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NAME

       CREATE DATABASE - create a new database

SYNOPSIS

       CREATE DATABASE name
           [ [ WITH ] [ OWNER [=] dbowner ]
                  [ TEMPLATE [=] template ]
                  [ ENCODING [=] encoding ]
                  [ LC_COLLATE [=] lc_collate ]
                  [ LC_CTYPE [=] lc_ctype ]
                  [ TABLESPACE [=] tablespace ]
                  [ CONNECTION LIMIT [=] connlimit ] ]

DESCRIPTION

       CREATE DATABASE creates a new PostgreSQL database.

       To  create  a  database,  you  must  be a superuser or have the special
       CREATEDB privilege.  See CREATE USER [create_user(7)].

       Normally,  the  creator  becomes  the  owner  of  the   new   database.
       Superusers  can  create  databases  owned  by other users, by using the
       OWNER clause. They can even create databases owned  by  users  with  no
       special  privileges.  Non-superusers  with  CREATEDB privilege can only
       create databases owned by themselves.

       By default, the new database will be created by  cloning  the  standard
       system  database  template1.  A  different template can be specified by
       writing TEMPLATE name. In particular, by  writing  TEMPLATE  template0,
       you  can  create a virgin database containing only the standard objects
       predefined by your version of PostgreSQL. This is useful if you wish to
       avoid copying any installation-local objects that might have been added
       to template1.

PARAMETERS

       name   The name of a database to create.

       dbowner
              The name of the database user who will own the new database,  or
              DEFAULT  to  use  the  default  (namely,  the user executing the
              command).

       template
              The name of the template from which to create the new  database,
              or DEFAULT to use the default template (template1).

       encoding
              Character  set  encoding  to  use in the new database. Specify a
              string constant (e.g.,  ’SQL_ASCII’),  or  an  integer  encoding
              number,  or  DEFAULT  to  use  the default encoding (namely, the
              encoding of the template database). The character sets supported
              by  the PostgreSQL server are described in in the documentation.
              See below for additional restrictions.

       lc_collate
              Collation order (LC_COLLATE) to use in the new  database.   This
              affects  the sort order applied to strings, e.g. in queries with
              ORDER BY, as well as the order used in indexes on text  columns.
              The  default  is  to  use  the  collation  order of the template
              database.  See below for additional restrictions.

       lc_ctype
              Character classification (LC_CTYPE) to use in the new  database.
              This affects the categorization of characters, e.g. lower, upper
              and digit. The default is to use the character classification of
              the template database. See below for additional restrictions.

       tablespace
              The  name of the tablespace that will be associated with the new
              database, or DEFAULT to use the template database’s  tablespace.
              This  tablespace will be the default tablespace used for objects
              created   in    this    database.    See    CREATE    TABLESPACE
              [create_tablespace(7)] for more information.

       connlimit
              How many concurrent connections can be made to this database. -1
              (the default) means no limit.

       Optional parameters can be written in any order,  not  only  the  order
       illustrated above.

NOTES

       CREATE DATABASE cannot be executed inside a transaction block.

       Errors  along  the  line of ‘‘could not initialize database directory’’
       are most  likely  related  to  insufficient  permissions  on  the  data
       directory, a full disk, or other file system problems.

       Use DROP DATABASE [drop_database(7)] to remove a database.

       The  program  createdb  [createdb(1)]  is a wrapper program around this
       command, provided for convenience.

       Although it is possible to copy a  database  other  than  template1  by
       specifying  its  name  as the template, this is not (yet) intended as a
       general-purpose ‘‘COPY DATABASE’’ facility.  The  principal  limitation
       is  that  no  other  sessions can be connected to the template database
       while it is being copied.  CREATE  DATABASE  will  fail  if  any  other
       connection  exists  when  it  starts; otherwise, new connections to the
       template database are locked out until CREATE DATABASE completes.   See
       in the documentation for more information.

       The  character  set  encoding  specified  for  the new database must be
       compatible with the chosen locale settings (LC_COLLATE  and  LC_CTYPE).
       If  the  locale  is  C  (or equivalently POSIX), then all encodings are
       allowed, but for other locale settings there is only one encoding  that
       will  work  properly.  (On Windows, however, UTF-8 encoding can be used
       with any locale.)  CREATE DATABASE will  allow  superusers  to  specify
       SQL_ASCII  encoding  regardless of the locale settings, but this choice
       is  deprecated  and  may  result  in  misbehavior  of  character-string
       functions  if  data  that is not encoding-compatible with the locale is
       stored in the database.

       The encoding and locale settings  must  match  those  of  the  template
       database,  except  when  template0 is used as template. This is because
       other databases might contain data that does not  match  the  specified
       encoding,  or  might contain indexes whose sort ordering is affected by
       LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE. Copying such data would result in  a  database
       that  is corrupt according to the new settings.  template0, however, is
       known to not contain any data or indexes that would be affected.

       The CONNECTION LIMIT option is only enforced approximately; if two  new
       sessions start at about the same time when just one connection ‘‘slot’’
       remains for the database, it is possible that both will fail. Also, the
       limit is not enforced against superusers.

EXAMPLES

       To create a new database:

       CREATE DATABASE lusiadas;

       To  create  a  database  sales  owned  by  user salesapp with a default
       tablespace of salesspace:

       CREATE DATABASE sales OWNER salesapp TABLESPACE salesspace;

       To create a database music which supports the ISO-8859-1 character set:

       CREATE DATABASE music ENCODING ’LATIN1’ TEMPLATE template0;

       In  this  example, the TEMPLATE template0 clause would only be required
       if template1’s encoding is not ISO-8859-1.  Note that changing encoding
       might require selecting new LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE settings as well.

COMPATIBILITY

       There  is  no  CREATE DATABASE statement in the SQL standard. Databases
       are equivalent to catalogs, whose creation is implementation-defined.

SEE ALSO

       ALTER DATABASE [alter_database(7)], DROP DATABASE [drop_database(7)]