NAME
netinet/in.h - Internet address family
SYNOPSIS
#include <netinet/in.h>
DESCRIPTION
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following types:
in_port_t
Equivalent to the type uint16_t as defined in <inttypes.h> .
in_addr_t
Equivalent to the type uint32_t as defined in <inttypes.h> .
The sa_family_t type shall be defined as described in <sys/socket.h> .
The uint8_t and uint32_t type shall be defined as described in
<inttypes.h>. Inclusion of the <netinet/in.h> header may also make
visible all symbols from <inttypes.h> and <sys/socket.h>.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the in_addr structure that
includes at least the following member:
in_addr_t s_addr
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the sockaddr_in structure that
includes at least the following members (all in network byte order):
sa_family_t sin_family AF_INET.
in_port_t sin_port Port number.
struct in_addr sin_addr IP address.
The sockaddr_in structure is used to store addresses for the Internet
address family. Values of this type shall be cast by applications to
struct sockaddr for use with socket functions.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the in6_addr structure that
contains at least the following member:
uint8_t s6_addr[16]
This array is used to contain a 128-bit IPv6 address, stored in network
byte order.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the sockaddr_in6 structure that
includes at least the following members (all in network byte order):
sa_family_t sin6_family AF_INET6.
in_port_t sin6_port Port number.
uint32_t sin6_flowinfo IPv6 traffic class and flow information.
struct in6_addr sin6_addr IPv6 address.
uint32_t sin6_scope_id Set of interfaces for a scope.
The sockaddr_in6 structure shall be set to zero by an application prior
to using it, since implementations are free to have additional,
implementation-defined fields in sockaddr_in6.
The sin6_scope_id field is a 32-bit integer that identifies a set of
interfaces as appropriate for the scope of the address carried in the
sin6_addr field. For a link scope sin6_addr, the application shall
ensure that sin6_scope_id is a link index. For a site scope sin6_addr,
the application shall ensure that sin6_scope_id is a site index. The
mapping of sin6_scope_id to an interface or set of interfaces is
implementation-defined.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall declare the following external
variable:
const struct in6_addr in6addr_any
This variable is initialized by the system to contain the wildcard IPv6
address. The <netinet/in.h> header also defines the IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT
macro. This macro must be constant at compile time and can be used to
initialize a variable of type struct in6_addr to the IPv6 wildcard
address.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall declare the following external
variable:
const struct in6_addr in6addr_loopback
This variable is initialized by the system to contain the loopback IPv6
address. The <netinet/in.h> header also defines the
IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT macro. This macro must be constant at compile
time and can be used to initialize a variable of type struct in6_addr
to the IPv6 loopback address.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the ipv6_mreq structure that
includes at least the following members:
struct in6_addr ipv6mr_multiaddr IPv6 multicast address.
unsigned ipv6mr_interface Interface index.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macros for use as
values of the level argument of getsockopt() and setsockopt():
IPPROTO_IP
Internet protocol.
IPPROTO_IPV6
Internet Protocol Version 6.
IPPROTO_ICMP
Control message protocol.
IPPROTO_RAW
Raw IP Packets Protocol.
IPPROTO_TCP
Transmission control protocol.
IPPROTO_UDP
User datagram protocol.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macros for use as
destination addresses for connect(), sendmsg(), and sendto():
INADDR_ANY
IPv4 local host address.
INADDR_BROADCAST
IPv4 broadcast address.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macro to help
applications declare buffers of the proper size to store IPv4 addresses
in string form:
INET_ADDRSTRLEN
16. Length of the string form for IP.
The htonl(), htons(), ntohl(), and ntohs() functions shall be available
as defined in <arpa/inet.h> . Inclusion of the <netinet/in.h> header
may also make visible all symbols from <arpa/inet.h> .
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macro to help
applications declare buffers of the proper size to store IPv6 addresses
in string form:
INET6_ADDRSTRLEN
46. Length of the string form for IPv6.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macros, with
distinct integer values, for use in the option_name argument in the
getsockopt() or setsockopt() functions at protocol level IPPROTO_IPV6:
IPV6_JOIN_GROUP
Join a multicast group.
IPV6_LEAVE_GROUP
Quit a multicast group.
IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS
Multicast hop limit.
IPV6_MULTICAST_IF
Interface to use for outgoing multicast packets.
IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP
Multicast packets are delivered back to the local application.
IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS
Unicast hop limit.
IPV6_V6ONLY
Restrict AF_INET6 socket to IPv6 communications only.
The <netinet/in.h> header shall define the following macros that test
for special IPv6 addresses. Each macro is of type int and takes a
single argument of type const struct in6_addr *:
IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED
Unspecified address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK
Loopback address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST
Multicast address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL
Unicast link-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_SITELOCAL
Unicast site-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED
IPv4 mapped address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_V4COMPAT
IPv4-compatible address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL
Multicast node-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL
Multicast link-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_SITELOCAL
Multicast site-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_ORGLOCAL
Multicast organization-local address.
IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_GLOBAL
Multicast global address.
The following sections are informative.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
Host and Network Byte Orders , <arpa/inet.h> , <inttypes.h> ,
<sys/socket.h> , the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
connect(), getsockopt(), htonl(), htons(), ntohl(), ntohs(), sendmsg(),
sendto(), setsockopt()
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .