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NAME

       ldap_bind,     ldap_bind_s,    ldap_simple_bind,    ldap_simple_bind_s,
       ldap_sasl_bind,     ldap_sasl_bind_s,     ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s,
       ldap_parse_sasl_bind_result,         ldap_unbind,        ldap_unbind_s,
       ldap_unbind_ext, ldap_unbind_ext_s, ldap_set_rebind_proc  -  LDAP  bind
       routines

LIBRARY

       OpenLDAP LDAP (libldap, -lldap)

SYNOPSIS

       #include <ldap.h>

       int ldap_bind(LDAP *ld, const char *who, const char *cred,
              int method);

       int ldap_bind_s(LDAP *ld, const char *who, const char *cred,
              int method);

       int ldap_simple_bind(LDAP *ld, const char *who, const char *passwd);

       int ldap_simple_bind_s(LDAP *ld, const char *who, const char *passwd);

       int ldap_sasl_bind(LDAP *ld, const char *dn, const char *mechanism,
              struct berval *cred, LDAPControl *sctrls[],
              LDAPControl *cctrls[], int *msgidp);

       int ldap_sasl_bind_s(LDAP *ld, const char *dn, const char *mechanism,
              struct berval *cred, LDAPControl *sctrls[],
              LDAPControl *cctrls[], struct berval **servercredp);

       int ldap_parse_sasl_bind_result(LDAP *ld, LDAPMessage *res,
              struct berval **servercredp, int freeit);

       int ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s(LDAP *ld, const char *dn,
              const char *mechs,
              LDAPControl *sctrls[], LDAPControl *cctrls[],
              unsigned flags, LDAP_SASL_INTERACT_PROC *interact,
              void *defaults);

       int (LDAP_SASL_INTERACT_PROC)(LDAP *ld, unsigned flags, void *defaults, void *sasl_interact);

       int ldap_unbind(LDAP *ld);

       int ldap_unbind_s(LDAP *ld);

       int ldap_unbind_ext(LDAP *ld, LDAPControl *sctrls[],
              LDAPControl *cctrls[]);

       int ldap_unbind_ext_s(LDAP *ld, LDAPControl *sctrls[],
              LDAPControl *cctrls[]);

       int ldap_set_rebind_proc (LDAP *ld, LDAP_REBIND_PROC *ldap_proc, void *params);

       int (LDAP_REBIND_PROC)(LDAP *ld, LDAP_CONST char *url, ber_tag_t request, ber_int_t msgid, void *params);

DESCRIPTION

       These  routines  provide various interfaces to the LDAP bind operation.
       After an association with an LDAP server is made using ldap_init(3), an
       LDAP  bind  operation  should  be performed before other operations are
       attempted over the connection.  An LDAP bind  is  required  when  using
       Version  2  of  the  LDAP protocol; it is optional for Version 3 but is
       usually needed due to security considerations.

       There  are  three  types  of  bind   calls,   ones   providing   simple
       authentication,   ones   providing  SASL  authentication,  and  general
       routines capable of doing either simple or SASL authentication.

       SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) that can negotiate  one
       of  many  different  kinds  of  authentication.   Both  synchronous and
       asynchronous versions of each variant of the bind  call  are  provided.
       All  routines  take  ld  as  their  first  parameter,  as returned from
       ldap_init(3).

SIMPLE AUTHENTICATION

       The simplest form of the bind call is ldap_simple_bind_s().   It  takes
       the  DN  to  bind  as  in who, and the userPassword associated with the
       entry  in  passwd.   It  returns  an   LDAP   error   indication   (see
       ldap_error(3)).   The  ldap_simple_bind()  call is asynchronous, taking
       the  same  parameters  but  only  initiating  the  bind  operation  and
       returning  the  message  id  of the request it sent.  The result of the
       operation can be obtained by a subsequent call to ldap_result(3).

GENERAL AUTHENTICATION

       The ldap_bind()  and  ldap_bind_s()  routines  can  be  used  when  the
       authentication  method  to  use  needs to be selected at runtime.  They
       both take an extra method parameter selecting the authentication method
       to  use.   It  should  be  set  to  LDAP_AUTH_SIMPLE  to  select simple
       authentication.  ldap_bind() returns the message id of the  request  it
       initiates.  ldap_bind_s() returns an LDAP error indication.

SASL AUTHENTICATION

       For  SASL  binds  the  server always ignores any provided DN, so the dn
       parameter should always be NULL.   ldap_sasl_bind_s()  sends  a  single
       SASL  bind request with the given SASL mechanism and credentials in the
       cred parameter. The format of the credentials depends on the particular
       SASL   mechanism   in   use.   For   mechanisms   that  provide  mutual
       authentication  the  server's  credentials  will  be  returned  in  the
       servercredp  parameter.   The  routine returns an LDAP error indication
       (see ldap_error(3)).  The ldap_sasl_bind() call is asynchronous, taking
       the  same  parameters  but  only  sending the request and returning the
       message id of the request it sent. The result of the operation  can  be
       obtained  by  a  subsequent call to ldap_result(3).  The result must be
       additionally parsed  by  ldap_parse_sasl_bind_result()  to  obtain  any
       server credentials sent from the server.

       Many  SASL  mechanisms  require multiple message exchanges to perform a
       complete   authentication.   Applications    should    generally    use
       ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s()    rather   than   calling   the   basic
       ldap_sasl_bind() functions directly. The mechs parameter should contain
       a  space-separated  list  of  candidate  mechanisms  to  use.  If  this
       parameter   is   NULL   or   empty   the   library   will   query   the
       supportedSASLMechanisms  attribute  from  the  server's rootDSE for the
       list of SASL  mechanisms  the  server  supports.  The  flags  parameter
       controls   the   interaction   used  to  retrieve  any  necessary  SASL
       authentication parameters and should be one of:

       LDAP_SASL_AUTOMATIC
              use defaults if available, prompt otherwise

       LDAP_SASL_INTERACTIVE
              always prompt

       LDAP_SASL_QUIET
              never prompt

       The interact function uses the provided  defaults  to  handle  requests
       from  the  SASL library for particular authentication parameters. There
       is no defined format for the defaults information;  it  is  up  to  the
       caller  to use whatever format is appropriate for the supplied interact
       function.  The sasl_interact parameter comes from the  underlying  SASL
       library.  When used with Cyrus SASL this is an array of sasl_interact_t
       structures. The Cyrus SASL library will prompt for a variety of inputs,
       including:

       SASL_CB_GETREALM
              the realm for the authentication attempt

       SASL_CB_AUTHNAME
              the username to authenticate

       SASL_CB_PASS
              the password for the provided username

       SASL_CB_USER
              the username to use for proxy authorization

       SASL_CB_NOECHOPROMPT
              generic prompt for input with input echoing disabled

       SASL_CB_ECHOPROMPT
              generic prompt for input with input echoing enabled

       SASL_CB_LIST_END
              indicates the end of the array of prompts

       See the Cyrus SASL documentation for more details.

REBINDING

       The ldap_set_rebind_proc function() sets the process to use for binding
       when an operation returns a referral. This function  is  used  when  an
       application  needs  to  bind  to  another  server  in order to follow a
       referral or search continuation reference.

       The function takes  ld,  the  rebind  function,  and  the  params,  the
       arbitrary  data  like  state information which the client might need to
       properly rebind.  The LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS option in the ld must  be  set
       to   ON  for  the  libraries  to  use  the  rebind  function.  Use  the
       ldap_set_option function to set the value.

       The rebind function parameters are as follows:

       The ld parameter must be used by the application when  binding  to  the
       referred  server  if  the application wants the libraries to follow the
       referral.

       The url parameter points to the URL referral string received  from  the
       LDAP  server.   The  LDAP  application  can  use  the ldap_url_parse(3)
       function to parse the string into its components.

       The request parameter specifies the type of request that generated  the
       referral.

       The  msgid parameter specifies the message ID of the request generating
       the referral.

       The params parameter is the same value  as  passed  originally  to  the
       ldap_set_rebind_proc() function.

       The  LDAP  libraries  set  all the parameters when they call the rebind
       function. The application should not attempt to free either the  ld  or
       the url structures in the rebind function.

       The  application  must  supply  to  the  rebind  function  the required
       authentication  information  such  as,   user   name,   password,   and
       certificates. The rebind function must use a synchronous bind method.

UNBINDING

       The  ldap_unbind() call is used to unbind from the directory, terminate
       the current association, and free the resources  contained  in  the  ld
       structure.   Once  it  is  called, the connection to the LDAP server is
       closed, and the ld structure is invalid.  The ldap_unbind_s()  call  is
       just   another   name  for  ldap_unbind();  both  of  these  calls  are
       synchronous in nature.

       The ldap_unbind_ext() and ldap_unbind_ext_s() allows the operations  to
       specify  controls.

ERRORS

       Asynchronous  routines  will  return  -1  in case of error, setting the
       ld_errno parameter of the ld structure.   Synchronous  routines  return
       whatever ld_errno is set to.  See ldap_error(3) for more information.

NOTES

       If  an  anonymous  bind  is  sufficient for the application, the rebind
       process  need  not  be  provided.   The   LDAP   libraries   with   the
       LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS  option set to ON (default value) will automatically
       follow referrals using an anonymous bind.

       If the application needs  stronger  authentication  than  an  anonymous
       bind,  you  need  to  provide  a rebind process for that authentication
       method.  The bind method must be synchronous.

SEE ALSO

       ldap(3),     ldap_error(3),      ldap_open(3),      ldap_set_option(3),
       ldap_url_parse(3)  RFC  4422  (http://www.rfc-editor.org),  Cyrus  SASL
       (http://asg.web.cmu.edu/sasl/)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

       OpenLDAP Software is developed and maintained by The  OpenLDAP  Project
       <http://www.openldap.org/>.    OpenLDAP   Software   is   derived  from
       University of Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.