NAME
erfc, erfcf, erfcl - complementary error functions
SYNOPSIS
#include <math.h>
double erfc(double x);
float erfcf(float x);
long double erfcl(long double x);
DESCRIPTION
These functions shall compute the complementary error function 1.0 -
erf(x).
An application wishing to check for error situations should set errno
to zero and call feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these
functions. On return, if errno is non-zero or fetestexcept(FE_INVALID
| FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is non-zero, an error has
occurred.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the value of
the complementary error function.
If the correct value would cause underflow and is not representable, a
range error may occur and either 0.0 (if representable), or an
implementation-defined value shall be returned.
If x is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.
If x is ±0, +1 shall be returned.
If x is -Inf, +2 shall be returned.
If x is +Inf, +0 shall be returned.
If the correct value would cause underflow and is representable, a
range error may occur and the correct value shall be returned.
ERRORS
These functions may fail if:
Range Error
The result underflows.
If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression
(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the underflow
floating-point exception shall be raised.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
The erfc() function is provided because of the extreme loss of relative
accuracy if erf(x) is called for large x and the result subtracted from
1.0.
Note for IEEE Std 754-1985 double, 26.55 < x implies erfc( x) has
underflowed.
On error, the expressions (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) and
(math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of each other, but
at least one of them must be non-zero.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
erf() , feclearexcept() , fetestexcept() , isnan() , the Base
Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 4.18, Treatment of
Error Conditions for Mathematical Functions, <math.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .