NAME
scalbln, scalblnf, scalblnl, scalbn, scalbnf, scalbnl - compute
exponent using FLT_RADIX
SYNOPSIS
#include <math.h>
double scalbln(double x, long n);
float scalblnf(float x, long n);
long double scalblnl(long double x, long n);
double scalbn(double x, int n);
float scalbnf(float x, int n);
long double scalbnl(long double x, int n);
DESCRIPTION
These functions shall compute x * FLT_RADIX**n efficiently, not
normally by computing FLT_RADIX**n explicitly.
An application wishing to check for error situations should set errno
to zero and call feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these
functions. On return, if errno is non-zero or fetestexcept(FE_INVALID
| FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is non-zero, an error has
occurred.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return
x * FLT_RADIX**n.
If the result would cause overflow, a range error shall occur and these
functions shall return ±HUGE_VAL, ±HUGE_VALF, and ±HUGE_VALL (according
to the sign of x) as appropriate for the return type of the function.
If the correct value would cause underflow, and is not representable, a
range error may occur, and either 0.0 (if supported), or an
implementation-defined value shall be returned.
If x is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.
If x is ±0 or ±Inf, x shall be returned.
If n is 0, x shall be returned.
If the correct value would cause underflow, and is representable, a
range error may occur and the correct value shall be returned.
ERRORS
These functions shall fail if:
Range Error
The result overflows.
If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression
(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the overflow
floating-point exception shall be raised.
These functions may fail if:
Range Error
The result underflows.
If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression
(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the underflow
floating-point exception shall be raised.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
On error, the expressions (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) and
(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of each other, but
at least one of them must be non-zero.
RATIONALE
These functions are named so as to avoid conflicting with the
historical definition of the scalb() function from the Single UNIX
Specification. The difference is that the scalb() function has a
second argument of double instead of int. The scalb() function is not
part of the ISO C standard. The three functions whose second type is
long are provided because the factor required to scale from the
smallest positive floating-point value to the largest finite one, on
many implementations, is too large to represent in the minimum-width
int format.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
feclearexcept() , fetestexcept() , scalb() , the Base Definitions
volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 4.18, Treatment of Error
Conditions for Mathematical Functions, <math.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .