NAME
archive_read_new, archive_read_set_filter_options,
archive_read_set_format_options, archive_read_set_options,
archive_read_support_compression_all,
archive_read_support_compression_bzip2,
archive_read_support_compression_compress,
archive_read_support_compression_gzip,
archive_read_support_compression_lzma,
archive_read_support_compression_none,
archive_read_support_compression_xz,
archive_read_support_compression_program,
archive_read_support_compression_program_signature,
archive_read_support_format_all, archive_read_support_format_ar,
archive_read_support_format_cpio, archive_read_support_format_empty,
archive_read_support_format_iso9660, archive_read_support_format_mtree,
archive_read_support_format_raw, archive_read_support_format_tar,
archive_read_support_format_zip, archive_read_open, archive_read_open2,
archive_read_open_fd, archive_read_open_FILE, archive_read_open_filename,
archive_read_open_memory, archive_read_next_header,
archive_read_next_header2, archive_read_data, archive_read_data_block,
archive_read_data_skip, archive_read_data_into_buffer,
archive_read_data_into_fd, archive_read_extract, archive_read_extract2,
archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback, archive_read_close,
archive_read_finish - functions for reading streaming archives
SYNOPSIS
#include <archive.h>
struct archive *
archive_read_new(void);
int
archive_read_support_compression_all(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_bzip2(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_compress(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_gzip(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_lzma(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_none(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_xz(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_compression_program(struct archive *,
const char *cmd);
int
archive_read_support_compression_program_signature(struct archive *,
const char *cmd, const void *signature, size_t signature_length);
int
archive_read_support_format_all(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_ar(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_cpio(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_empty(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_iso9660(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_mtree(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_raw(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_tar(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_support_format_zip(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_set_filter_options(struct archive *, const char *);
int
archive_read_set_format_options(struct archive *, const char *);
int
archive_read_set_options(struct archive *, const char *);
int
archive_read_open(struct archive *, void *client_data,
archive_open_callback *, archive_read_callback *,
archive_close_callback *);
int
archive_read_open2(struct archive *, void *client_data,
archive_open_callback *, archive_read_callback *,
archive_skip_callback *, archive_close_callback *);
int
archive_read_open_FILE(struct archive *, FILE *file);
int
archive_read_open_fd(struct archive *, int fd, size_t block_size);
int
archive_read_open_filename(struct archive *, const char *filename,
size_t block_size);
int
archive_read_open_memory(struct archive *, void *buff, size_t size);
int
archive_read_next_header(struct archive *, struct archive_entry **);
int
archive_read_next_header2(struct archive *, struct archive_entry *);
ssize_t
archive_read_data(struct archive *, void *buff, size_t len);
int
archive_read_data_block(struct archive *, const void **buff, size_t *len,
off_t *offset);
int
archive_read_data_skip(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_data_into_buffer(struct archive *, void *, ssize_t len);
int
archive_read_data_into_fd(struct archive *, int fd);
int
archive_read_extract(struct archive *, struct archive_entry *,
int flags);
int
archive_read_extract2(struct archive *src, struct archive_entry *,
struct archive *dest);
void
archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback(struct archive *,
void (*func)(void *), void *user_data);
int
archive_read_close(struct archive *);
int
archive_read_finish(struct archive *);
DESCRIPTION
These functions provide a complete API for reading streaming archives.
The general process is to first create the struct archive object, set
options, initialize the reader, iterate over the archive headers and
associated data, then close the archive and release all resources. The
following summary describes the functions in approximately the order they
would be used:
archive_read_new()
Allocates and initializes a struct archive object suitable for
reading from an archive.
archive_read_support_compression_bzip2(),
archive_read_support_compression_compress(),
archive_read_support_compression_gzip(),
archive_read_support_compression_lzma(),
archive_read_support_compression_none(),
archive_read_support_compression_xz()
Enables auto-detection code and decompression support for the
specified compression. Returns ARCHIVE_OK if the compression is
fully supported, or ARCHIVE_WARN if the compression is supported
only through an external program. Note that decompression using
an external program is usually slower than decompression through
built-in libraries. Note that “none” is always enabled by
default.
archive_read_support_compression_all()
Enables all available decompression filters.
archive_read_support_compression_program()
Data is fed through the specified external program before being
dearchived. Note that this disables automatic detection of the
compression format, so it makes no sense to specify this in
conjunction with any other decompression option.
archive_read_support_compression_program_signature()
This feeds data through the specified external program but only
if the initial bytes of the data match the specified signature
value.
archive_read_support_format_all(), archive_read_support_format_ar(),
archive_read_support_format_cpio(),
archive_read_support_format_empty(),
archive_read_support_format_iso9660(),
archive_read_support_format_mtree(),
archive_read_support_format_tar(),
archive_read_support_format_zip()
Enables support---including auto-detection code---for the
specified archive format. For example,
archive_read_support_format_tar() enables support for a variety
of standard tar formats, old-style tar, ustar, pax interchange
format, and many common variants. For convenience,
archive_read_support_format_all() enables support for all
available formats. Only empty archives are supported by default.
archive_read_support_format_raw()
The “raw” format handler allows libarchive to be used to read
arbitrary data. It treats any data stream as an archive with a
single entry. The pathname of this entry is “data”; all other
entry fields are unset. This is not enabled by
archive_read_support_format_all() in order to avoid erroneous
handling of damaged archives.
archive_read_set_filter_options(), archive_read_set_format_options(),
archive_read_set_options()
Specifies options that will be passed to currently-registered
filters (including decompression filters) and/or format readers.
The argument is a comma-separated list of individual options.
Individual options have one of the following forms:
option=value
The option/value pair will be provided to every module.
Modules that do not accept an option with this name will
ignore it.
option The option will be provided to every module with a value
of “1”.
!option
The option will be provided to every module with a NULL
value.
module:option=value, module:option, module:!option
As above, but the corresponding option and value will be
provided only to modules whose name matches module.
The return value will be ARCHIVE_OK if any module accepts the
option, or ARCHIVE_WARN if no module accepted the option, or
ARCHIVE_FATAL if there was a fatal error while attempting to
process the option.
The currently supported options are:
Format iso9660
joliet Support Joliet extensions. Defaults to enabled,
use !joliet to disable.
archive_read_open()
The same as archive_read_open2(), except that the skip callback
is assumed to be NULL.
archive_read_open2()
Freeze the settings, open the archive, and prepare for reading
entries. This is the most generic version of this call, which
accepts four callback functions. Most clients will want to use
archive_read_open_filename(), archive_read_open_FILE(),
archive_read_open_fd(), or archive_read_open_memory() instead.
The library invokes the client-provided functions to obtain raw
bytes from the archive.
archive_read_open_FILE()
Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a FILE *
pointer. This function should not be used with tape drives or
other devices that require strict I/O blocking.
archive_read_open_fd()
Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a file
descriptor and block size rather than a set of function pointers.
Note that the file descriptor will not be automatically closed at
end-of-archive. This function is safe for use with tape drives
or other blocked devices.
archive_read_open_file()
This is a deprecated synonym for archive_read_open_filename().
archive_read_open_filename()
Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a simple
filename and a block size. A NULL filename represents standard
input. This function is safe for use with tape drives or other
blocked devices.
archive_read_open_memory()
Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a pointer and
size of a block of memory containing the archive data.
archive_read_next_header()
Read the header for the next entry and return a pointer to a
struct archive_entry. This is a convenience wrapper around
archive_read_next_header2() that reuses an internal struct
archive_entry object for each request.
archive_read_next_header2()
Read the header for the next entry and populate the provided
struct archive_entry.
archive_read_data()
Read data associated with the header just read. Internally, this
is a convenience function that calls archive_read_data_block()
and fills any gaps with nulls so that callers see a single
continuous stream of data.
archive_read_data_block()
Return the next available block of data for this entry. Unlike
archive_read_data(), the archive_read_data_block() function
avoids copying data and allows you to correctly handle sparse
files, as supported by some archive formats. The library
guarantees that offsets will increase and that blocks will not
overlap. Note that the blocks returned from this function can be
much larger than the block size read from disk, due to
compression and internal buffer optimizations.
archive_read_data_skip()
A convenience function that repeatedly calls
archive_read_data_block() to skip all of the data for this
archive entry.
archive_read_data_into_buffer()
This function is deprecated and will be removed. Use
archive_read_data() instead.
archive_read_data_into_fd()
A convenience function that repeatedly calls
archive_read_data_block() to copy the entire entry to the
provided file descriptor.
archive_read_extract(), archive_read_extract_set_skip_file()
A convenience function that wraps the corresponding
archive_write_disk(3) interfaces. The first call to
archive_read_extract() creates a restore object using
archive_write_disk_new(3) and
archive_write_disk_set_standard_lookup(3), then transparently
invokes archive_write_disk_set_options(3),
archive_write_header(3), archive_write_data(3), and
archive_write_finish_entry(3) to create the entry on disk and
copy data into it. The flags argument is passed unmodified to
archive_write_disk_set_options(3).
archive_read_extract2()
This is another version of archive_read_extract() that allows you
to provide your own restore object. In particular, this allows
you to override the standard lookup functions using
archive_write_disk_set_group_lookup(3), and
archive_write_disk_set_user_lookup(3). Note that
archive_read_extract2() does not accept a flags argument; you
should use archive_write_disk_set_options() to set the restore
options yourself.
archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback()
Sets a pointer to a user-defined callback that can be used for
updating progress displays during extraction. The progress
function will be invoked during the extraction of large regular
files. The progress function will be invoked with the pointer
provided to this call. Generally, the data pointed to should
include a reference to the archive object and the archive_entry
object so that various statistics can be retrieved for the
progress display.
archive_read_close()
Complete the archive and invoke the close callback.
archive_read_finish()
Invokes archive_read_close() if it was not invoked manually, then
release all resources. Note: In libarchive 1.x, this function
was declared to return void, which made it impossible to detect
certain errors when archive_read_close() was invoked implicitly
from this function. The declaration is corrected beginning with
libarchive 2.0.
Note that the library determines most of the relevant information about
the archive by inspection. In particular, it automatically detects
gzip(1) or bzip2(1) compression and transparently performs the
appropriate decompression. It also automatically detects the archive
format.
A complete description of the struct archive and struct archive_entry
objects can be found in the overview manual page for libarchive(3).
CLIENT CALLBACKS
The callback functions must match the following prototypes:
typedef ssize_t archive_read_callback(struct archive *,
void *client_data, const void **buffer)
typedef int archive_skip_callback(struct archive *,
void *client_data, size_t request)
typedef int archive_open_callback(struct archive *, void
*client_data)
typedef int archive_close_callback(struct archive *, void
*client_data)
The open callback is invoked by archive_open(). It should return
ARCHIVE_OK if the underlying file or data source is successfully opened.
If the open fails, it should call archive_set_error() to register an
error code and message and return ARCHIVE_FATAL.
The read callback is invoked whenever the library requires raw bytes from
the archive. The read callback should read data into a buffer, set the
const void **buffer argument to point to the available data, and return a
count of the number of bytes available. The library will invoke the read
callback again only after it has consumed this data. The library imposes
no constraints on the size of the data blocks returned. On end-of-file,
the read callback should return zero. On error, the read callback should
invoke archive_set_error() to register an error code and message and
return -1.
The skip callback is invoked when the library wants to ignore a block of
data. The return value is the number of bytes actually skipped, which
may differ from the request. If the callback cannot skip data, it should
return zero. If the skip callback is not provided (the function pointer
is NULL ), the library will invoke the read function instead and simply
discard the result. A skip callback can provide significant performance
gains when reading uncompressed archives from slow disk drives or other
media that can skip quickly.
The close callback is invoked by archive_close when the archive
processing is complete. The callback should return ARCHIVE_OK on
success. On failure, the callback should invoke archive_set_error() to
register an error code and message and return ARCHIVE_FATAL.
EXAMPLE
The following illustrates basic usage of the library. In this example,
the callback functions are simply wrappers around the standard open(2),
read(2), and close(2) system calls.
void
list_archive(const char *name)
{
struct mydata *mydata;
struct archive *a;
struct archive_entry *entry;
mydata = malloc(sizeof(struct mydata));
a = archive_read_new();
mydata->name = name;
archive_read_support_compression_all(a);
archive_read_support_format_all(a);
archive_read_open(a, mydata, myopen, myread, myclose);
while (archive_read_next_header(a, &entry) == ARCHIVE_OK) {
printf("%s\n",archive_entry_pathname(entry));
archive_read_data_skip(a);
}
archive_read_finish(a);
free(mydata);
}
ssize_t
myread(struct archive *a, void *client_data, const void **buff)
{
struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
*buff = mydata->buff;
return (read(mydata->fd, mydata->buff, 10240));
}
int
myopen(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
{
struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
mydata->fd = open(mydata->name, O_RDONLY);
return (mydata->fd >= 0 ? ARCHIVE_OK : ARCHIVE_FATAL);
}
int
myclose(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
{
struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
if (mydata->fd > 0)
close(mydata->fd);
return (ARCHIVE_OK);
}
RETURN VALUES
Most functions return zero on success, non-zero on error. The possible
return codes include: ARCHIVE_OK (the operation succeeded), ARCHIVE_WARN
(the operation succeeded but a non-critical error was encountered),
ARCHIVE_EOF (end-of-archive was encountered), ARCHIVE_RETRY (the
operation failed but can be retried), and ARCHIVE_FATAL (there was a
fatal error; the archive should be closed immediately). Detailed error
codes and textual descriptions are available from the archive_errno() and
archive_error_string() functions.
archive_read_new() returns a pointer to a freshly allocated struct
archive object. It returns NULL on error.
archive_read_data() returns a count of bytes actually read or zero at the
end of the entry. On error, a value of ARCHIVE_FATAL, ARCHIVE_WARN, or
ARCHIVE_RETRY is returned and an error code and textual description can
be retrieved from the archive_errno() and archive_error_string()
functions.
The library expects the client callbacks to behave similarly. If there
is an error, you can use archive_set_error() to set an appropriate error
code and description, then return one of the non-zero values above.
(Note that the value eventually returned to the client may not be the
same; many errors that are not critical at the level of basic I/O can
prevent the archive from being properly read, thus most I/O errors
eventually cause ARCHIVE_FATAL to be returned.)
SEE ALSO
tar(1), archive(3), archive_util(3), tar(5)
HISTORY
The libarchive library first appeared in FreeBSD 5.3.
AUTHORS
The libarchive library was written by Tim Kientzle 〈kientzle@acm.org〉.
BUGS
Many traditional archiver programs treat empty files as valid empty
archives. For example, many implementations of tar(1) allow you to
append entries to an empty file. Of course, it is impossible to
determine the format of an empty file by inspecting the contents, so this
library treats empty files as having a special “empty” format.