and [9]).
_ ´-com[0--1:2]´ : Apply command only on images of the list
with even indices.
_ ´-com[0,2-4,50%--1]´ : Apply command on images [0],[2],[3],[4]
and on the second half
of the image list.
_ ´-com[^0,1]´ : Apply command on all images of the list
except the two first ones.
- G´MIC commands invoked without ´[subset]´ are applied by default on
all images of the list.
- A G´MIC command starting with ´--´ instead of ´-´ does not act
´in-place´ but inserts its
result as one or several new images, at the end of the image list.
** Input/output properties :
- When dealing with color images, G´MIC reads, writes and displays
data using the usual
RGB color space.
- G´MIC is able to manage 3d objects that may be read or generated by
some commands. These
objects are stored as regular one-column scalar images containing
the object data, in the
following order { header, sizes, vertices, primitives, colors,
opacities }.
This kind of 3d object representation can be processed or saved as
any other regular image.
- G´MIC is able to read/write most of the classical image file
formats, including :
_ 2d grayscale/color files : .png, .jpeg, .gif, .pnm, .tif, .bmp,
..
_ 3d volumetric files : .dcm, .hdr, .nii, .pan, .inr, ..
_ Image sequences : .mpeg, .avi, .mov, .ogg, .flv, ..
_ Generic ascii or binary data files : .cimg, .cimgz, .dlm, .asc,
.pfm, .raw, .txt, .h.
_ 3d object files : .off.
- Classical image file formats may be not always adapted to store 3d
multi-spectral datasets,
resulting in possible loss of pixel informations. Use the .cimg
file format (or .cimgz,
its compressed version) to ensure that all data are nicely handled
during file operations.
- Options for specific file formats :
_ For video files : Only sub-frames of the image sequence may be
loaded, using the input
expression ´video.ext,[first_frame[%][,last_frame[%][,step]]]´.
Output framerate and quality can be also set by using the output
expression
´file.mpg,25,1024´ (here, for a 25 fps and 1024k bitrate).
_ For .raw binary files : Image dimensions must be specified, using
the input expression
´file.raw,width[,height[,depth[,dim]]]]´.
_ For .yuv files : Image dimensions must be specified, and only
sub-frames of the image
sequence may be loaded, using the input expression
´file.yuv,width,height[,first_frame[,last_frame[,step]]]´.
_ For .jpeg files : The output quality may be specified (in %),
using the output expression
´file.jpg,30´ (here, to get a 30% quality output).
_ Filenames with extension ´.gmic´ are read as G´MIC custom command
files.
- Note that some formats or options may be not supported by your
current version of ´gmic´,
depending on how compilation flags have been set for your build of
the G´MIC interpreter.
** Substitution rules :
- In G´MIC items, some expressions starting by ´@´ are substituted
before being interpreted.
Use these expressions to get the current state of the interpreter
environment :
_ ´@#´ is substituted by the current number of images in the list.
_ ´@%´ is substituted by the pid of the current process.
_ ´@*´ is substituted by the current number of items in the global
stack.
_ ´@{*}´ or ´@{*,subset}´ are substituted by the content of the
stack, or a subset of it.
If specified subset refers to multiple stack items, they appear
separated by commas ´,´.
_ ´@>´ and ´@<´ are equivalent, and are both substituted by the
number of nested
´repeat-done´ loops that are currently running.
_ ´@{>}´ or ´@{>,subset}´ are substituted by the indice values (or
a subset of them) of the
currently running ´repeat-done´ loops, expressed in the
ascending order, from 0 to N-1.
If specified subset refers to multiple loop indices, they appear
separated by commas ´,´.
_ ´@{<}´ or ´@{<,subset}´ do the same but in descending order, from
N-1 to 0.
_ ´@indice´ or ´@{indice,feature}´ are substituted by the list of
pixel values of the image
[indice], or by a specific feature (or subset) of it. Requested
´feature´ can be one of
the followings :
. ´w´ : image width (number of image columns).
. ´h´ : image height (number of image lines).
. ´d´ : image depth (number of image slices).
. ´s´ : image spectrum (number of image channels).
. ´r´ : image shared state (1, if the pixel buffer is shared,
0 else).
. ´n´ : image name (or filename, if image has been read from a
file).
. ´b´ : image basename (i.e. filename without the folder path
nor extension).
. ´x´ : image extension (i.e last characters after the last
´.´ in the filename).
. ´f´ : image folder name.
. ´#´ : number of image values (i.e. width x height x depth x
spectrum).
. ´+´ : sum of all pixel values.
. ´-´ : difference of all pixel values.
. ´*´ : product of all pixel values.
. ´/´ : quotient of all pixel values.
. ´m´ : minimum pixel value.
. ´M´ : maximum pixel value.
. ´a´ : average pixel value.
. ´v´ : variance of pixel values.
. ´t´ : text string built from the image values, regarded as
ascii codes.
. ´c´ : (x,y,z,c) coordinates of the minimum value.
. ´C´ : (x,y,z,c) coordinates of the maximum value.
. ´(x,_y,_z,_c,_borders)´ : pixel value at coordinates
(x,y,z,c), with specified
border conditions { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }.
. Any other feature is considered as a specified subset of
image values. For instance,
expression ´@{-1,0-50%}´ is substituted by the sequence of
numerical values coming
from the first half of the last image data, separated by
commas ´,´.
_ ´@!´ is substituted by the visibility state of the instant
display window [0]
(can be equal to { 0=closed | 1=visible }).
_ ´@{!,feature}´ or ´@{!indice,feature}´ is substituted by a
specific feature of the
instant display window [0] (or [indice], if specified). The
requested ´feature´ can be
one of the followings :
. ´w´ : display width (i.e. width of the display area managed
by the window).
. ´h´ : display height (i.e. height of the display area
managed by the window).
. ´d´ : window width (i.e. width of the window widget).
. ´e´ : window height (i.e. height of the window widget).
. ´u´ : screen width (actually independent on the window
size).
.´ v´ : screen height (actually independent on the window
size).
. ´x´ : X-coordinate of the mouse position (or -1, if outside
the display area).
. ´y´ : Y-coordinate of the mouse position (or -1, if outside
the display area).
. ´b´ : state of the mouse buttons { 1=left-state |
2=right-state | 4=middle-state }.
. ´o´ : state of the mouse wheel.
. ´k´ : decimal code of the pressed key if any, else 0.
. ´n´ : current normalization type of the instant display.
. ´c´ : boolean (0 or 1) telling if the instant display has
been closed recently.
. ´r´ : boolean telling if the instant display has been
resized recently.
. ´m´ : boolean telling if the instant display has been moved
recently.
. Any other feature stands for a keycode name in capital
letter, and is substituted by
a boolean describing the current key state { 0=pressed |
1=released }.
_ ´@{
specified command line (see command ´-status´). Expression ´@{}´
stands thus for the
current status value.
- Expressions ´~ind´ or ´~{ind}´ are shortcuts for ´@{*,ind}´ where
´ind´ is an integer.
Use them to get the string value of one particular numbered item
from the global stack.
- Any other expression inside braces (as in ´{expression}´) is
considered as a mathematical
expression, and is evaluated. If an expression is non evaluable,
it is substituted by
the sequence of ascii codes that composes the specified string,
separated by commas ´,´.
For instance, item ´{3+2}´ is substituted by ´5´, and item ´{foo}´
by ´102,111,111´.
- The last image of the list (if any) is always associated to
evaluations of ´{expressions}´,
e.g. G´MIC sequence ´256,128 -fill {w}´ will create a 256x128
image filled with value 256.
- Item substitution is never done in double-quoted items. One must
break double quotes if
substitution is needed, as eg. in
- Equally, one can disable the substitution mechanism outside
double-quoted items, by escaping
the ´@´,´{´,´}´ and ´~´ characters, e.g. as in ´3+4 doesn´t
evaluate´.
** Mathematical expressions :
- G´MIC has an embedded mathematical parser. It is used to evaluate
formulas in ´{}´
expressions as well as in commands that may take formulas as
arguments (e.g. ´-fill´).
- When used in commands, a formula is evaluated for each pixel of the
selected images.
- The parser understands the following set of functions, operators
and variables :
_ Usual operators : || (logical or), && (logical and), | (bitwise
or), & (bitwise and),
!=, ==, <=, >=, <, >, << (left bitwise shift), >> (right bitwise
shift), -, +, *, /,
% (modulo), ^ (power), ! (logical not), ~ (bitwise not).
_ Usual functions : sin(), cos(), tan(), asin(), acos(), atan(),
sinh(), cosh(), tanh(),
log10(), log(), exp(), sign(), abs(), atan2(), round(), narg(),
isval(), isnan(),
isinf(), isint(), isbool(), rol() (left bit rotation), ror()
(right bit rotation),
min(), max(), sinc(), int().
Function ´atan2()´ is the version of atan() that takes two
arguments ´y,x´, as in C/C++.
Function ´narg()´ returns the number of specified arguments.
Functions ´min()´ and ´max()´ can be called with a variable
number of arguments.
Functions ´isval()´, ´isnan()´, ´isinf()´, ´isbool()´ can be
used to test the type of
a given number or expression.
_ These special variable names are pre-defined. They cannot be
overloaded :
. ´w´ : width of the associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´h´ : height of the associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´d´ : depth of the associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´s´ : spectrum of the associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´x´ : current processed column of the associated image, if
any (else 0).
. ´y´ : current processed line of the associated image, if any
(else 0).
. ´z´ : current processed slice of the associated image, if
any (else 0).
. ´c´ : current processed channel of the associated image, if
any (else 0).
. ´i´ : current processed pixel value (i.e. value located at
(x,y,z,c)) of the
associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´im´,´iM´,´ia´,´iv´ : Respectively the minimum, maximum,
average values and variance
of the associated image, if any (else 0).
. ´xm´,´ym´,´zm´,´cm´ : The pixel coordinates of the minimum
value in the associated
image, if any (else 0).
. ´xM´,´yM´,´zM´,´cM´ : The pixel coordinates of the maximum
value in the associated,
image, if any (else 0).
. ´pi´ : value of pi, i.e. 3.1415926..
. ´e´ : value of e, i.e. 2.71828..
. ´?´ or ´u´ : a random value between [0,1], following an
uniform distribution.
. ´g´ : a random value, following a gaussian distribution of
variance 1
(roughly in [-5,5]).
_ These special operators can be used :
. ´;´ : expression separator. The returned value is always the
last encountered
expression. For instance expression ´1;2;pi´ is evaluated
as ´3.14159´.
. ´=´ : variable assignment. Parser variables can only refer
to numerical values.
Variable names are case-sensitive. Use this operator in
conjunction with ´;´ to
define complex evaluable expressions, such as
´t=cos(x);3*t^2+2*t+1´.
These parser variables are not accessible outside the
evaluated expression.
_ The following specific functions are also defined :
. ´if(expr_cond,expr_then,expr_else)´ : return value of
´expr_then´ or ´expr_else´,
depending on the value of ´expr_cond´ (0=false,
other=true). For instance,
G´MIC command ´-fill if(x%10==0,255,i)´ will draw blank
vertical lines on every 10th
column of an image.
. ´?(max)´ or ´?(min,max)´ : return a random value between
[0,max] or [min,max],
following an uniform distribution. ´u(max)´ and
´u(min,max)´ mean the same.
. ´i(a,_b,_c,_d,_borders)´ : return the value of the pixel
located at position
(a,b,c,d) in the associated image, if any (else 0). Border
conditions can be
{ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }. Omitted coordinates
are replaced by their
default values which are respectively equal to x, y, z, c
and 0. For instance,
command ´-fill 0.5*(i(x+1)-i(x-1))´ will estimate the
X-derivative of an image.
** Management of global variables :
- In a G´MIC processing pipeline, global variable management can be
achieved through the use
of the global stack (to store the variables), in conjunction with
the mathematical parser
(to update the variable values). For instance, a do..while loop
with a custom counter
would be typically written as : ´-p[0] 0 -do -e ~0 -pr[-1] {~0+1}
-while {~0<10} -pp[0]´.
- Manipulation of the global stack is done with one of these three
commands :
´-push´ (eq. to ´-p´), ´-pop´ (eq. to ´-pp´) and ´-pushr´ (eq. to
´-pr´).
- Accessing the content of the global stack is done either through
the ´@{*,subset}´ or
´~ind´ substituting expressions.
** Custom commands :
- Custom commands can be defined by the user, through the use of
G´MIC command files.
- A command file is a simple ascii text file, where each line starts
either by
´command_name : substitution´ or ´substitution (continuation)´ or
´# comment´.
- The name of a custom command may contain the characters
´a-z´,´A-Z´,´0-9´ and ´_´.
- Any ´# comment´ expression found in a custom command file is
discarded by the G´MIC
interpreter, wherever it is located in a line.
- A default command file is already provided within the G´MIC
package. It is located
at ´http://gmic.sourceforge.net/gmic_def.xxxx´, where ´xxxx´ must
be replaced by
the 4 digits of the current G´MIC version number. Looking at it is
a good start to learn
more on creating your own custom commands. All the commands from
this default command file
are in fact already included by default in the G´MIC interpreter.
- The default command file located at
´http://gmic.sourceforge.net/gmic_def.xxxx´ may be
updated/corrected by the G´MIC developers. You can download and
include it with the
´-command´ (or -´m´) directive to update your default command
definitions as well.
- In custom commands, expressions starting with ´$´ are substituted
this way :
_ ´$#´ is substituted by the maximum indice of known arguments
(either specified by the user
or set to a default value in the custom command).
_ ´$?´ is substituted by a string telling about the command subset
restriction (only useful
when custom commands need to output descriptive messages).
_ ´$i´ and ´${i}´ are both substituted by the i-th specified
argument. Negative indices
such as ´$[-j}´ are allowed and refer to the j^th latest
argument. ´$0´ is substituted by
the custom command name.
_ ´${i=default}´ is substituted by the value of $i (if defined) or
by its new default value
´default´ else (´default´ may be a $-expression as well).
_ ´${subset}´ is substituted by the arguments values (separated by
commas ´,´) of a
specified argument subset. For instance expression ´${2--2}´ is
substitued by all
specified arguments except the first and the last ones. Useful
expression ´${^0}´ is
substituted by all specified arguments.
- Specifying arguments may be skipped when invoking a custom command,
by replacing them by
commas ´,´ as in expression ´-flower ,,3´. Omitted arguments are
set to their default
values, which must be thus explicitely defined in the code of the
corresponding custom
command (using expressions as ´${1=default}´).
** Image and data viewers :
- G´MIC has some very handy embedded visualization modules, for 1d
signals (command ´-plot´),
1d/2d/3d images (command ´-display´) and 3d objects (command
´-display3d´). They allow to
interactively view and explore the selected image datasets.
- The following keyboard shortcuts are available in the interactive
viewers :
_ CTRL+D : Increase window size.
_ CTRL+C : Decrease window size.
_ CTRL+R : Reset window size.
_ CTRL+F : Toggle fullscreen mode.
_ CTRL+S : Save current window snapshot as a numbered file
´CImg_xxxx.bmp´.
_ CTRL+O : Save current instance of the viewed data, as a numbered
file ´CImg_xxxx.cimg´.
- Shortcuts specific to the 1d/2d/3d image viewer :
_ CTRL+P : Play stack of slices as a movie (for
volumetric 3d images).
_ CTRL+(mousewheel) : Zoom in/out.
_ SHIFT+(mousewheel) : Go left/right.
_ ALT+(mousewheel) : Go up/down.
_ Numeric PAD : Zoom in/out (+/-) and move through zoomed
image (digits).
_ BACKSPACE : Reset zoom scale.
- Shortcuts specific to the 3d object viewer :
_ (mouse)+(left mouse button) : Rotate object.
_ (mouse)+(right mouse button) : Zoom object.
_ (mouse)+(middle mouse button) : Shift object.
_ (mousewheel) : Zoom in/out.
_ CTRL+F1 .. CTRL+F6 : Set 3d rendering mode.
_ CTRL+Z : Enable/disable z-buffered
rendering.
_ CTRL+A : Show/hide 3d axes.
_ CTRL+G : Save 3d object, as a numbered
file ´CImg_xxxx.off´.
_ CTRL+T : Switch between
single/double-sided modes.
** Command reference :
All recognized G´MIC commands are listed below, classified by themes.
When several choices of command arguments are possible, they appear
separated by ´|´.
An argument specified inside ´[]´ or starting by ´_´ is optional
except when standing for an
existing image [indice]. In this case, the ´[]´ characters are
mandatory when writting the
item. A command marked with (*) is available for all image types, else
only for the default
´float´ pixel datatype.
Global options
--------------
-help _command (*)
Display help (optionally for specified command only) and quit.
(eq. to ´-h´).
-debug (*)
Activate debug mode.
When activated, this mode outputs additionnal log messages
describing the
internal state of the interpreter.
Mathematical operators and functions
------------------------------------
-add value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Add specified value, image, file or mathematical expression to
selected images,
or compute the pointwise sum of selected images.
(eq. to ´-+´).
-sub value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Subtract specified value, image, file or mathematical
expression to selected images,
or compute the pointwise difference of selected images.
(eq. to ´--´).
-mul value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Multiply selected images by specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression,
or compute the pointwise product of selected images.
(eq. to ´-*´).
-mmul value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the matrix product of selected matrices/vectors by
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the matrix products of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-**´).
-div value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Divide selected image by specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression,
or compute the pointwise quotient of selected images.
(eq. to ´-/´).
-pow value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Raise selected image to the power of specified value, image,
file or mathematical
expression, or compute the pointwise sequential powers of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-^´).
-min value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the minimum between selected images and specified
value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise minima
between selected images.
-max value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the maximum between selected images and specified
value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise maxima
between selected images.
-mod value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the modulo of selected images with specified value,
image, file or mathematical
expression, or compute the pointwise sequential modulo of
selected images.
-and value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise AND of selected images with specified
value, image, file or mathematical
expression, or compute the pointwise sequential bitwise AND of
selected images.
-or value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise OR of selected images with specified value,
image, file or mathematical
expression, or compute the pointwise sequential bitwise OR of
selected images.
-xor value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise XOR of selected images with specified
value, image, file or mathematical
expression, or compute the pointwise sequential bitwise XOR of
selected images.
-bsl value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise left shift of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise sequential
bitwise left shift of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-<<´).
-bsr value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise right shift of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise sequential
bitwise right shift of
selected images.
(eq. to ´->>´).
-rol value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise left rotation of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise sequential
bitwise left rotation of
selected images.
-ror value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the bitwise right rotation of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the pointwise sequential
bitwise right rotation of
selected images.
-eq value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean equality of selected images with specified
value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the boolean equality of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-==´).
-neq value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean inequality of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the boolean inequality of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-!=´).
-gt value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean ´greater than´ of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the boolean ´greater than´
of selected images.
(eq. to ´->´).
-ge value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean ´greater or equl than´ of selected images
with specified value, image,
file or mathematical expression, or compute the boolean
´greater or equal than´ of selected
images.
(eq. to ´->=´).
-lt value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean ´less than´ of selected images with
specified value, image, file or
mathematical expression, or compute the boolean ´less than´ of
selected images.
(eq. to ´-<´).
-le value[%] |
[indice] |
filename |
´formula´ |
(no args)
Compute the boolean ´less or equl than´ of selected images with
specified value, image,
file or mathematical expression, or compute the boolean ´less
or equal than´ of selected
images.
(eq. to ´-<=´).
-cos
Compute the pointwise cosine of selected images.
-sin
Compute the pointwise sine of selected images.
-sinc
Compute the pointwise sinc function of selected images.
-tan
Compute the pointwise tangent of selected images.
-cosh
Compute the pointwise hyperbolic cosine of selected images.
-sinh
Compute the pointwise hyperbolic sine of selected images.
-tanh
Compute the pointwise hyperbolic tangent of selected images.
-acos
Compute the pointwise arc-cosine of selected images.
-asin
Compute the pointwise arc-sine of selected images.
-atan
Compute the pointwise arc-tangent of selected images.
-atan2 [indice]
Compute the pointwise oriented arc-tangent of selected images.
Each selected image is regarded as the y-argument of the
arc-tangent function, while the
specified image gives the corresponding x-argument.
-abs
Compute the pointwise absolute values of selected images.
-sign
Compute the pointwise sign of selected images.
-sqr
Compute the pointwise square function of selected images.
-sqrt
Compute the pointwise square root of selected images.
-exp
Compute the pointwise exponential of selected images.
-log
Compute the pointwise logarithm of selected images.
-log10
Compute the pointwise logarithm_10 of selected images.
Basic pixel manipulation
------------------------
-endian (*)
Reverse data endianness of selected images.
-set value,_x,_y,_z,_c
Set pixel value in selected images, at specified coordinates.
(eq. to ´-=´).
If specified coordinates are outside the image bounds, no
action is performed.
Default values for ´x´,´y´,´z´,´c´ are ´0´.
-fill value1,_value2,.. |
[indice] |
formula
Fill selected images with values read from the specified value
list, existing image
or mathematical expression.
(eq. to ´-f´).
-threshold value[%],_soft |
(no args)
Threshold values of selected images.
(eq. to ´-t´).
´soft´ can be { 0=hard-thresholding | 1=soft-thresholding }.
(noargs) runs interactive mode (uses the instant window [0] if
opened).
-cut { value0[%] | [indice0] },{ value1[%] | [indice1]
} |
[indice] |
(no args)
Cut values of selected images in specified range.
(eq. to ´-c´).
(noargs) runs interactive mode (uses the instant window [0] if
opened).
-normalize { value0[%] | [indice0] },{ value1[%] | [indice1]
}
[indice]
Linearly normalize values of selected images in specified
range.
(eq. to ´-n´).
-round rounding_value>=0,_rounding_type
Round values of selected images.
´rounding_type´ can be { -1=backward | 0=nearest | 1=forward }.
-equalize nb_levels>0[%],_value0[%],_value1[%]
Equalize histograms of selected images.
If value range is specified, the equalization is done only for
pixels in the specified
value range.
-quantize nb_levels>0,_preserve_value_range={ 0 | 1 }
Uniformly quantize selected images.
-noise std_variation>=0[%],_noise_type
Add random noise to selected images.
´noise_type´ can be { 0=gaussian | 1=uniform | 2=salt&pepper |
3=poisson | 4=rice }.
-rand value0,value1
Fill selected images with random values uniformly distributed
in the specified range.
-norm
Compute the pointwise euclidean norm of vector-valued pixels in
selected images.
-orientation
Compute the pointwise orientation of vector-valued pixels in
selected images.
-map [indice] |
predefined_palette
Map specified vector-valued palette to selected indexed scalar
images.
´predefined_palette´ can be { 0=default | 1=rainbow | 2=cluster
}.
-index { [indice] | predefined_palette },_is_dithered={ 0
| 1 },_map_palette={ 0 | 1 }
Index selected vector-valued images by specified vector-valued
palette.
´predefined_palette´ can be { 0=default | 1=rainbow | 2=cluster
}.
Color base conversion
---------------------
-rgb2hsv
Convert selected images from RGB to HSV colorbases.
-rgb2hsl
Convert selected images from RGB to HSL colorbases.
-rgb2hsi
Convert selected images from RGB to HSI colorbases.
-rgb2yuv
Convert selected images from RGB to YUV colorbases.
-rgb2ycbcr
Convert selected images from RGB to YCbCr colorbases.
-rgb2xyz
Convert selected images from RGB to XYZ colorbases.
-rgb2lab
Convert selected images from RGB to Lab colorbases.
-rgb2cmy
Convert selected images from RGB to CMY colorbases.
-rgb2cmyk
Convert selected images from RGB to CMYK colorbases.
-hsv2rgb
Convert selected images from HSV to RGB colorbases.
-hsl2rgb
Convert selected images from HSL to RGB colorbases.
-hsi2rgb
Convert selected images from HSI to RGB colorbases.
-yuv2rgb
Convert selected images from YUV to RGB colorbases.
-ycbcr2rgb
Convert selected images from YCbCr to RGB colorbases.
-xyz2rgb
Convert selected images from XYZ to RGB colorbases.
-lab2rgb
Convert selected images from Lab to RGB colorbases.
-cmy2rgb
Convert selected images from CMY to RGB colorbases.
-cmyk2rgb
Convert selected images from CMYK to RGB colorbases.
Geometry manipulation
---------------------
-resize [indice],_interpolation,_borders,_cx,_cy,_cz,_cc |
{[indice_w] | width>0[%]},_{[indice_h] |
height>0[%]},_{[indice_d] | depth>0[%]},
_{[indice_s] |
spectrum>0[%]},_interpolation,_borders,_cx,_cy,_cz,_cc |
(noargs)
Resize selected images with specified geometry.
(eq. to ´-r´).
´interpolation´ can be { -1=none (memory content) | 0=none |
1=nearest | 2=average |
3=linear | 4=grid | 5=bicubic |
6=lanczos }.
´borders´ can be { -1=none | 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic
}.
´cx,cy,cz,cc´ set the centering mode when ´interpolation=0´
(must be in [0,1]).
Their default values are ´0´.
(noargs) runs interactive mode (uses the instant window [0] if
opened).
-resize2x
Resize selected images using the Scale2x algorithm.
-resize3x
Resize selected images using the Scale3x algorithm.
-crop x0[%],x1[%],_borders |
x0[%],y0[%],x1[%],y1[%],_borders |
x0[%],y0[%],z0[%],x1[%],y1[%],z1[%],_borders |
x0[%],y0[%],z0[%],c0[%],x1[%],y1[%],z1[%],c1[%],_borders
|
(noargs)
Crop selected images with specified region coordinates.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
(noargs) runs interactive mode (uses the instant window [0] if
opened).
-autocrop value1,value2,..
Autocrop selected images by specified vector-valued intensity.
-channels { [indice0] | c0[%] },_{ [indice1] | c1[%] }
Select specified channels of selected images.
-slices { [indice0] | z0[%] },_{ [indice1] | z1[%] }
Select specified slices of selected images.
-lines { [indice0] | y0[%] },_{ [indice1] | y1[%] }
Select specified lines of selected images.
-columns { [indice0] | x0[%] },_{ [indice1] | x1[%] }
Select specified columns of selected images.
-rotate angle,_borders,_interpolation,_cx[%],_cy[%],_zoom
Rotate selected images with specified angle (in deg.).
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }.
´interpolation´ can be { 0=none | 1=linear | 2=bicubic }.
When rotation center (´cx´,´cy´) is specified, the size of the
image is preserved.
-mirror axis={ x | y | z | c }
Mirror selected images along specified axis.
-shift vx[%],_vy[%],_vz[%],_vc[%],_borders
Shift selected images by specified displacement vector.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }.
-transpose
Transpose selected images.
-invert
Compute the inverse of the selected matrices.
-solve [indice]
Solve linear system AX = B for selected B-vectors and specified
A-matrix.
-eigen
Compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of specified symmetric
matrices.
-dijkstra starting_node>=0,ending_node>=0
Compute minimal distances and pathes from specified adjacency
matrices by the Dijkstra algorithm.
-permute permutation
Permute selected image axes by specified permutation.
´permutation´ is a combination of the character set {x|y|z|c},
e.g. ´xycz´, ´cxyz´, ..
-unroll axis={ x | y | z | c }
Unroll selected images along specified axis.
-split axis={ x | y | z | c },_nb_parts |
patch_x>0,_patch_y>0,_patch_z>0,_patch_v>0,borders
|
value,_keep_splitting_values={ + | - }
Split selected images along specified axis, patch or scalar
value.
(eq. to ´-s´).
´nb_parts´ can be { 0=maximum split | >0=split in N parts |
<0=split in parts of size -N }.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-append axis={ x | y | z | c },_alignment
Append selected images along specified axis.
(eq. to ´-a´).
´alignment´ can be { p=left | c=center | n=right }.
-warp [indice],_is_relative={ 0 | 1 },_interpolation={ 0
| 1 },_borders,_nb_frames>0
Warp selected image with specified displacement field.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }.
Image filtering
---------------
-deriche std_variation>=0[%],order={ 0 | 1 | 2 },axis={ x |
y | z | c },_borders
Apply Deriche recursive filter with specified standard
deviation, order, axis and border
conditions on selected images.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-blur std_variation>=0[%],_borders
Blur selected images by quasi-gaussian recursive filter.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-bilateral std_variation_s>0[%],std_variation_r>0
Blur selected images by anisotropic bilateral filtering.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-denoise
std_variation_s>=0,_std_variation_p>=0,_patch_size>0,_lookup_size>0,_smoothness,
_fast_approx={ 0 | 1 }
Denoise selected images by non-local patch averaging.
-smooth
amplitude>=0,_sharpness>=0,_anisotropy,_alpha,_sigma,_dl>0,_da>0,_precision>0,
interpolation,_fast_approx={ 0 | 1 } |
nb_iterations>=0,_sharpness>=0,_anisotropy,_alpha,_sigma,_dt>0,0
|
[indice],_amplitude>=0,_dl>0,_da>0,_precision>0,_interpolation,_fast_approx={
0 | 1 } |
[indice],_nb_iters>=0,_dt>0,0
Smooth selected images anisotropically using diffusion PDE´s,
with specified field of
diffusion tensors.
´anisotropy´ must be in [0,1].
´interpolation´ can be { 0=nearest | 1=linear | 2=runge-kutta
}.
-median radius>=0
Apply median filter of specified radius on selected images.
-sharpen amplitude>=0 |
amplitude>=0,1,_edge>=0,_alpha,_sigma
Sharpen selected images by inverse diffusion or shock filters
methods.
-convolve [indice],_borders
Convolve selected images by specified mask.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-correlate [indice],_borders
Correlate selected images by specified mask.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-erode size>=0´ |
size_x>=0,size_y>=0,_size_z>=0 |
[indice],_borders
Erode selected images by a rectangular or the specified
structuring element.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-dilate size>=0 |
size_x>=0,size_y>=0,size_z>=0 |
[indice],_borders
Dilate selected images by a rectangular or the specified
structuring element.
´borders´ can be { 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }.
-inpaint [indice]
Inpaint selected images by specified mask.
-gradient { x | y | z }..{ x | y | z },_scheme |
(no args)
Compute the gradient components (first derivatives) of selected
images.
´scheme´ can be { -1=backward | 0=centered | 1=forward |
2=sobel |
3=rotation-invariant (default) | 4=recursive
}.
(no args) compute all significant 2d/3d components.
-structuretensors _scheme
Compute the structure tensor field of selected images.
´scheme´ can be { 0=centered | 1=forward-backward1 |
2=forward-backward2 }.
-edgetensors sharpness>=0,_anisotropy,_alpha,_sigma,is_sqrt={ 0
| 1 }
Compute the diffusion tensors of selected images for
edge-preserving smoothing algorithms.
´anisotropy´ must be in [0,1].
-hessian { xx | xy | xz | yy | yz | zz }..{ xx | xy | xz |
yy | yz | zz } |
(no args)
Compute the hessian components (second derivatives) of selected
images.
(no args) compute all significant components.
-haar scale>0
Compute the direct haar multiscale wavelet transform of
selected images.
-ihaar scale>0
Compute the inverse haar multiscale wavelet transform of
selected images.
-fft
Compute the direct fourier transform of selected images.
-ifft
Compute the inverse fourier transform of selected images.
Image creation and drawing
--------------------------
-histogram nb_levels>0[%],_val0[%],_val1[%]
Compute the histogram of selected images.
If value range is specified, the histogram is estimated only
for pixels in the specified
value range.
-distance isovalue
Compute the unsigned distance function to specified isovalue.
-eikonal nb_iterations>=0,_band_size>=0
Compute iterations of the eikonal equation (signed distance
function) on selected images.
-watershed [indice],_fill_lines={ 0 | 1 }
Compute the watershed transform of selected images.
-label
Label connected components in selected images.
-displacement
[indice],_smoothness>=0,_precision>0,_nb_scales>=0,iteration_max>=0,
is_backward={ 0 | 1 }
Estimate displacement field between selected images and
specified source.
If ´nbscales´=0, the number of needed scales is estimated from
the image size.
-sort _ordering={ + | - },_axis={ x | y | z | c } |
Sort pixel values of selected images.
-mse
Compute MSE (Mean-Squared Error) matrix between selected
images.
-psnr _max_value
Compute PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) matrix between
selected images.
-point x[%],y[%],_z[%],_opacity,_color1,..
Set specified colored pixel on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-line x0[%],y0[%],x1[%],y1[%],_opacity,_color1,..´
Draw specified colored line on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-polygon N,x1[%],y1[%],..,xN[%],yN[%],_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified colored N-vertices polygon on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-spline x0,y0,u0,v0,x1,y1,u1,v1,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified colored spline curve on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-ellipse x[%],y[%],r[%],R[%],_angle,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified colored ellipse on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-text
text,_x[%],_y[%],_font_height>0,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified colored text string on selected images.
Exact pre-defined sizes are ´13´,´24´,´32´ and ´57´.
Default color value is ´0´.
-graph
[indice],_plot_type,_vertex_type,_ymin,_ymax,_opacity,_color1,.. |
´formula´,_resolution>=0,_plot_type,_vertex_type,_xmin,xmax,_ymin,_ymax,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified function graph on selected images.
´plot_type´ can be { 0=none | 1=lines | 2=splines | 3=bar }.
´vertex_type´ can be { 0=none | 1=points | 2,3=crosses |
4,5=circles | 6,7=squares }.
Default color value is ´0´.
-axes x0,x1,y0,y1,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw xy-axes on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-quiver [indice],_sampling>0,_factor,_is_arrow={ 0 | 1
},_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified 2d vector/orientation field on selected images.
Default color value is ´0´.
-flood x[%],_y[%],_z[%],_tolerance>=0,_opacity,_color1,..
Flood-fill selected images using specified value and tolerance.
Default color value is ´0´.
-image
[indice],_x[%],_y[%],_z[%],_c[%],_opacity,_[indice_mask]
Draw specified sprite image on selected images.
-object3d [indice],_x[%],_y[%],_z,_opacity,_is_zbuffer={ 0 |
1 }
Draw specified 3d object on selected images.
-plasma alpha,_beta,_opacity
Draw a random colored plasma on selected images.
-mandelbrot z0r,z0i,z1r,z1i,_iteration_max>=0,_is_julia={ 0 |
1 },_c0r,_c0i,_opacity
Draw mandelbrot/julia fractal on selected images.
List manipulation
-----------------
-remove (*)
Remove selected images.
(eq. to ´-rm´).
-keep (*)
Keep only selected images.
(eq. to ´-k´).
-move position (*)
Move selected images at specified position.
(eq. to ´-mv´).
-reverse (*)
Reverse positions of selected images.
-name name (*)
Set name of selected images.
3d rendering
------------
-point3d x0,y0,z0
Create a new 3d point at specified coordinates.
-line3d x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1
Create a new 3d line at specified coordinates.
-triangle3d x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2
Create a new 3d triangle at specified coordinates.
-quadrangle3d x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2,x3,y3,z3
Create a new 3d quadrangle at specified coordinates.
-circle3d x0,y0,z0,radius>=0
Create a new 3d circle at specified coordinates.
-box3d size |
size_x,size_y,size_z
Create a new 3d box at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-cone3d radius,_size_z,_nb_subdivisions>0
Create a new 3d cone at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-cylinder3d radius,_height,_nb_subdivisions>0
Create a new 3d cylinder at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-torus3d
radius1,_radius2,_nb_subdivisions1>0,_nb_subdivisions2>0
Create a new 3d torus at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-plane3d
size1_size2,_nb_subdivisions1>0,_nb_subdisivions2>0
Create a new 3d plane at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-sphere3d radius,_nb_recursions>=0
Create a new 3d sphere at (0,0,0), with specified geometry.
-elevation3d z-factor |
[indice] |
´formula´,_x0,_y0,_x1,y1,_dx[%],_dy[%] |
(no args)
Create 3d elevation of selected images or specified formula,
with specified elevation map.
If a z-factor is specified, each elevation map is computed as
the pointwise L2 norm of the
selected images. Else, elevation values are taken from the
specified image or formula.
-isoline3d isovalue[%] |
´formula´,value,_x0,_y0,_x1,_y1,_dx>0[%],_dy>0[%]
Extract 3d isolines with specified value from selected images
or from specified formula.
-isosurface3d isovalue[%] |
´formula´,value,_x0,_y0,_z0,_x1,_y1,_z1,_dx>0[%],_dy>0[%],_dz>0[%]
Extract 3d isosurfaces with specified value from selected
images or from specified formula.
-streamline3d x,y,z,_L>=0,_dl>0,_interp,_is_backward={ 0 | 1
},_is_oriented={ 0 | 1 } |
´formula´,x,y,z,_L>=0,_dl>0,_interp,_is_backward={
0 | 1 },_is_oriented={ 0 | 1 }
Extract 3d streamlines from selected vector fields or from
specified formula.
´interp´ can be { 0=nearest integer | 1=1st-order | 2=2nd-order
| 3=4th-order }.
-add3d tx,_ty,_tz |
[indice3d] |
(noargs)
Shift selected 3d objects with specified displacement vector,
or merge them with specified
3d object, or merge all selected 3d objects together.
(eq. to ´-+3d´).
-sub3d tx,_ty,_tz
Shift selected 3d objects with the opposite of specified
displacement vector.
(eq. to ´--3d´).
-mul3d factor |
factor_x,factor_y,_factor_z
Scale selected 3d objects isotropically or anisotropically,
with specified factors.
(eq. to ´-*3d´).
-div3d factor |
factor_x,factor_y,_factor_z
Scale selected 3d objects isotropically or anisotropically,
with the inverse of specified
factors.
(eq. to ´-/3d´).
-center3d
Center selected 3d objects at (0,0,0).
(eq. to ´-c3d´).
-normalize3d
Normalize size of selected 3d objects.
(eq. to ´-n3d´).
-rotate3d u,v,w,angle
Rotate selected 3d objects around specified axis with specified
angle (in deg.).
(eq. to ´-rot3d´).
-color3d R,G,B,_opacity
Set color and opacity of selected 3d objects.
(eq. to ´-col3d´).
-opacity3d opacity
Set opacity of selected 3d objects.
(eq. to ´-o3d´).
-reverse3d
Reverse orientation of selected 3d objects.
(eq. to ´-r3d´).
-primitives3d mode
Convert primitives of selected 3d objects.
(eq. to ´-p3d´).
´mode´ can be { 0=points | 1=segments | 2=no-textures }.
-split3d
Split selected 3d objects into 6 feature vectors :
{ header, sizes, vertices, primitives, colors, opacities }.
(eq. to ´-s3d´).
To recreate the 3d object, append these 6 images along the
y-axis.
-light3d position_x,position_y,position_z |
[indice] |
(no args)
Set the light coordinates or the light texture for 3d
rendering.
(eq. to ´-l3d´).
(noargs) resets the 3d light to default.
-focale3d focale>=0
Set 3d focale.
(eq. to ´-f3d´).
Set ´focale´ to 0 to enable parallel projection (instead of
perspective).
-pose3d value1,..,value16 |
(noargs)
Set the coefficients of the 3d pose matrix.
(noargs) resets the 3d pose matrix to default.
-specl3d value
Set amount of 3d specular light.
(eq. to ´-sl3d´).
-specs3d value
Set shininess of 3d specular light.
(eq. to ´-ss3d´).
-double3d is_double={ 0 | 1 }
Enable/disable double-sided mode for 3d rendering.
(eq. to ´-db3d´).
-mode3d mode
Set static 3d rendering mode.
(eq. to ´-m3d´).
´mode´ can be { -1=bounding-box | 0=pointwise | 1=linear |
2=flat | 3=flat-shaded |
4=gouraud-shaded | 5=phong-shaded }.
-moded3d mode
Set dynamic 3d rendering mode.
(eq. to ´-md3d´).
´mode´ can be { -1=bounding-box | 0=pointwise | 1=linear |
2=flat | 3=flat-shaded |
4=gouraud-shaded | 5=phong-shaded }.
-background3d R,_G,_B |
[indice] |
(no args)
Define background from specified color or existing image for 3d
rendering.
(eq. to ´-b3d´).
(no args) resets the background to default.
Program control and environment
-------------------------------
-skip item (*)
Do nothing but skip specified item.
-return (*)
Return from current custom command.
-status item (*)
Set current status value to the specified item.
(eq. to ´-u´).
-exec command (*)
Execute external command using a system call.
The status value is then set to the error code returned by the
system call.
(eq. to ´-x´).
-do (*)
Start a ´do..while´ block.
-while condition (*)
End a ´do..while´ block and go back to associated ´-do´
if specified condition is verified.
´condition´ must be a number standing for { 0=false |
other=true }.
-repeat nb_iterations (*)
Start iterations of a ´repeat..done´ block.
-done (*)
End a ´repeat..done´ block, and go to associated ´-repeat´
position, if iterations remain.
-break (*)
Break current ´repeat..done´ or ´do..while´ block.
(eq. to ´-b´).
-continue (*)
Continue to next iteration of current ´repeat..done´ or
´do..while´ block.
-if condition (*)
Start a ´if..[elif]..[else]..endif´ block and test
if specified condition is verified.
´condition´ must be a number standing for { 0=false |
other=true }.
-elif condition (*)
Start a ´elif..[else]..endif´ block if previous ´-if´ was not
verified
and test if specified condition is verified.
-else (*)
Execute following commands if previous ´-if´ or ´-elif´
conditions failed.
-endif (*)
End a ´if..[elif]..[else]..endif´ block.
-local (*)
Start a ´local..endlocal´ block, with selected images.
(eq. to ´-l´).
-endlocal (*)
End a ´local..endlocal´ block.
(eq. to ´-endl´).
-check expression (*)
Evaluate expression, and display an error message if it is not
verified.
-quit (*)
Quit interpreter.
(eq. to ´-q´).
-push item (*)
Push specified item on the global stack at selected positions.
(eq. to ´-p´).
Command subset (if any) stands for stack indices instead of
image indices.
If no subset is specified, the item is pushed at the end of the
global stack.
-pushr item (*)
Replace item on the global stack by specified item, at selected
positions.
(eq. to ´-pr´).
Command subset (if any) stands for stack indices instead of
image indices.
-pop (*)
Pop items from the global stack at selected positions.
(eq. to ´-pp´).
Command subset (if any) stands for stack indices instead of
image indices.
-error message (*)
Print specified error message, on the standard output, and quit
interpreter.
Command subset (if any) stands for displayed scope indices
instead of image indices.
-progress 0<=value<=100 | (*)
-1
Set the progress indice of the current processing pipeline.
This command is useful only when G´MIC is used by an embedding
application.
Input/output
------------
-input filename | (*)
[indice]x_nb_copies>0 |
{ width>0[%] | [indice_w] },{ _height>0[%] |
[indice_h] },{ _depth>0[%] | [indice_d] },
{ _spectrum>0[%] | [indice_s] },_value1,_value2,..
|
(value1{,|;|/|^}value2{,|;|/|^}..)
Insert a new image taken from a filename or from a copy of an
existing image [´indice´],
or insert new image with specified dimensions and values.
(eq. to ´-i´ | (no args)).
-output filename,_format_options (*)
Output selected images as one or several numbered file(s).
(eq. to ´-o´).
-verbose level | (*)
{ + | - }
Set or increment/decrement the verbosity level.
(eq. to ´-v´).
When ´level´>=0, G´MIC log messages are displayed on the
standard output.
Default value for the verbosity level is 0.
-print (*)
Output informations on selected images, on the standard output.
-echo message (*)
Output specified message, on the standard output.
(eq. to ´-e´).
Command subset (if any) stands for displayed scope indices
instead of image indices.
-warning message (*)
Print specified warning message, on the standard output.
Command subset (if any) stands for displayed scope indices
instead of image indices.
-command filename | (*)
Import G´MIC custom command(s) from specified file or string.
(eq. to ´-m´).
Imported commands are available directly after the ´-command´
invokation.
-type datatype (*)
Set pixel datatype for all images of the list.
´datatype´ can be { bool | uchar | char | ushort | short | uint
|
int | float | double }.
-shell (*)
Start interactive shell environment, with selected images.
-shared x0[%],x1[%],y[%],z[%],v[%] | (*)
y0[%],y1[%],z[%],v[%] |
z0[%],z1[%],v[%] |
v0[%],v1[%] |
(no args)
Insert shared buffers from (opt. points/lines/planes/channels
of) selected images.
-display
Display selected images in an interactive viewer (use the
instant window [0] if opened).
(eq. to ´-d´).
-display3d
Display selected 3d objects in an interactive viewer (use the
instant window [0] if opened).
(eq. to ´-d3d´).
-plot _plot_type,_vertex_type,_xmin,_xmax,_ymin,_ymax |
´formula´,_resolution>=0,_plot_type,_vertex_type,_xmin,xmax,_ymin,_ymax
Display selected image or formula in an interactive viewer (use
the instant window [0] if
opened).
´plot_type´ can be { 0=none | 1=lines | 2=splines | 3=bar }.
´vertex_type´ can be { 0=none | 1=points | 2,3=crosses |
4,5=circles | 6,7=squares }.
´xmin´,´xmax´,´ymin´,´ymax´ set the coordinates of the
displayed xy-axes.
-window
_width>=-1,_height>=-1,_normalization,_fullscreen,_title
Display selected images into an instant window with specified
size, normalization type,
fullscreen mode and title.
(eq. to ´-w´).
If ´width´ or ´height´ is set to -1, the corresponding
dimension is adjusted to the window
or image size.
´width´=0 or ´height´=0 closes the instant window.
´normalization´ can be { -1=keep same | 0=none | 1=always |
2=1st-time | 3=auto }.
´fullscreen´ can be { -1=keep same | 0=no | 1=yes }.
You can manage up to 10 different instant windows by using the
numbered variants
´-w0´ (default, eq. to ´-w´),´-w1´,..,´-w9´ of the command
´-w´.
-wait delay |
(no args)
Wait for a given delay (in ms) or for an user event occuring on
the selected instant window.
´delay´ can be { <0=delay+flush | 0=event | >0=delay }.
Command subset (if any) stands for instant window indices
instead of image indices.
-select feature
Interactively select a feature from selected images (use the
instant window [0] if opened).
´feature´ can be { 0=point | 1=segment | 2=rectangle |
3=ellipse }.
The retrieved feature is returned as a vector containing the
feature coordinates.
Shortcuts for native commands
-----------------------------
-h eq. to ´-help´. (*)
-+ eq. to ´-add´.
-- eq. to ´-sub´.
-* eq. to ´-mul´.
-** eq. to ´-mmul´.
-/ eq. to ´-div´.
-^ eq. to ´-pow´.
-<< eq. to ´-bsl´.
->> eq. to ´-bsr´.
-== eq. to ´-eq´.
-!= eq. to ´-neq´.
-> eq. to ´-gt´.
->= eq. to ´-ge´.
-< eq. to ´-lt´.
-<= eq. to ´-le´.
-= eq. to ´-set´.
-f eq. to ´-fill´.
-t eq. to ´-threshold´.
-c eq. to ´-cut´.
-n eq. to ´-normalize´.
-r eq. to ´-resize´.
-s eq. to ´-split´.
-a eq. to ´-append´.
-rm eq. to ´-remove´. (*)
-k eq. to ´-keep´. (*)
-mv eq. to ´-move´. (*)
-+3d eq. to ´-add3d´.
--3d eq. to ´-sub3d´.
-*3d eq. to ´-mul3d´.
-/3d eq. to ´-div3d´.
-c3d eq. to ´-center3d´.
-n3d eq. to ´-normalize3d´.
-rot3d eq. to ´-rotate3d´.
-col3d eq. to ´-color3d´.
-o3d eq. to ´-opacity3d´.
-r3d eq. to ´-reverse3d´.
-p3d eq. to ´-primitives3d´.
-s3d eq. to ´-split3d´.
-l3d eq. to ´-light3d´.
-f3d eq. to ´-focale3d´.
-sl3d eq. to ´-specl3d´.
-ss3d eq. to ´-specs3d´.
-db3d eq. to ´-double3d´.
-m3d eq. to ´-mode3d´.
-md3d eq. to ´-moded3d´.
-b3d eq. to ´-background3d´.
-x eq. to ´-exec´. (*)
-u eq. to ´-status´. (*)
-b eq. to ´-break´. (*)
-l eq. to ´-local´. (*)
-endl eq. to ´-endlocal´. (*)
-q eq. to ´-quit´. (*)
-p eq. to ´-push´. (*)
-pr eq. to ´-pushr´. (*)
-pp eq. to ´-pop´. (*)
-e eq. to ´-echo´. (*)
-i eq. to ´-input´. (*)
-o eq. to ´-output´. (*)
-v eq. to ´-verbose´. (*)
-m eq. to ´-command´. (*)
-d eq. to ´-display´.
-d3d eq. to ´-display3d´.
-w eq. to ´-window´.
Default custom commands
-----------------------
** Basic pixel manipulation :
-replace_nan _expression
Replace all NaN values in selected images by specified
expression.
-replace_inf _expression
Replace all infinite values in selected images by specified
expression.
-roundify _gamma>=0
Apply roundify transformation on float-valued data, with
specified gamma.
-complex2polar
Compute complex to polar transforms of selected images.
-polar2complex
Compute polar to complex transforms of selected images.
-transfer_histogram
Transfer histogram of the last selected image to the other
ones.
-normalize_sum
Normalize selected images with a unitary sum.
-apply_gamma gamma
Apply gamma correction to selected images.
-negative
Compute negative of selected images.
-tones N>0
Get N tones masks from selected images.
-t2 eq. to ´-threshold2´.
-threshold2 _min,_max
Threshold selected images between the two given values (eq. to
´-t2´).
** Geometric manipulation :
-split_tiles M!=0,_N!=0,_is_homogeneous={ 0 | 1 }
Split selected images as a MxN array of tiles.
-append_tiles M>0,_N>0
Append MxN selected tiles as a new image.
-r2dx eq. to ´-resize2dx´.
-resize2dx width>0,_interpolation_type={0,1,2,3,4,5}
Resize selected images along the X-axis, preserving 2d ratio
(eq. to ´-r2dx´).
-r3dx eq. to ´-resize3dx´.
-resize3dx width>0,_interpolation_type={0,1,2,3,4,5}
Resize selected images along the X-axis, preserving 3d ratio
(eq. to ´-r3dx´).
-r2dy eq. to ´-resize2dy´.
-resize2dy height>0,_interpolation_type={0,1,2,3,4,5}
Resize selected images along the Y-axis, preserving 2d ratio
(eq. to ´-r2dy´).
-r3dy eq. to ´-resize3dy´.
-resize3dy height>0,_interpolation_type={0,1,2,3,4,5}
Resize selected images along the Y-axis, preserving 3d ratio
(eq. to ´-r3dy´).
-r3dz eq. to ´-resize3dz´.
-resize3dz depth>0,_interpolation_type={0,1,2,3,4,5}
Resize selected images along the Z-axis, preserving 3d ratio
(eq. to ´-r3dz´).
-upscale_smart
width,height,_depth,smoothness>=0,_anisotropy=[0,1],sharpening>=0
Upscale selected images with an edge-preserving algorithm.
-expand_x size_x>=0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Expand selected images along the X-axis.
-expand_y size_y>=0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Expand selected images along the Y-axis.
-expand_z size_z>=0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Expand selected images along the Z-axis.
-expand_xy size>=0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Expand selected images along the XY-axes.
-expand_xyz size>=0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Expand selected images along the XYZ-axes.
-shrink_x size_x>=0
Shrink selected images along the X-axis.
-shrink_y size_y>=0
Shrink selected images along the Y-axis.
-shrink_z size_z>=0
Shrink selected images along the Z-axis.
-shrink_xy size>=0
Shrink selected images along the XY-axes.
-elevate _depth,_is_plain,_is_colored
Elevate selected 2d images into 3d volumes.
** Input-Output :
-ow eq. to ´-outputw´.
-outputw
Output selected images by overwritting their original location
(eq. to ´-ow´).
-op eq. to ´-outputp´.
-outputp prefix
Output selected images as prefixed versions of their original
filenames (eq. to ´-op´).
-on eq. to ´-outputn´.
-outputn filename
Output selected images as automatically numbered filenames in
repeat..done loops (eq. to ´-on´).
-d0 eq. to ´-display0´.
-display0
Display selected images with value normalization off (eq. to
´-d0´).
-dfft eq. to ´-display_fft´.
-display_fft
Display Fourier transform of selected images, with centered
log-module and argument (eq. to ´-dfft´).
-drgba eq. to ´-display_rgba´.
-display_rgba
Render selected RGBA images over a checkerboard background (eq.
to ´-drgba´).
-drgba eq. to ´-display_histogram´.
-display_histogram
_width>0,_height>0,_clusters>0,_max_value>0,_show_axes={ 0 | 1 }
Render a channel-by-channel histogram (eq. to ´-dh´).
** Image creation and drawing :
-text_outline
text,_x[%],_y[%],_font_height>0,_outline>=0,_opacity,_color1,..
Draw specified colored and outlined text string on selected
images.
-histogram_cumul _nb_levels>0,_is_normalized={ 0 | 1 }
Compute cumulative histogram of selected images.
-direction2rgb
Compute RGB representation of selected 2d direction fields.
-vector2tensor
Convert selected vector fields to corresponding diffusion
tensor fields.
-rgb2bayer _start_pattern=0,_color=0
Transform selected color images to RGB-Bayer sampled images.
-bayer2rgb _GM_smoothness,_RB_smoothness1,_RB_smoothness2
Transform selected RGB-Bayer sampled images to color images.
-lic _amplitude>0,_channels>0
Generate LIC representation of vector field.
-gaussian _sigma1[%],_sigma2[%],_angle
Draw a centered gaussian on selected images, with specified
standard deviations and orientation.
** Image filtering :
-blur_x amplitude,_borders={ 0 | 1 }
Blur selected images along the X-axis.
-blur_y amplitude,_borders={ 0 | 1 }
Blur selected images along the Y-axis.
-blur_z amplitude,_borders={ 0 | 1 }
Blur selected images along the Z-axis.
-blur_angular _amplitude,_cx,_cy
Apply angular blur on selected images.
-blur_radial _amplitude,_cx,_cy
Apply radial blur on selected images.
-blur_linear _amplitude1[%],_amplitude2[%],_angle=0,_borders={
0=dirichlet | 1=neumann }
Apply linear blur on selected images, with specified angle and
amplitudes.
-dog _sigma1>=0[%],_sigma2>=0[%]
Compute difference of gaussian on selected images.
-pde_flow _nb_iter>=0,_dt,_velocity_command,_sequence_flag={
0 | 1 }
Apply iterations of a generic PDE flow on selected images.
-heat_flow _nb_iter>=0,_dt,_sequence_flag={ 0 | 1 }
Apply iterations of the heat flow on selected images.
-meancurvature_flow _nb_iter>=0,_dt,_sequence_flag={ 0 | 1 }
Apply iterations of the mean curvature flow on selected images.
-tv_flow _nb_iter>=0,_dt,_sequence_flag={ 0 | 1 }
Apply iterations of the total variation flow on selected
images.
-inpaint_flow _nb_iter1>=0,_nb_iter2>=0,_dt>=0,_alpha,_sigma
Apply iteration of the inpainting flow on selected images.
-remove_hotpixels _mask_size>0, _threshold[%]>0
Remove hot pixels in selected images.
-richardson_lucy
amplitude[%]>=0,_nb_iter>=0,_dt>=0,_regul>=0,_regul_type={ 0=Tikhonov |
1=meancurv. | 2=TV }
Deconvolve image with the iterative Richardson-Lucy algorithm.
-oriented_richardson_lucy
amplitude1[%]>=0,_amplitude2[%]>=0,_angle,_nb_iter>=0,_dt>=0,_regul>=0,_regul_type={
0=Tikhonov | 1=meancurv. | 2=TV }
Deconvolve image with the iterative Richardson-Lucy algorithm
for oriented kernels.
-unsharp _radius[%]>=0,_amount>=0,_threshold[%]>=0
Apply unsharp mask on selected images.
-unsharp_octave
_nb_scales>0,_radius[%]>=0,_amount>=0,threshold[%]>=0
Apply octave sharpening on selected images.
-normalize_local
_amplitude>=0,_radius>0,_n_smooth>=0[%],_a_smooth>=0[%],_cut={ 0 | 1
},_min=0,_max=255
Normalize selected images locally.
-fftpolar
Compute Fourier transform of selected images, as centered
magnitude/phase images.
-ifftpolar
Compute inverse Fourier transform of selected images, from
centered magnitude/phase images.
-convolve_fft
Convolve selected images two-by-two through Fourier transforms.
-deconvolve_fft
Deconvolve selected images two-by-two through Fourier
transforms.
-bandpass _min_freq[%],_max_freq[%]
Apply bandpass filter to selected images.
-split_freq smoothness>0[%]
Split selected images into low and high frequency parts.
-compose_freq
Compose selected low and high frequency parts into new images.
** Contours and variations :
-gradient_norm
Compute gradient norm of selected images.
-gradient_orientation _dimension={1,2,3}
Compute N-D gradient orientation of selected images.
-gradient2rgb _orientation={ 0 | 1 }
Compute RGB representation of 2d gradient of selected images.
-laplacian
Compute Laplacian of selected images.
-inn
Compute gradient-directed 2nd derivative of image(s).
-iee
Compute gradient-orthogonal-directed 2nd derivative of
image(s).
-curvature
Compute isophote curvatures on selected images.
-edges _threshold>=0
Estimate contours of selected images.
-isophotes _nb_levels>0
Render isophotes of selected images on a transparent
background.
-topographic_map _nb_levels>0,_smoothness
Render selected images as topographic maps.
-segment_watershed _threshold>=0
Apply watershed segmentation on selected images.
** Arrays and frames :
-array _M>0,_N>0,_expand_type={0,1,2}
Create MxN array from selected images.
-array_fade
_M>0,_N>0,0<=_fade_start<=100,0<=_fade_end<=100,_expand_type={0,1,2}
Create MxN array from selected images.
-array_mirror _N>=0,_dir={0,1,2},_expand_type={ 0 | 1 }
Create 2^Nx2^N array from selected images.
-array_random _Ms>0,_Ns>0,_Md>0,_Nd>0
Create MdxNd array of tiles from selected MsxNs source arrays.
-array_pattern
_M>0,_N>0,_density>=0,_angle>=0,_zoom>=0,_opacity,_expand_type={0,1,2}
Create random MxN array from selected images.
-taquin _M>0,_N>0
Create MxN taquin puzzle from selected images.
-grid _M>0,_N>0
Create MxN image grid from selected images.
-frame _size_x>=0,_size_y>=0,_R,_G,_B,_A
Insert RGBA-colored frame in selected images.
-frame_fuzzy
_size_x>=0,_size_y>=0,_fuzzyness>=0,_smoothness>=0,_R,_G,_B,_A
Draw RGBA-colored fuzzy frame in selected images.
-frame_round
_sharpness>0,_size>=0,_smoothness,_shade,_R,_G,_B,_A
Draw RGBA-colored round frame in selected images.
-frame_blur _sharpness>0,_size>=0,_smoothness,_shade,_blur
Draw RGBA-colored round frame in selected images.
-rotate_tiles _angle,_M>0,N>0
Apply MxN tiled-rotation effect on selected images.
-shift_tiles _M>0,_N>0,_amplitude
Apply MxN tiled-shift effect on selected images.
-linearize_tiles _M>0,_N>0
Linearize MxN tiles on selected images.
-quadratize_tiles _M>0,_N>0
Quadratize MxN tiles on selected images.
** Artistic effects :
-polaroid _size1>=0,_size2>=0
Create polaroid effect in selected images.
-drop_shadow _offset_x[%],_offset_y[%],_smoothness[%]
Drop shadow behind selected images.
-tetris _scale>0
Apply tetris effect on selected images.
-mosaic _density>=0,_edges={ 0 | 1 }
Create random mosaic from selected images.
-puzzle _scale>=0
Apply puzzle effect on selected images.
-sponge _size>0
Apply sponge effect on selected images.
-hearts _density>=0
Apply heart effect on selected images.
-color_ellipses _count>0,_radius>=0,_opacity>=0
Add random color ellipses to selected images.
-whirls
_texture>=0,_smoothness>=0,_darkness>=0,_lightness>=0
Add random whirl texture to selected images.
-cartoon
_smoothness,_sharpening,_threshold>=0,_thickness>=0,_color>=0,quantization>0
Apply cartoon effect on selected images.
-drawing _amplitude>=0
Apply drawing effect on selected images.
-draw_whirl _amplitude>=0
Apply whirl drawing effect on selected images.
-stencil _radius[%]>=0,_smoothness>=0,_iterations>=0
Apply stencil filter on selected images.
-stencilbw _edges>=0,_smoothness>=0
Apply B&W stencil effect on selected images.
-pencilbw _size>=0,_amplitude>=0
Apply B&W pencil effect on selected images.
-ditheredbw
Create dithered B&W version of selected images.
-dotsbw _nb_scales>=0,_resolution>0,_radius>=0
Apply B&W dots effect on selected images.
-warhol _M>0,_N>0,_smoothness>=0,_color>=0
Create MxN Andy Warhol-like artwork from selected images.
-cubism
_nb_iter>=0,_bloc_size>0,_max_angle,_opacity,_smoothness>=0
Apply cubism effect on selected images.
-glow _amplitude>=0
Add soft glow on selected images.
-old_photo
Apply old photo effect on selected images.
** Spatial warping :
-euclidean2polar _cx,_cx,_n>0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Apply euclidean to polar transform on selected images.
-warp_perspective
_x-angle,_y-angle,_zoom>0,_x-center,_y-center,_borders={ 0=dirichlet |
1=neumann | 2=cyclic }
Warp selected images with perspective deformation.
-polar2euclidean _cx,_cy,_n>0,_borders={ 0=dirichlet | 1=neumann |
2=cyclic }
Apply polar to euclidean transform on selected images.
-water _amplitude>=0,_smoothness>=0
Apply water deformation on selected images.
-wave _amplitude>=0,_frequency>=0,_center_x,_center_y
Apply wave deformation on selected images.
-twirl _amplitude,_cx,_cy,_borders={ 0=dirichlet |
1=neumann | 2=cyclic }
Apply twirl deformation on selected images.
-map_sphere _width>0,_height>0,_radius,_dilation>0
Map selected images on a sphere.
-flower
_amplitude,_frequency,_offset_r[%],_angle,_cx,_cy,_borders={
0=dirichlet | 1=neumann | 2=cyclic }
Apply flower deformation on selected images.
-zoom _factor,_cx,_cy,_cz,_borders={ 0=dirichlet |
1=neumann | 2=cyclic }
Apply zoom factor to selected images.
-deform _amplitude>=0
Apply random smooth deformation on selected images.
-fish_eye _x,_y,0<=_radius<=100,_amplitude>=0
Apply fish-eye deformation on selected images.
-transform_polar
Apply user-defined transform on polar representation of
selected images.
-kaleidoscope _cx,_cy,_radius,_angle,_borders={ 0=dirichlet |
1=neumann | 2=cyclic }
Create kaleidoscope effect from selected images.
** Image degradation :
-spread _dx>=0,_dy>=0,_dz>=0
Spread pixel values of selected images randomly along x,y and
z.
-shade_stripes _frequency>=0,_direction={ 0 | 1
},_darkness>=0,_lightness>=0
Add shade stripes to selected images.
-stripes_y _frequency>=0
Add vertical stripes to selected images.
-shadow_patch _opacity>=0
Add shadow patches to selected images.
-light_patch _density>0,_darkness>=0,_lightness>=0
Add light patches to selected images.
-light_relief
_ambient_light,_specular_light,_specular_size,_darkness,_xl,_yl,_zl,_zscale,_opacity_bumpmap={
0 | 1 }
Apply relief light to selected images.
-noise_hurl _amplitude>=0
Add hurl noise to selected images.
-pixelize _scale_x>0,_scale_y>0,_scale_z>0
Pixelize selected images with specified scales.
-paper
Add paper texture to selected images.
-cracks _density>=0,_amplitude,_relief={ 0 | 1 }
Add random cracks to selected images.
** Color-related filters :
-apply_channels
Apply specified command on chosen normalized channels of each
selected images.
-to_gray
Force selected images to be in GRAY mode.
-to_graya
Force selected images to be in GRAYA mode.
-to_rgb
Force selected images to be in RGB mode.
-to_rgba
Force selected images to be in RGBA mode.
-to_colormode mode={ 0=adaptive | 1=G | 2=GA | 3=RGB | 4=RGBA }
Force selected images to be in a given color mode.
-remove_opacity
Remove opacity channel of selected images.
-select_color _tolerance[%]>=0,col1,..,colN
Select pixels with specified color in selected images.
-replace_color
_tolerance[%]>=0,_smoothness[%]>=0,src1,...,srcN,dest1,...,destN
Replace pixels from/to specified colors in selected images.
-fc eq. to ´-fill_color´.
-fill_color col1,...,colN
Fill selected images with specified color.
-luminance
Compute luminance of selected images.
-mix_rgb a11,a12,a13,a21,a22,a23,a31,a32,a33
Apply 3x3 specified matrix to RGB colors of selected images.
-mix_channels (a00,...,aMN)
Apply specified matrix to channels of selected images.
-solarize
Solarize selected images.
-sepia
Apply sepia tones effect on selected images.
-split_opacity
Split color and opacity parts of selected images.
-red_eye
0<=_threshold<=100,_smoothness>=0,0<=attenuation<=1
Attenuate red-eye effect in selected images.
-rgb2lch
Convert selected images from RGB to Lch color bases.
-lch2rgb
Convert selected images from Lch to RGB color bases.
-lab2lch
Convert selected images from Lab to Lch color bases.
-lch2lab
Convert selected images from Lch to Lab color bases.
** Image fading and composition :
-fade_x 0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create horizontal fading from selected images.
-fade_y 0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create vertical fading from selected images.
-fade_z 0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create transversal fading from selected images.
-fade_radial 0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create radial fading from selected images.
-fade_diamond 0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create diamond fading from selected images.
-fade_linear _angle,0<=_start<=100,0<=_end<=100
Create linear fading from selected images.
-compose_rgba
Compose selected RGBA images two-by-two, over RGB background.
-compose_channels
Compose all channels of each selected image, using specified
arithmetic operator (+,-,or,min,...).
-compose_average
Compose selected images two-by-two, using average mode.
-compose_multiply
Compose selected images two-by-two, using multiply mode.
-compose_screen
Compose selected images two-by-two, using screen mode.
-compose_darken
Compose selected images two-by-two, using darken mode.
-compose_lighten
Compose selected images two-by-two, using lighten mode.
-compose_difference
Compose selected images two-by-two, using difference mode.
-compose_negation
Compose selected images two-by-two, using negation mode.
-compose_exclusion
Compose selected images two-by-two, using exclusion mode.
-compose_overlay
Compose selected images two-by-two, using overlay mode.
-compose_hardlight
Compose selected images two-by-two, using hard light mode.
-compose_softlight
Compose selected images two-by-two, using soft light mode.
-compose_dodge
Compose selected images two-by-two, using dodge mode.
-compose_colorburn
Compose selected images two-by-two, using color burn mode.
-compose_reflect
Compose selected images two-by-two, using reflect mode.
-compose_freeze
Compose selected images two-by-two, using freeze mode.
-compose_stamp
Compose selected images two-by-two, using stamp mode.
-compose_interpolation
Compose selected images two-by-two, using interpolation mode.
-compose_xor
Compose selected images two-by-two, using xor mode.
-compose_edges _smoothness
Compose selected images togethers using edge composition.
-compose_fade
Compose selected images togethers using a given fading (defined
as the latest image).
-compose_shapeaverage
Compose selected images two-by-two, using shape average mode.
** Motion-related and video processing :
-cross_correlation
Compute cross-correlation using two-by-two selected images.
-normalized_cross_correlation
Compute normalized cross-correlation using two-by-two selected
images.
-phase_correlation
Estimate translation vector using two-by-two selected images.
-morph nb_frames>0,_smoothness>=0,_precision>0
Create morphing sequence between selected images.
-register_nonrigid _smoothness>=0,_precision>0,_nb_scale>=0
Register selected images with non-rigid warp.
-register_rigid _smoothness>=0
Register selected images with rigid warp.
-deinterlace _method={ 0 | 1 }
Deinterlace selected images (´method´ can be { 0=standard or
1=motion-compensated }).
-animate
filter_name,(params_start;..;..),(params_end;..;..),nb_frames>=0,_output_frames={
0 | 1 },_filename
Animate filter from starting parameters to ending parameters.
** 3d-related filters :
-apply_pose3d p1,..,p12
Apply 3d pose matrix to selected 3d objects.
-animate3d _width>0,_height>0,_dx,_dy,_dz,_zoom>=0,_filename
Animate selected 3d objects in a window.
-imagecube3d
Create 3d mapped cubes from selected images.
-imagepyramid3d
Create 3d mapped pyramides from selected images.
-text3d text,_font_height>0,_depth>0,_smoothness
Create a 3d text object from specified text.
-gmic3d
Create a 3d G´MIC logo.
-snapshot3d _size>0,_zoom>=0
Create 2d snapshots of selected 3d objects.
Set ´zoom´ to 0 to disable object auto-scaling.
** Interactive demos :
-x_mandelbrot _julia={ 0 | 1 },_c0r,_c0i
Launch Mandelbrot/Julia explorer.
-x_fish_eye
Launch fish-eye demo.
-x_spline
Launch spline curve ditor.
-x_tictactoe
Launch tic-tac-toe game.
-x_fourier
Launch Fourier filtering demo.
-x_life
Launch the Life Game.
-x_fire
Launch fire demo.
Examples of use
---------------
´gmic´ is a generic image processing tool which can be used in a wide
variety of situations.
Here are few examples of possible uses :
- View a list of images :
gmic file1.bmp file2.jpeg
- Convert an image file :
gmic input.bmp -o output.jpg
- Create a volumetric image from a movie sequence :
gmic input.mpg -a z -o output.hdr
- Compute image gradient norm :
gmic input.bmp -gradient_norm
- Denoise a color image :
gmic image.jpg -denoise 30,10 -o denoised.jpg
- Compose two images using overlay fading :
gmic image1.jpg image2.jpg -compose_overlay -o composed.jpg
- Evaluate a mathematical expression :
gmic -e
- Plot a 2d function :
gmic 1000,1,1,2 -f
- Plot a 3d elevated function in random colors:
gmic 128,128,1,3,
128,128,1,1,
-elevation3d[-2] [-1] -rm[-1]
- Plot the isosurface of a 3d volume :
gmic -m3d 5 -md3d 5 -db3d 0 -isosurface3d
- Create a G´MIC 3d logo :
gmic 180,70,1,3 -text G\’MIC,30,5,57,1,1 -blur 2 -n 0,100 --plasma
0.4 -+ -blur 1 -elevation3d -0.1 -md3d 4
- Create a 3d ring of torii :
gmic -repeat 20 -torus3d 15,2 -col3d[-1]
-*3d[-1] 0.5,1 -if
-rot3d 0,0,1,18 -done -md3d 3 -m3d 5 -db3d 0
- Create a vase from a 3d isosurface :
gmic -md3d 4 -isosurface3d
--3d[-1] 0,5 -plane3d 15,15 -rot3d[-1] 1,0,0,90 -c3d[-1] -+3d[-1]
0,3.2 -col3d[-1] 180,150,255 -col3d[-2] 128,255,0 -col3d[-3]
255,128,0 -+3d
- Launch a set of G´MIC interactive demos :
gmic -x_fish_eye -x_fire G\’MIC -x_tictactoe -rm -x_spline
-x_mandelbrot 0 -x_life
** G´MIC comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details visit
http://gmic.sourceforge.net **
Wed Jun 16 16:18:23 CEST 2010 G’MIC(1)