NAME
geninfo - Generate tracefiles from .da files
SYNOPSIS
geninfo [-h|--help] [-v|--version] [-q|--quiet]
[-i|--initial] [-t|--test-name test-name]
[-o|--output-filename filename] [-f|--follow]
[-b|--base-directory directory]
[--checksum] [--no-checksum]
[--compat-libtool] [--no-compat-libtool]
[--gcov-tool tool] [--ignore-errors errors]
[--no-recursion] directory
DESCRIPTION
geninfo converts all GCOV coverage data files found in directory into
tracefiles, which the genhtml tool can convert to HTML output.
Unless the --output-filename option is specified, geninfo writes its
output to one file per .da file, the name of which is generated by
simply appending ".info" to the respective .da file name.
Note that the current user needs write access to both directory as well
as to the original source code location. This is necessary because some
temporary files have to be created there during the conversion process.
Note also that geninfo is called from within lcov, so that there is
usually no need to call it directly.
Exclusion markers
To exclude specific lines of code from a tracefile, you can add
exclusion markers to the source code. Exclusion markers are keywords
which can for example be added in the form of a comment.
The following markers are recognized by geninfo:
LCOV_EXCL_LINE
Lines containing this marker will be excluded.
LCOV_EXCL_START
Marks the beginning of an excluded section. The current line is
part of this section.
LCOV_EXCL_STOP
Marks the end of an excluded section. The current line not part
of this section.
OPTIONS
-b directory
--base-directory directory
Use directory as base directory for relative paths.
Use this option to specify the base directory of a
build-environment when geninfo produces error messages like:
ERROR: could not read source file
/home/user/project/subdir1/subdir2/subdir1/subdir2/file.c
In this example, use /home/user/project as base directory.
This option is required when using geninfo on projects built
with libtool or similar build environments that work with a base
directory, i.e. environments, where the current working
directory when invoking the compiler is not the same directory
in which the source code file is located.
Note that this option will not work in environments where
multiple base directories are used. In that case repeat the
geninfo call for each base directory while using the
--ignore-errors option to prevent geninfo from exiting when the
first source code file could not be found. This way you can get
partial coverage information for each base directory which can
then be combined using the -a option.
--checksum
--no-checksum
Specify whether to generate checksum data when writing
tracefiles.
Use --checksum to enable checksum generation or --no-checksum to
disable it. Checksum generation is disabled by default.
When checksum generation is enabled, a checksum will be
generated for each source code line and stored along with the
coverage data. This checksum will be used to prevent attempts to
combine coverage data from different source code versions.
If you don’t work with different source code versions, disable
this option to speed up coverage data processing and to reduce
the size of tracefiles.
--compat-libtool
--no-compat-libtool
Specify whether to enable libtool compatibility mode.
Use --compat-libtool to enable libtool compatibility mode or
--no-compat-libtool to disable it. The libtool compatibility
mode is enabled by default.
When libtool compatibility mode is enabled, geninfo will assume
that the source code relating to a .da file located in a
directory named ".libs" can be found in its parent directory.
If you have directories named ".libs" in your build environment
but don’t use libtool, disable this option to prevent problems
when capturing coverage data.
-f
--follow
Follow links when searching .da files.
--gcov-tool tool
Specify the location of the gcov tool.
-h
--help
Print a short help text, then exit.
--ignore-errors errors
Specify a list of errors after which to continue processing.
Use this option to specify a list of one or more classes of
errors after which geninfo should continue processing instead of
aborting.
errors can be a comma-separated list of the following keywords:
gcov: the gcov tool returned with a non-zero return code.
source: the source code file for a data set could not be found.
-i
--initial
Capture initial zero coverage data.
Run geninfo with this option on the directories containing .bb,
.bbg or .gcno files before running any test case. The result is
a "baseline" coverage data file that contains zero coverage for
every instrumented line and function. Combine this data file
(using lcov -a) with coverage data files captured after a test
run to ensure that the percentage of total lines covered is
correct even when not all object code files were loaded during
the test.
Note: currently, the --initial option does not generate branch
coverage information.
--no-recursion
Use this option if you want to get coverage data for the
specified directory only without processing subdirectories.
-o output-filename
--output-filename output-filename
Write all data to output-filename.
If you want to have all data written to a single file (for
easier handling), use this option to specify the respective
filename. By default, one tracefile will be created for each
processed .da file.
-q
--quiet
Do not print progress messages.
Suppresses all informational progress output. When this switch
is enabled, only error or warning messages are printed.
-t testname
--test-name testname
Use test case name testname for resulting data. Valid test case
names can consist of letters, decimal digits and the underscore
character (’_’).
This proves useful when data from several test cases is merged
(i.e. by simply concatenating the respective tracefiles) in
which case a test name can be used to differentiate between data
from each test case.
-v
--version
Print version number, then exit.
FILES
/etc/lcovrc
The system-wide configuration file.
~/.lcovrc
The per-user configuration file.
Following is a quick description of the tracefile format as used by
genhtml, geninfo and lcov.
A tracefile is made up of several human-readable lines of text, divided
into sections. If available, a tracefile begins with the testname which
is stored in the following format:
TN:<test name>
For each source file referenced in the .da file, there is a section
containing filename and coverage data:
SF:<absolute path to the source file>
Following is a list of line numbers for each function name found in the
source file:
FN:<line number of function start>,<function name>
Next, there is a list of execution counts for each instrumented
function:
FNDA:<execution count>,<function name>
This list is followed by two lines containing the number of functions
found and hit:
FNF:<number of functions found>
FNH:<number of function hit>
Branch coverage information is stored which one line per branch:
BRDA:<line number>,<block number>,<branch number>,<taken>
Block number and branch number are gcc internal IDs for the branch.
Taken is either ’-’ if the basic block containing the branch was never
executed or a number indicating how often that branch was taken.
Branch coverage summaries are stored in two lines:
BRF:<number of branches found>
BRH:<number of branches hit>
Then there is a list of execution counts for each instrumented line
(i.e. a line which resulted in executable code):
DA:<line number>,<execution count>[,<checksum>]
Note that there may be an optional checksum present for each
instrumented line. The current geninfo implementation uses an MD5 hash
as checksumming algorithm.
At the end of a section, there is a summary about how many lines were
found and how many were actually instrumented:
LH:<number of lines with a non-zero execution count>
LF:<number of instrumented lines>
Each sections ends with:
end_of_record
In addition to the main source code file there are sections for all
#included files which also contain executable code.
Note that the absolute path of a source file is generated by
interpreting the contents of the respective .bb file (see gcov (1) for
more information on this file type). Relative filenames are prefixed
with the directory in which the .bb file is found.
Note also that symbolic links to the .bb file will be resolved so that
the actual file path is used instead of the path to a link. This
approach is necessary for the mechanism to work with the /proc/gcov
files.
AUTHOR
Peter Oberparleiter <Peter.Oberparleiter@de.ibm.com>
SEE ALSO
lcov(1), genhtml(1), genpng(1), gendesc(1), gcov(1)