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NAME

       XCreateWindow, XCreateSimpleWindow, XSetWindowAttributes - create
       windows and window attributes structure

SYNTAX

       Window XCreateWindow(Display *display, Window parent, int x, int y,
              unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned int
              border_width, int depth, unsigned int class, Visual *visual,
              unsigned long valuemask, XSetWindowAttributes *attributes);

       Window XCreateSimpleWindow(Display *display, Window parent, int x, int
              y, unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned int
              border_width, unsigned long border, unsigned long background);

ARGUMENTS

       attributes
                 Specifies the structure from which the values (as specified
                 by the value mask) are to be taken.  The value mask should
                 have the appropriate bits set to indicate which attributes
                 have been set in the structure.

       background
                 Specifies the background pixel value of the window.

       border    Specifies the border pixel value of the window.

       border_width
                 Specifies the width of the created window’s border in pixels.

       class     Specifies the created window’s class.  You can pass
                 InputOutput, InputOnly, or CopyFromParent.  A class of
                 CopyFromParent means the class is taken from the parent.

       depth     Specifies the window’s depth.  A depth of CopyFromParent
                 means the depth is taken from the parent.

       display   Specifies the connection to the X server.

       parent    Specifies the parent window.

       valuemask Specifies which window attributes are defined in the
                 attributes argument.  This mask is the bitwise inclusive OR
                 of the valid attribute mask bits.  If valuemask is zero, the
                 attributes are ignored and are not referenced.

       visual    Specifies the visual type.  A visual of CopyFromParent means
                 the visual type is taken from the parent.

       width
       height    Specify the width and height, which are the created window’s
                 inside dimensions and do not include the created window’s
                 borders.

       x
       y         Specify the x and y coordinates, which are the top-left
                 outside corner of the window’s borders and are relative to
                 the inside of the parent window’s borders.

DESCRIPTION

       The XCreateWindow function creates an unmapped subwindow for a
       specified parent window, returns the window ID of the created window,
       and causes the X server to generate a CreateNotify event.  The created
       window is placed on top in the stacking order with respect to siblings.

       The coordinate system has the X axis horizontal and the Y axis vertical
       with the origin [0, 0] at the upper-left corner.  Coordinates are
       integral, in terms of pixels, and coincide with pixel centers.  Each
       window and pixmap has its own coordinate system.  For a window, the
       origin is inside the border at the inside, upper-left corner.

       The border_width for an InputOnly window must be zero, or a BadMatch
       error results.  For class InputOutput, the visual type and depth must
       be a combination supported for the screen, or a BadMatch error results.
       The depth need not be the same as the parent, but the parent must not
       be a window of class InputOnly, or a BadMatch error results.  For an
       InputOnly window, the depth must be zero, and the visual must be one
       supported by the screen.  If either condition is not met, a BadMatch
       error results.  The parent window, however, may have any depth and
       class.  If you specify any invalid window attribute for a window, a
       BadMatch error results.

       The created window is not yet displayed (mapped) on the user’s display.
       To display the window, call XMapWindow.  The new window initially uses
       the same cursor as its parent.  A new cursor can be defined for the new
       window by calling XDefineCursor.  The window will not be visible on the
       screen unless it and all of its ancestors are mapped and it is not
       obscured by any of its ancestors.

       XCreateWindow can generate BadAlloc BadColor, BadCursor, BadMatch,
       BadPixmap, BadValue, and BadWindow errors.

       The XCreateSimpleWindow function creates an unmapped InputOutput
       subwindow for a specified parent window, returns the window ID of the
       created window, and causes the X server to generate a CreateNotify
       event.  The created window is placed on top in the stacking order with
       respect to siblings.  Any part of the window that extends outside its
       parent window is clipped.  The border_width for an InputOnly window
       must be zero, or a BadMatch error results.  XCreateSimpleWindow
       inherits its depth, class, and visual from its parent.  All other
       window attributes, except background and border, have their default
       values.

       XCreateSimpleWindow can generate BadAlloc, BadMatch, BadValue, and
       BadWindow errors.

STRUCTURES

       The XSetWindowAttributes structure contains:

       /* Window attribute value mask bits */

       #define   CWBackPixmap                (1L<<0)
       #define   CWBackPixel                 (1L<<1)
       #define   CWBorderPixmap              (1L<<2)
       #define   CWBorderPixel               (1L<<3)
       #define   CWBitGravity                (1L<<4)
       #define   CWWinGravity                (1L<<5)
       #define   CWBackingStore              (1L<<6)
       #define   CWBackingPlanes             (1L<<7)
       #define   CWBackingPixel              (1L<<8)
       #define   CWOverrideRedirect          (1L<<9)
       #define   CWSaveUnder                 (1L<<10)
       #define   CWEventMask                 (1L<<11)
       #define   CWDontPropagate             (1L<<12)
       #define   CWColormap                  (1L<<13)
       #define   CWCursor                    (1L<<14)
       /* Values */

       typedef struct {
            Pixmap background_pixmap;/* background, None, or ParentRelative */
            unsigned long background_pixel;/* background pixel */
            Pixmap border_pixmap;    /* border of the window or CopyFromParent */
            unsigned long border_pixel;/* border pixel value */
            int bit_gravity;         /* one of bit gravity values */
            int win_gravity;         /* one of the window gravity values */
            int backing_store;       /* NotUseful, WhenMapped, Always */
            unsigned long backing_planes;/* planes to be preserved if possible */
            unsigned long backing_pixel;/* value to use in restoring planes */
            Bool save_under;         /* should bits under be saved? (popups) */
            long event_mask;         /* set of events that should be saved */
            long do_not_propagate_mask;/* set of events that should not propagate */
            Bool override_redirect;  /* boolean value for override_redirect */
            Colormap colormap;       /* color map to be associated with window */
            Cursor cursor;           /* cursor to be displayed (or None) */
       } XSetWindowAttributes;

       For a detailed explanation of the members of this structure, see Xlib -
       C Language X Interface.

DIAGNOSTICS

       BadAlloc  The server failed to allocate the requested resource or
                 server memory.

       BadColor  A value for a Colormap argument does not name a defined
                 Colormap.

       BadCursor A value for a Cursor argument does not name a defined Cursor.

       BadMatch  The values do not exist for an InputOnly window.

       BadMatch  Some argument or pair of arguments has the correct type and
                 range but fails to match in some other way required by the
                 request.

       BadPixmap A value for a Pixmap argument does not name a defined Pixmap.

       BadValue  Some numeric value falls outside the range of values accepted
                 by the request.  Unless a specific range is specified for an
                 argument, the full range defined by the argument’s type is
                 accepted.  Any argument defined as a set of alternatives can
                 generate this error.

       BadWindow A value for a Window argument does not name a defined Window.

SEE ALSO

       XChangeWindowAttributes(3), XConfigureWindow(3), XDefineCursor(3),
       XDestroyWindow(3), XMapWindow(3), XRaiseWindow(3), XUnmapWindow(3)
       Xlib - C Language X Interface