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NAME

       im_stdif, im_stdif_raw - statistical differentiation of an image

SYNOPSIS

       #include <vips/vips.h>

       int im_stdif(in, out, a, m0, b, s0, xw, yw)
       IMAGE *in, *out;
       double a, m0, b, s0;
       int xw, yw;

       int im_stdif_raw(in, out, a, m0, b, s0, xw, yw)
       IMAGE *in, *out;
       double a, m0, b, s0;
       int xw, yw;

DESCRIPTION

       im_stdif()  preforms  statistical differencing according to the formula
       given in page  45  of  the  book  "An  Introduction  to  Digital  Image
       Processing" by Wayne Niblack. This transformation emphasises the way in
       which a pel differs statistically from its neighbours. It is useful for
       enhancing  low-contrast  images  with  lots  of  detail,  such as X-ray
       plates.

       At point (i,j) the output is given by the eqn:

         vout(i,j) = a*m0 + (1-a)*meanv +
                 (vin(i,j) - meanv) * (b*s0) / (s0+b*stdv)

       Values a, m0, b and s0 are entered, while meanv and stdv are the values
       calculated  over a moving window of size xw, yw centred on pixel (i,j).
       m0 is the new mean, a is the weight given to it. s0 is the new standard
       deviation, b is the weight given to it. Try:

         im_stdif $VIPSHOME/pics/huysum.v fred.v 0.5 128 0.5 50 11 11

       The  opreation  works  on one-band UCHAR images only, and writes a one-
       band UCHAR image as its result. The output image has the same  size  as
       the input - a black border is added to mark uncomputable pixels.

       im_stdif_raw()  behaves  exactly  as  im_stdif(),  but does not add the
       border of black pixels.

RETURN VALUE

       All functions returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

SEE ALSO

       im_lhisteq(3), im_histgr(3), im_hsp(3), im_heq(3).

COPYRIGHT

       1991-1996, The National Gallery and Birkbeck College

                                  10 May 1991