Man Linux: Main Page and Category List

NAME

       RXVT REFERENCE - FAQ, command sequences and other background
       information

SYNOPSIS

          # set a new font set
          printf '\33]50;%s\007' 9x15,xft:Kochi" Mincho"

          # change the locale and tell rxvt-unicode about it
          export LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.EUC-JP; printf "\33]701;$LC_CTYPE\007"

          # set window title
          printf '\33]2;%s\007' "new window title"

DESCRIPTION

       This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE
       documenting all escape sequences, and other background information.

       The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide
       Web at
       <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.pod>.

       The main manual page for urxvt itself is available at
       <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.1.pod>.

RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

   Meta, Features & Commandline Issues
       My question isnt answered here, can I ask a human?

       Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: "irc.freenode.net",
       channel "#rxvt-unicode" has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
       interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs
       :).

       I use Gentoo, and I have a problem...

       There are three big problems with Gentoo Linux: first of all, most if
       not all Gentoo systems are completely broken (missing or mismatched
       header files, broken compiler etc. are just the tip of the iceberg);
       secondly, the Gentoo maintainer thinks it is a good idea to add broken
       patches to the code; and lastly, it should be called Gentoo GNU/Linux.

       For these reasons, it is impossible to support rxvt-unicode on Gentoo.
       Problems appearing on Gentoo systems will usually simply be ignored
       unless they can be reproduced on non-Gentoo systems.

       Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?

       Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
       simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these
       should give you tabs:

          urxvt -pe tabbed

          URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed

       It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window
       managers or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow
       it to be embedded into other programs, as witnessed by doc/rxvt-tabbed
       or the upcoming "Gtk2::URxvt" perl module, which features a tabbed
       urxvt (murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.

       How do I know which rxvt-unicode version Im using?

       The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
       sequence "ESC [ 8 n" sets the window title to the version number. When
       using the urxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the daemon.

       Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?

       Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something
       you don’t use. One thing you should try is to configure out all
       settings that you don’t need, for example, Xft support is a resource
       hog by design, when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font
       will be loaded accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for
       your characters.

       Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
       scrollback buffers: Without "--enable-unicode3", rxvt-unicode will use
       6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
       kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if
       full) use 10 Megabytes of memory. With "--enable-unicode3" it gets
       worse, as rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.

       How can I start urxvtd in a race-free way?

       Try "urxvtd -f -o", which tells urxvtd to open the display, create the
       listening socket and then fork.

       How can I start urxvtd automatically when I run urxvtc?

       If you want to start urxvtd automatically whenever you run urxvtc and
       the daemon isn’t running yet, use this script:

          #!/bin/sh
          urxvtc "$@"
          if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
             urxvtd -q -o -f
             urxvtc "$@"
          fi

       This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
       meaning it couldn’t connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
       re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use
       the existing daemon.

       How do I distinguish whether Im running rxvt-unicode or a regular
       xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.

       The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable
       "COLORTERM", so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several
       programs, JED, slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this
       variable to decide whether or not to use color.

       How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?

       If you’ve compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
       insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
       snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
       wasn’t also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets)
       then the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode
       from a regular xterm.

       Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell
       script snippets:

          # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
          [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
          if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
             stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
             echo -n '^[Z'
             read term_id
             stty icanon echo
             if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
                echo -n '^[[7n'        # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
                read DISPLAY           # set it in our local shell
             fi
          fi

       How do I compile the manual pages on my own?

       You need to have a recent version of perl installed as /usr/bin/perl,
       one that comes with pod2man, pod2text and po.html (from Pod::Xhtml).
       Then go to the doc subdirectory and enter "make alldoc".

       Isnt rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Dont all those features
       bloat?

       I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn’t cause extra
       bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
       that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always
       being compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after
       startup. Even with "--disable-everything", this comparison is a bit
       unfair, as many features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion,
       iso14755 etc.) are already in use in this mode.

           text    data     bss     drs     rss filename
          98398    1664      24   15695    1824 rxvt --disable-everything
         188985    9048   66616   18222    1788 urxvt --disable-everything

       When you "--enable-everything" (which is unfair, as this involves xft
       and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
       libc), the two diverge, but not unreasonably so.

           text    data     bss     drs     rss filename
         163431    2152      24   20123    2060 rxvt --enable-everything
        1035683   49680   66648   29096    3680 urxvt --enable-everything

       The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian
       encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else
       and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use
       those encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that
       my c++ compiler allocates (but of course doesn’t use unless you are out
       of memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately
       adds a few megabytes of RSS. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS
       even when not used.

       Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of
       one, a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use
       more memory.

       Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this
       still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-
       terminal (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole
       (22200k + extra 43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus
       half a minute of startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it
       spits out), it fares extremely well *g*.

       Why C++, isnt that unportable/bloated/uncool?

       Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I
       had to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a
       fraction of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me).
       Put even shorter: It simply wouldn’t exist without C++.

       My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but in
       the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits
       are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and
       unix domain sockets, which are all less portable than C++ itself.

       Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It’s easy to write
       programs in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write
       programs in C++ that don’t. C++ also often comes with large libraries,
       but this is not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is what rxvt links
       against on my system with a minimal config:

          libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
          libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)
          libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)
          /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)

       And here is rxvt-unicode:

          libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
          libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
          libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
          libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
          /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)

       No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
       except maybe libX11 :)

   Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues
       I cant get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?

       First of all, please address all transparency related issues to Sasha
       Vasko at sasha@aftercode.net and do not bug the author about it. Also,
       if you can’t get it working consider it a rite of passage: ... and you
       failed.

       Here are four ways to get transparency. Do read the manpage and option
       descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do
       it!

       1. Use transparent mode:

          Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
          urxvt -tr -tint red -sh 40

       That works. If you think it doesn’t, you lack transparency and tinting
       support, or you are unable to read.

       2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables
       you to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just
       shade/tint/whatever your picture with gimp or any other tool:

          convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.jpg
          urxvt -pixmap "background.jpg;:root"

       That works. If you think it doesn’t, you lack AfterImage support, or
       you are unable to read.

       3. Use an ARGB visual:

          urxvt -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc

       This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
       doesn’t work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren’t
       there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the
       necessary bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work,
       but that doesn’t mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.

       4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:

         xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
               -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000

       Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace 0xc0000000
       by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn’t work and
       your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.

       Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?

       Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that
       character size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal
       use might contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-
       unicode will avoid these characters. For characters that are just "a
       bit" too wide a special "careful" rendering mode is used that redraws
       adjacent characters.

       All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
       however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed
       bounding box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the
       correct way is to ask for the character bounding box, which
       unfortunately is wrong in these cases).

       It’s not clear (to me at least), whether this is a bug in Xft,
       freetype, or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you
       might try using the "-lsp" option to give the font more height. If that
       doesn’t work, you might be forced to use a different font.

       All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their
       bounding box data is correct.

       How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?

       First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal
       settings ("TERM=rxvt-unicode"), which will get rid of most of these
       effects. Then make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold,
       as otherwise rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the
       effect:

          URxvt.colorBD:  white
          URxvt.colorIT:  green

       Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how
       can I fix that?

       For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
       colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the
       standard 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of
       course, to fix these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without
       very good reasons.

       In the meantime, you can either edit your "rxvt-unicode" terminfo
       definition to only claim 8 colour support or use "TERM=rxvt", which
       will fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.

       Can I switch the fonts at runtime?

       Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the
       same effect as using the "-fn" switch, and takes effect immediately:

          printf '\33]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"

       This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
       japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
       japanese fonts would only be in your way.

       You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.

       Why do italic characters look as if clipped?

       Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
       example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font "xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
       Mono" completely fails in its italic face. A workaround might be to
       enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:

          URxvt.italicFont:        xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
          URxvt.boldItalicFont:    xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true

       Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?

       Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
       it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
       antialiasing (by appending ":antialias=false"), which saves lots of
       memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.

       Rxvt-unicode doesnt seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?

       Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
       fall back to its default font search list it will prefer X11 core
       fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
       antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
       look best that way.

       If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.

       Whats with this bold/blink stuff?

       If no bold colour is set via "colorBD:", bold will invert text using
       the standard foreground colour.

       For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
       text blink when compiled with "--enable-text-blink". Without
       "--enable-text-blink", the blink attribute will be ignored.

       On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
       foreground/background colors.

       color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.

       color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.

       I dont like the screen colors.  How do I change them?

       You can change the screen colors at run-time using ~/.Xdefaults
       resources (or as long-options).

       Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen, including
       the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:

          URxvt.color0:   #000000
          URxvt.color1:   #A80000
          URxvt.color2:   #00A800
          URxvt.color3:   #A8A800
          URxvt.color4:   #0000A8
          URxvt.color5:   #A800A8
          URxvt.color6:   #00A8A8
          URxvt.color7:   #A8A8A8

          URxvt.color8:   #000054
          URxvt.color9:   #FF0054
          URxvt.color10:  #00FF54
          URxvt.color11:  #FFFF54
          URxvt.color12:  #0000FF
          URxvt.color13:  #FF00FF
          URxvt.color14:  #00FFFF
          URxvt.color15:  #FFFFFF

       And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.

          URxvt.cursorColor:  #dc74d1
          URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
          URxvt.background:   #0e0e0e
          URxvt.foreground:   #4ad5e1
          URxvt.color0:       #000000
          URxvt.color8:       #8b8f93
          URxvt.color1:       #dc74d1
          URxvt.color9:       #dc74d1
          URxvt.color2:       #0eb8c7
          URxvt.color10:      #0eb8c7
          URxvt.color3:       #dfe37e
          URxvt.color11:      #dfe37e
          URxvt.color5:       #9e88f0
          URxvt.color13:      #9e88f0
          URxvt.color6:       #73f7ff
          URxvt.color14:      #73f7ff
          URxvt.color7:       #e1dddd
          URxvt.color15:      #e1dddd

       They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".

       Why do some characters look so much different than others?

       See next entry.

       How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?

       Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is fine.
       Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of your
       system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want to
       display.

       rxvt-unicode makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement font.
       Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
       bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don’t
       resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the
       artificial intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it
       has to believe the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed
       look correct.

       In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
       e.g.:

          urxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...

       When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
       font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to
       the next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up
       this search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the
       X-server.

       The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the
       base font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size,
       which must be the same due to the way terminals work.

       Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?

       This is because there is a difference between script and language --
       rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
       as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
       sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
       display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
       chinese characters aren’t represented in japanese fonts, so when the
       first non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a
       chinese font -- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the
       japanese font for chinese characters that are also in the japanese
       font.

       The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
       list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as a
       preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
       first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.

       In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
       runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using
       different fonts for the same character at the same time, but no
       interface for this has been designed yet).

       Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see
       "Can I switch the fonts at runtime?" later in this document).

       How can I make mplayer display video correctly?

       We are working on it, in the meantime, as a workaround, use something
       like:

          urxvt -b 600 -geometry 20x1 -e sh -c 'mplayer -wid $WINDOWID file...'

   Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
       The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select
       single words?

       If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the
       following setting:

          URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)

       If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended more and
       more.

       To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this
       pattern:

          URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)

       Please also note that the LeftClick Shift-LeftClick combination also
       selects words like the old code.

       I dont like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I
       change/disable it?

       You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the perl-ext-
       common resource to the empty string, which also keeps rxvt-unicode from
       initialising perl, saving memory.

       If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
       identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the
       section PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS in the urxvtperl(3) manpage. For
       example, to disable the selection-popup and option-popup, specify this
       perl-ext-common resource:

          URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup

       This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
       extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
       scrollback search mode is triggered by M-s. You can move it to any
       other combination either by setting the searchable-scrollback resource:

          URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s

       The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do
       I switch this off?

       See next entry.

       During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor
       outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?

       These are caused by the "readline" perl extension. Under normal
       circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
       line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong
       moment, but when running a program that doesn’t parse cursor movements
       or in some cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this
       properly.

       You can permanently switch this feature off by disabling the "readline"
       extension:

          URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline

       My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?

       Some Debian GNU/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
       specific details were reported so far. See the answer to the previous
       question, and please report if that helped.

       My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.

       The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
       correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported by
       your input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and your
       input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys) does
       not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then rxvt-
       unicode will continue without an input method.

       In this case either do not specify a preeditStyle or specify more than
       one pre-edit style, such as OverTheSpot,Root,None.

       If it still doesn’t work, then maybe your input method doesn’t support
       compose sequences - to fall back to the built-in one, make sure you
       don’t specify an input method via "-im" or "XMODIFIERS".

       I cannot type "Ctrl-Shift-2" to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO
       14755

       Either try "Ctrl-2" alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
       international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
       advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for
       other codes, too, such as "Ctrl-Shift-1-d" to type the default telnet
       escape character and so on.

       Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.

       Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
       some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I’ve
       heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified.
       A quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys
       are depressed.

       Whats with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?

       Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the Backspace
       keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following question) there are
       two standard values that can be used for Backspace: "^H" and "^?".

       Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the
       debian policy of using "^?" when unsure, because it’s the one and only
       correct choice :).

       Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the
       value of ‘erase’ to guess the value for backspace.  If rxvt-unicode
       wasn’t started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell),
       then the system value of ‘erase’, which corresponds to CERASE in
       <termios.h>, will be used (which may not be the same as your stty
       setting).

       For starting a new rxvt-unicode:

          # use Backspace = ^H
          $ stty erase ^H
          $ urxvt

          # use Backspace = ^?
          $ stty erase ^?
          $ urxvt

       Toggle with "ESC [ 36 h" / "ESC [ 36 l".

       For an existing rxvt-unicode:

          # use Backspace = ^H
          $ stty erase ^H
          $ echo -n "^[[36h"

          # use Backspace = ^?
          $ stty erase ^?
          $ echo -n "^[[36l"

       This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
       if you use Backspace = "^H", make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
       properly reflects that.

       The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace
       problem.  To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the
       Delete key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for
       Execute ("ESC [ 3 ~") and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.

       Some other Backspace problems:

       some editors use termcap/terminfo, some editors (vim I’m told) expect
       Backspace = ^H, GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.

       Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.

       I dont like the key-bindings.  How do I change them?

       There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
       you have run "configure" with the "--disable-resources" option you can
       use the ‘keysym’ resource to alter the keystrings associated with
       keysyms.

       Here’s an example for a URxvt session started using "urxvt -name URxvt"

          URxvt.keysym.Home:          \033[1~
          URxvt.keysym.End:           \033[4~
          URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe:  \033<C-'>
          URxvt.keysym.C-slash:       \033<C-/>
          URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon:   \033<C-;>
          URxvt.keysym.C-grave:       \033<C-`>
          URxvt.keysym.C-comma:       \033<C-,>
          URxvt.keysym.C-period:      \033<C-.>
          URxvt.keysym.C-0x60:        \033<C-`>
          URxvt.keysym.C-Tab:         \033<C-Tab>
          URxvt.keysym.C-Return:      \033<C-Return>
          URxvt.keysym.S-Return:      \033<S-Return>
          URxvt.keysym.S-space:       \033<S-Space>
          URxvt.keysym.M-Up:          \033<M-Up>
          URxvt.keysym.M-Down:        \033<M-Down>
          URxvt.keysym.M-Left:        \033<M-Left>
          URxvt.keysym.M-Right:       \033<M-Right>
          URxvt.keysym.M-C-0:         list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
          URxvt.keysym.M-C-a:         list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
          URxvt.keysym.F12:           command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007

       See some more examples in the documentation for the keysym resource.

       Im using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How
       do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the
       following map

          KP_Insert == Insert
          F22 == Print
          F27 == Home
          F29 == Prior
          F33 == End
          F35 == Next

       Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various
       possible keyboard mappings, it is better to use ‘xmodmap’ to remap the
       keys as required for your particular machine.

   Terminal Configuration
       Can I see a typical configuration?

       The default configuration tries to be xterm-like, which I don’t like
       that much, but it’s least surprise to regular users.

       As a rxvt or rxvt-unicode user, you are practically supposed to invest
       time into customising your terminal. To get you started, here is the
       author’s .Xdefaults entries, with comments on what they do. It’s
       certainly not typical, but what’s typical...

          URxvt.cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'
          URxvt.print-pipe: cat >/tmp/xxx

       These are just for testing stuff.

          URxvt.imLocale: ja_JP.UTF-8
          URxvt.preeditType: OnTheSpot,None

       This tells rxvt-unicode to use a special locale when communicating with
       the X Input Method, and also tells it to only use the OnTheSpot pre-
       edit type, which requires the "xim-onthespot" perl extension but
       rewards me with correct-looking fonts.

          URxvt.perl-lib: /root/lib/urxvt
          URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,selection-autotransform,selection-pastebin,xim-onthespot,remote-clipboard
          URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+)
          URxvt.selection.pattern-1: ^(/[^:]+):\
          URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
          URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/

       This is my perl configuration. The first two set the perl library
       directory and also tells urxvt to use a large number of extensions. I
       develop for myself mostly, so I actually use most of the extensions I
       write.

       The selection stuff mainly makes the selection perl-error-message aware
       and tells it to convert perl error messages into vi-commands to load
       the relevant file and go tot he error line number.

          URxvt.scrollstyle:      plain
          URxvt.secondaryScroll:  true

       As the documentation says: plain is the preferred scrollbar for the
       author. The "secondaryScroll" configures urxvt to scroll in full-screen
       apps, like screen, so lines scrolled out of screen end up in urxvt’s
       scrollback buffer.

          URxvt.background:       #000000
          URxvt.foreground:       gray90
          URxvt.color7:           gray90
          URxvt.colorBD:          #ffffff
          URxvt.cursorColor:      #e0e080
          URxvt.throughColor:     #8080f0
          URxvt.highlightColor:   #f0f0f0

       Some colours. Not sure which ones are being used or even non-defaults,
       but these are in my .Xdefaults. Most notably, they set
       foreground/background to light gray/black, and also make sure that the
       colour 7 matches the default foreground colour.

          URxvt.underlineColor:   yellow

       Another colour, makes underline lines look different. Sometimes hurts,
       but is mostly a nice effect.

          URxvt.geometry:         154x36
          URxvt.loginShell:       false
          URxvt.meta:             ignore
          URxvt.utmpInhibit:      true

       Uh, well, should be mostly self-explanatory. By specifying some
       defaults manually, I can quickly switch them for testing.

          URxvt.saveLines:        8192

       A large scrollback buffer is essential. Really.

          URxvt.mapAlert:         true

       The only case I use it is for my IRC window, which I like to keep
       iconified till people msg me (which beeps).

          URxvt.visualBell:       true

       The audible bell is often annoying, especially when in a crowd.

          URxvt.insecure:         true

       Please don’t hack my mutt! Ooops...

          URxvt.pastableTabs:     false

       I once thought this is a great idea.

          urxvt.font:             9x15bold,\
                                  -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
                                  -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
                                  [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic, \
                                  xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:autohint=true, \
                                  xft:Code2000:antialias=false
          urxvt.boldFont:         -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso8859-15
          urxvt.italicFont:       xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
          urxvt.boldItalicFont:   xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true

       I wrote rxvt-unicode to be able to specify fonts exactly. So don’t be
       overwhelmed. A special note: the "9x15bold" mentioned above is actually
       the version from XFree-3.3, as XFree-4 replaced it by a totally
       different font (different glyphs for ";" and many other harmless
       characters), while the second font is actually the "9x15bold" from
       XFree4/XOrg. The bold version has less chars than the medium version,
       so I use it for rare characters, too. When editing sources with vim, I
       use italic for comments and other stuff, which looks quite good with
       Bitstream Vera anti-aliased.

       Terminus is a quite bad font (many very wrong glyphs), but for most of
       my purposes, it works, and gives a different look, as my normal (Non-
       bold) font is already bold, and I want to see a difference between bold
       and normal fonts.

       Please note that I used the "urxvt" instance name and not the "URxvt"
       class name. Thats because I use different configs for different
       purposes, for example, my IRC window is started with "-name IRC", and
       uses these defaults:

          IRC*title:              IRC
          IRC*geometry:           87x12+535+542
          IRC*saveLines:          0
          IRC*mapAlert:           true
          IRC*font:               suxuseuro
          IRC*boldFont:           suxuseuro
          IRC*colorBD:            white
          IRC*keysym.M-C-1:       command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
          IRC*keysym.M-C-2:       command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007

       "Alt-Ctrl-1" and "Alt-Ctrl-2" switch between two different font sizes.
       "suxuseuro" allows me to keep an eye (and actually read) stuff while
       keeping a very small window. If somebody pastes something complicated
       (e.g. japanese), I temporarily switch to a larger font.

       The above is all in my ".Xdefaults" (I don’t use ".Xresources" nor
       "xrdb"). I also have some resources in a separate ".Xdefaults-hostname"
       file for different hosts, for example, on ym main desktop, I use:

          URxvt.keysym.C-M-q: command:\033[3;5;5t
          URxvt.keysym.C-M-y: command:\033[3;5;606t
          URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: command:\033[3;1605;5t
          URxvt.keysym.C-M-c: command:\033[3;1605;606t
          URxvt.keysym.C-M-p: perl:test

       The first for keysym definitions allow me to quickly bring some windows
       in the layout I like most. Ion users might start laughing but will stop
       immediately when I tell them that I use my own Fvwm2 module for much
       the same effect as Ion provides, and I only very rarely use the above
       key combinations :->

       Why doesnt rxvt-unicode read my resources?

       Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
       applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
       resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode
       will ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only
       read $HOME/.Xdefaults when no resources are attached to the display.

       If you have or use an $HOME/.Xresources file, chances are that
       resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to re-
       login after every change (or run xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources).

       Also consider the form resources have to use:

         URxvt.resource: value

       If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
       specifying resources), make sure you understand whether and why it
       works. If unsure, use the form above.

       When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo
       data?

       The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely
       available as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem
       often arises).

       The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this
       can be done by simply installing rxvt-unicode on the remote system as
       well (in case you have a nice package manager ready), or you can
       install the terminfo database manually like this (with ncurses infocmp.
       works as user and root):

          REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
          infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "mkdir -p .terminfo && cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"

       One some systems you might need to set $TERMINFO to the full path of
       $HOME/.terminfo for this to work.

       If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
       "TERM=rxvt" or even "TERM=xterm", and live with the small number of
       problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
       colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It’s a nice
       quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.

       If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you
       can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a
       resource to set it:

          URxvt.termName: rxvt

       If you don’t plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also replace
       the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use "TERM=rxvt".

       nano fails with "Error opening terminal: rxvt-unicode"

       This exceptionally confusing and useless error message is printed by
       nano when it can’t find the terminfo database. Nothing is wrong with
       your terminal, read the previous answer for a solution.

       "tic" outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.

       Most likely it’s the empty definition for "enacs=". Just replace it by
       "enacs=\E[0@" and try again.

       "bash"s readline does not work correctly under urxvt.

       See next entry.

       I need a termcap file entry.

       One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
       systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
       library (Fedora Core’s bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
       for "rxvt-unicode".

       You could use rxvt’s termcap entry with reasonable results in many
       cases.  You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo’s infocmp
       program like this:

          infocmp -C rxvt-unicode

       Or you could use the termcap entry in doc/etc/rxvt-unicode.termcap,
       generated by the command above.

       Why does "ls" no longer have coloured output?

       The "ls" in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn’t use terminfo to
       decide whether a terminal has colour, but uses its own configuration
       file. Needless to say, "rxvt-unicode" is not in its default file (among
       with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:

          TERM rxvt-unicode

       to "/etc/DIR_COLORS" or simply add:

          alias ls='ls --color=auto'

       to your ".profile" or ".bashrc".

   Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues
       Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?

       See next entry.

       Unicode does not seem to work?

       If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
       getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output
       is subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.

       Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same "LC_CTYPE" setting as the
       programs running in it. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the "C"
       locale, while the login script running within the rxvt-unicode window
       changes the locale to something else, e.g. "en_GB.UTF-8". Needless to
       say, this is not going to work, and is the most common cause for
       problems.

       The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely
       run into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your
       .profile.

         printf '\33]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"   # $LANG or $LC_ALL are worth a try, too

       If this doesn’t work, then maybe you use a "LC_CTYPE" specification not
       supported on your systems. Some systems have a "locale" command which
       displays this (also, "perl -e0" can be used to check locale settings,
       as it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays
       something like:

         locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...

       Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.

       If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
       you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don’t
       support locales :(

       How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?

       See next entry.

       Is there an option to switch encodings?

       Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and
       no specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn’t even know
       about UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.

       The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for
       selecting the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating
       this to all applications so everybody agrees on character properties
       such as width and code number. This mechanism is the locale.
       Applications not using that info will have problems (for example,
       "xterm" gets the width of characters wrong as it uses its own, locale-
       independent table under all locales).

       Rxvt-unicode uses the "LC_CTYPE" locale category to select encoding.
       All programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in
       the interpretation of characters.

       Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales,
       nor is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.

       On most systems, the content of the "LC_CTYPE" environment variable
       contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
       locale. Common names for locales are "en_US.UTF-8",
       "de_DE.ISO-8859-15", "ja_JP.EUC-JP", i.e. "language_country.encoding",
       but other forms (i.e. "de" or "german") are also common.

       Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for the
       encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings, i.e.
       "de_DE.UTF-8" and "ja_JP.UTF-8" are the normally same to rxvt-unicode.

       If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
       rxvt-unicode with the correct "LC_CTYPE" category.

       Can I switch locales at runtime?

       Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
       rxvt-unicode’s idea of "LC_CTYPE".

         printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS

       See also the previous answer.

       Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in one
       locale (e.g. "de_DE.UTF-8") but some programs don’t support it (e.g.
       UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start "xjdic", which first
       switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:

          printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
          xjdic -js
          printf '\33]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8

       You can also use xterm’s "luit" program, which usually works fine,
       except for some locales where character width differs between program-
       and rxvt-unicode-locales.

       I have problems getting my input method working.

       Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input
       method server.

       Here is a checklist:

       - Make sure your locale and the imLocale are supported on your OS.
           Try "locale -a" or check the documentation for your OS.

       - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your
       XIM.
           For example, kinput2 does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
           "ja_JP.EUC-JP" or equivalent.

       - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
       - Make sure the "XMODIFIERS" environment variable is set correctly when
       starting rxvt-unicode.
           When you want to use e.g. kinput2, it must be set to "@im=kinput2".
           For scim, use "@im=SCIM". You can see what input method servers are
           running with this command:

              xprop -root XIM_SERVERS

       My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?

       You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of
       the terminal, using the resource "imlocale":

          URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP

       Now you can start your terminal with "LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8" and still
       use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your
       Xlib version, you may not be able to input characters outside "EUC-JP"
       in a normal way then, as your input method limits you.

       Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.

       Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
       design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
       leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
       exit time. kinput2 (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
       while SCIM (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
       crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.

       So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.

   Operating Systems / Package Maintaining
       I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...

       Before reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please
       download and install the genuine version
       (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce the
       problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
       Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian
       Bug Tracking System (use "reportbug" to report the bug).

       For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
       probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it’s also
       a bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users
       that might encounter the same issue.

       I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any
       recommendation?

       You should build one binary with the default options. configure now
       enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them runtime-
       switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enabling them,
       except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter
       should be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely
       more in the future) depends on it.

       You should not overwrite the "perl-ext-common" snd "perl-ext" resources
       system-wide (except maybe with "defaults"). This will result in useful
       behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
       "perl-ext-common" resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
       perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.

       If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal one
       with "--disable-everything" (very useful) and a maximal one with
       "--enable-everything" (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
       encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).

       I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this
       safe?

       It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
       install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.

       When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
       into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
       systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
       immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
       privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
       things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).

       This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very
       early and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before
       main(), or things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should
       result in very little risk.

       I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.

       Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol "__STDC_ISO_10646__" to be defined in
       your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
       whether it defines the symbol or not. "__STDC_ISO_10646__" requires
       that wchar_t is represented as unicode.

       As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symbol nor
       does it support it. Instead, it uses its own internal representation of
       wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.

       However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in "POSIX", "ISO-8859-1"
       and "UTF-8" locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as wchar_t).

       "__STDC_ISO_10646__" is the only sane way to support multi-language
       apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized)
       representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to convert between
       wchar_t (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding
       without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale.
       There simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t into anything except the
       current locale encoding.

       Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this by
       carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling
       with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple
       conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the OS implements
       encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).

       The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in
       the system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to
       carry complete replacements for them :)

       How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?

       rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using the
       X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no longer
       supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a single
       font). I recommend starting the X-server in "-multiwindow" or
       "-rootless" mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the
       old libW11 emulation.

       At the time of this writing, cygwin didn’t seem to support any multi-
       byte encodings (you might try "LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8"), so you are likely
       limited to 8-bit encodings.

       Character widths are not correct.

       urxvt uses the system wcwidth function to know the information about
       the width of characters, so on systems with incorrect locale data you
       will likely get bad results. Two notorious examples are Solaris 9,
       where single-width characters like U+2514 are reported as double-width,
       and Darwin 8, where combining chars are reported having width 1.

       The solution is to upgrade your system or switch to a better one. A
       possibly working workaround is to use a wcwidth implementation like

       http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/wcwidth.c

       I want 256 colors

       Are you sure you need 256 colors? 88 colors should be enough for most
       purposes. If you really need more, there is an unsupported patch for it
       in the doc directory, but please do not ask for it to be applied.

RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE

       The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of rxvt-
       unicode. First the description of supported command sequences, followed
       by pixmap support and last by a description of all features selectable
       at "configure" time.

   Definitions
       "c" The literal character c.

       "C" A single (required) character.

       "Ps"
           A single (usually optional) numeric parameter, composed of one or
           more digits.

       "Pm"
           A multiple numeric parameter composed of any number of single
           numeric parameters, separated by ";" character(s).

       "Pt"
           A text parameter composed of printable characters.

   Values
       "ENQ"
           Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA) request attributes
           from terminal. See "ESC [ Ps c".

       "BEL"
           Bell (Ctrl-G)

       "BS"
           Backspace (Ctrl-H)

       "TAB"
           Horizontal Tab (HT) (Ctrl-I)

       "LF"
           Line Feed or New Line (NL) (Ctrl-J)

       "VT"
           Vertical Tab (Ctrl-K) same as "LF"

       "FF"
           Form Feed or New Page (NP) (Ctrl-L) same as "LF"

       "CR"
           Carriage Return (Ctrl-M)

       "SO"
           Shift Out (Ctrl-N), invokes the G1 character set.  Switch to
           Alternate Character Set

       "SI"
           Shift In (Ctrl-O), invokes the G0 character set (the default).
           Switch to Standard Character Set

       "SPC"
           Space Character

   Escape Sequences
       "ESC # 8"
           DEC Screen Alignment Test (DECALN)

       "ESC 7"
           Save Cursor (SC)

       "ESC 8"
           Restore Cursor

       "ESC ="
           Application Keypad (SMKX). See also next sequence.

       "ESC"
           Normal Keypad (RMKX)

           Note: If the numeric keypad is activated, eg, Num_Lock has been
           pressed, numbers or control functions are generated by the numeric
           keypad (see Key Codes).

       "ESC D"
           Index (IND)

       "ESC E"
           Next Line (NEL)

       "ESC H"
           Tab Set (HTS)

       "ESC M"
           Reverse Index (RI)

       "ESC N"
           Single Shift Select of G2 Character Set (SS2): affects next
           character only unimplemented

       "ESC O"
           Single Shift Select of G3 Character Set (SS3): affects next
           character only unimplemented

       "ESC Z"
           Obsolete form of returns: "ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 C" rxvt-unicode compile-
           time option

       "ESC c"
           Full reset (RIS)

       "ESC n"
           Invoke the G2 Character Set (LS2)

       "ESC o"
           Invoke the G3 Character Set (LS3)

       "ESC ( C"
           Designate G0 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of "C".

       "ESC ) C"
           Designate G1 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of "C".

       "ESC * C"
           Designate G2 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of "C".

       "ESC + C"
           Designate G3 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of "C".

       "ESC $ C"
           Designate Kanji Character Set

           Where "C" is one of:

           C = 0    DEC Special Character and Line Drawing Set
           C = A    United Kingdom (UK)
           C = B    United States (USASCII)
           C = <    Multinational character set unimplemented
           C = 5    Finnish character set unimplemented
           C = C    Finnish character set unimplemented
           C = K    German character set unimplemented

   CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
       "ESC [ Ps @"
           Insert "Ps" (Blank) Character(s) [default: 1] (ICH)

       "ESC [ Ps A"
           Cursor Up "Ps" Times [default: 1] (CUU)

       "ESC [ Ps B"
           Cursor Down "Ps" Times [default: 1] (CUD)

       "ESC [ Ps C"
           Cursor Forward "Ps" Times [default: 1] (CUF)

       "ESC [ Ps D"
           Cursor Backward "Ps" Times [default: 1] (CUB)

       "ESC [ Ps E"
           Cursor Down "Ps" Times [default: 1] and to first column

       "ESC [ Ps F"
           Cursor Up "Ps" Times [default: 1] and to first column

       "ESC [ Ps G"
           Cursor to Column "Ps" (HPA)

       "ESC [ Ps;Ps H"
           Cursor Position [row;column] [default: 1;1] (CUP)

       "ESC [ Ps I"
           Move forward "Ps" tab stops [default: 1]

       "ESC [ Ps J"
           Erase in Display (ED)

           Ps = 0   Clear Below (default)
           Ps = 1   Clear Above
           Ps = 2   Clear All

       "ESC [ Ps K"
           Erase in Line (EL)

           Ps = 0             Clear to Right (default)
           Ps = 1             Clear to Left
           Ps = 2             Clear All
           Ps = 3             Like Ps = 0, but is ignored when wrapped
                              (urxvt extension)

       "ESC [ Ps L"
           Insert "Ps" Line(s) [default: 1] (IL)

       "ESC [ Ps M"
           Delete "Ps" Line(s) [default: 1] (DL)

       "ESC [ Ps P"
           Delete "Ps" Character(s) [default: 1] (DCH)

       "ESC [ Ps;Ps;Ps;Ps;Ps T"
           Initiate . unimplemented Parameters are
           [func;startx;starty;firstrow;lastrow].

       "ESC [ Ps W"
           Tabulator functions

           Ps = 0   Tab Set (HTS)
           Ps = 2   Tab Clear (TBC), Clear Current Column (default)
           Ps = 5   Tab Clear (TBC), Clear All

       "ESC [ Ps X"
           Erase "Ps" Character(s) [default: 1] (ECH)

       "ESC [ Ps Z"
           Move backward "Ps" [default: 1] tab stops

       "ESC [ Ps '"
           See "ESC [ Ps G"

       "ESC [ Ps a"
           See "ESC [ Ps C"

       "ESC [ Ps c"
           Send Device Attributes (DA) "Ps = 0" (or omitted): request
           attributes from terminal returns: "ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 c" (‘‘I am a VT100
           with Advanced Video Option’’)

       "ESC [ Ps d"
           Cursor to Line "Ps" (VPA)

       "ESC [ Ps e"
           See "ESC [ Ps A"

       "ESC [ Ps;Ps f"
           Horizontal and Vertical Position [row;column] (HVP) [default: 1;1]

       "ESC [ Ps g"
           Tab Clear (TBC)

           Ps = 0   Clear Current Column (default)
           Ps = 3   Clear All (TBC)

       "ESC [ Pm h"
           Set Mode (SM). See "ESC [ Pm l" sequence for description of "Pm".

       "ESC [ Ps i"
           Printing. See also the "print-pipe" resource.

           Ps = 0   print screen (MC0)
           Ps = 4   disable transparent print mode (MC4)
           Ps = 5   enable transparent print mode (MC5)

       "ESC [ Pm l"
           Reset Mode (RM)

           "Ps = 4"

               h   Insert Mode (SMIR)
               l   Replace Mode (RMIR)
           "Ps = 20" (partially implemented)
               h   Automatic Newline (LNM)
               l   Normal Linefeed (LNM)
       "ESC [ Pm m"
           Character Attributes (SGR)

           Ps = 0             Normal (default)
           Ps = 1 / 21        On / Off Bold (bright fg)
           Ps = 3 / 23        On / Off Italic
           Ps = 4 / 24        On / Off Underline
           Ps = 5 / 25        On / Off Slow Blink (bright bg)
           Ps = 6 / 26        On / Off Rapid Blink (bright bg)
           Ps = 7 / 27        On / Off Inverse
           Ps = 8 / 27        On / Off Invisible (NYI)
           Ps = 30 / 40       fg/bg Black
           Ps = 31 / 41       fg/bg Red
           Ps = 32 / 42       fg/bg Green
           Ps = 33 / 43       fg/bg Yellow
           Ps = 34 / 44       fg/bg Blue
           Ps = 35 / 45       fg/bg Magenta
           Ps = 36 / 46       fg/bg Cyan
           Ps = 38;5 / 48;5   set fg/bg to color #m (ISO 8613-6)
           Ps = 37 / 47       fg/bg White
           Ps = 39 / 49       fg/bg Default
           Ps = 90 / 100      fg/bg Bright Black
           Ps = 91 / 101      fg/bg Bright Red
           Ps = 92 / 102      fg/bg Bright Green
           Ps = 93 / 103      fg/bg Bright Yellow
           Ps = 94 / 104      fg/bg Bright Blue
           Ps = 95 / 105      fg/bg Bright Magenta
           Ps = 96 / 106      fg/bg Bright Cyan
           Ps = 97 / 107      fg/bg Bright White
           Ps = 99 / 109      fg/bg Bright Default

       "ESC [ Ps n"
           Device Status Report (DSR)

           Ps = 5   Status Report ESC [ 0 n (‘‘OK’’)
           Ps = 6   Report Cursor Position (CPR) [row;column] as ESC [ r ; c R
           Ps = 7   Request Display Name
           Ps = 8   Request Version Number (place in window title)

       "ESC [ Ps;Ps r"
           Set Scrolling Region [top;bottom] [default: full size of window]
           (CSR)

       "ESC [ s"
           Save Cursor (SC)

       "ESC [ Ps;Pt t"
           Window Operations

           Ps = 1      Deiconify (map) window
           Ps = 2      Iconify window
           Ps = 3      ESC [ 3 ; X ; Y t Move window to (X|Y)
           Ps = 4      ESC [ 4 ; H ; W t Resize to WxH pixels
           Ps = 5      Raise window
           Ps = 6      Lower window
           Ps = 7      Refresh screen once
           Ps = 8      ESC [ 8 ; R ; C t Resize to R rows and C columns
           Ps = 11     Report window state (responds with Ps = 1 or Ps = 2)
           Ps = 13     Report window position (responds with Ps = 3)
           Ps = 14     Report window pixel size (responds with Ps = 4)
           Ps = 18     Report window text size (responds with Ps = 7)
           Ps = 19     Currently the same as Ps = 18, but responds with Ps = 9
           Ps = 20     Reports icon label (ESC ] L NAME 234)
           Ps = 21     Reports window title (ESC ] l NAME 234)
           Ps = 24..   Set window height to Ps rows

       "ESC [ u"
           Restore Cursor

       "ESC [ Ps x"
           Request Terminal Parameters (DECREQTPARM)

   DEC Private Modes
       "ESC [ ? Pm h"
           DEC Private Mode Set (DECSET)

       "ESC [ ? Pm l"
           DEC Private Mode Reset (DECRST)

       "ESC [ ? Pm r"
           Restore previously saved DEC Private Mode Values.

       "ESC [ ? Pm s"
           Save DEC Private Mode Values.

       "ESC [ ? Pm t"
           Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). where

           "Pm = 1" (DECCKM)

               h   Application Cursor Keys
               l   Normal Cursor Keys
           "Pm = 2" (ANSI/VT52 mode)
               h   Enter VT52 mode
               l   Enter VT52 mode
           "Pm = 3"
               h   132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
               l   80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
           "Pm = 4"
               h   Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)
               l   Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)
           "Pm = 5"
               h   Reverse Video (DECSCNM)
               l   Normal Video (DECSCNM)
           "Pm = 6"
               h   Origin Mode (DECOM)
               l   Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)
           "Pm = 7"
               h   Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
               l   No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
           "Pm = 8" unimplemented
               h   Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
               l   No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
           "Pm = 9" X10 XTerm
               h   Send Mouse X & Y on button press.

               l   No mouse reporting.
           "Pm = 25"
               h   Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}
               l   Invisible cursor {civis}
           "Pm = 30"
               h   scrollBar visible
               l   scrollBar invisible
           "Pm = 35" (rxvt)
               h   Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences
               l   Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences
           "Pm = 38" unimplemented
               Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)

           "Pm = 40"

               h   Allow 80/132 Mode
               l   Disallow 80/132 Mode
           "Pm = 44" unimplemented
               h   Turn On Margin Bell
               l   Turn Off Margin Bell
           "Pm = 45" unimplemented
               h   Reverse-wraparound Mode
               l   No Reverse-wraparound Mode
           "Pm = 46" unimplemented
           "Pm = 47"
               h   Use Alternate Screen Buffer
               l   Use Normal Screen Buffer

           "Pm = 66"

               h   Application Keypad (DECPAM) == ESC =
               l   Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == ESC >
           "Pm = 67"
               h   Backspace key sends BS (DECBKM)
               l   Backspace key sends DEL
           "Pm = 1000" (X11 XTerm)
               h   Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.
               l   No mouse reporting.
           "Pm = 1001" (X11 XTerm) unimplemented
               h   Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.
               l   No mouse reporting.
           "Pm = 1002" (X11 XTerm)
               h   Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release, and motion with a button pressed.
               l   No mouse reporting.
           "Pm = 1003" (X11 XTerm)
               h   Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release, and motion.
               l   No mouse reporting.
           "Pm = 1010" (rxvt)
               h   Don’t scroll to bottom on TTY output
               l   Scroll to bottom on TTY output
           "Pm = 1011" (rxvt)
               h   Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
               l   Don’t scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
           "Pm = 1021" (rxvt)
               h   Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option -is)
               l   Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)
           "Pm = 1047"
               h   Use Alternate Screen Buffer
               l   Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it
           "Pm = 1048"
               h   Save cursor position
               l   Restore cursor position
           "Pm = 1049"
               h   Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it
               l   Use Normal Screen Buffer
           "Pm = 2004"
               h   Enable bracketed paste mode - prepend / append to the pasted text the control sequences ESC [ 200 ~ / ESC [ 201 ~

               l   Disable bracketed paste mode

   XTerm Operating System Commands
       "ESC ] Ps;Pt ST"
           Set XTerm Parameters. 8-bit ST: 0x9c, 7-bit ST sequence: ESC \
           (0x1b, 0x5c), backwards compatible terminator BEL (0x07) is also
           accepted. any octet can be escaped by prefixing it with SYN (0x16,
           ^V).

           Ps = 0     Change Icon Name and Window Title to Pt
           Ps = 1     Change Icon Name to Pt
           Ps = 2     Change Window Title to Pt
           Ps = 3     If Pt starts with a ?, query the (STRING) property of the window and return it. If Pt contains a =, set the named property to the given value, else delete the specified property.
           Ps = 4     Pt is a semi-colon separated sequence of one or more semi-colon separated number/name pairs, where number is an index to a colour and name is the name of a colour. Each pair causes the numbered colour to be changed to name. Numbers 0-7 corresponds to low-intensity (normal) colours and 8-15 corresponds to high-intensity colours. 0=black, 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white
           Ps = 10    Change colour of text foreground to Pt
           Ps = 11    Change colour of text background to Pt
           Ps = 12    Change colour of text cursor foreground to Pt
           Ps = 13    Change colour of mouse foreground to Pt
           Ps = 17    Change colour of highlight characters to Pt
           Ps = 18    Change colour of bold characters to Pt [deprecated, see 706]
           Ps = 19    Change colour of underlined characters to Pt [deprecated, see 707]
           Ps = 20    Change background pixmap parameters (see section BACKGROUND IMAGE) (Compile AfterImage).
           Ps = 39    Change default foreground colour to Pt. [deprecated, use 10]
           Ps = 46    Change Log File to Pt unimplemented
           Ps = 49    Change default background colour to Pt. [deprecated, use 11]
           Ps = 50    Set fontset to Pt, with the following special values of Pt (rxvt) #+n change up n #-n change down n if n is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used empty change to font0 n change to font n
           Ps = 55    Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to Pt [disabled]
           Ps = 701   Change current locale to Pt, or, if Pt is ?, return the current locale (Compile frills).
           Ps = 702   Request version if Pt is ?, returning rxvt-unicode, the resource name, the major and minor version numbers, e.g. ESC ] 702 ; rxvt-unicode ; urxvt ; 7 ; 4 ST.
           Ps = 704   Change colour of italic characters to Pt
           Ps = 705   Change background pixmap tint colour to Pt (Compile transparency).
           Ps = 706   Change colour of bold characters to Pt
           Ps = 707   Change colour of underlined characters to Pt
           Ps = 708   Change colour of the border to Pt
           Ps = 710   Set normal fontset to Pt. Same as Ps = 50.
           Ps = 711   Set bold fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).
           Ps = 712   Set italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).
           Ps = 713   Set bold-italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).
           Ps = 720   Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).
           Ps = 721   Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).
           Ps = 777   Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).

BACKGROUND IMAGE

       For the BACKGROUND IMAGE XTerm escape sequence "ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST" the
       value of "Pt" can be the name of the background image file followed by
       a sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons.
       The scaling/positioning commands are as follows:

       query scale/position
           ?

       change scale and position
           WxH+X+Y

           WxH+X (== WxH+X+X)

           WxH (same as WxH+50+50)

           W+X+Y (same as WxW+X+Y)

           W+X (same as WxW+X+X)

           W (same as WxW+50+50)

       change position (absolute)
           =+X+Y

           =+X (same as =+X+Y)

       change position (relative)
           +X+Y

           +X (same as +X+Y)

       rescale (relative)
           Wx0 -> W *= (W/100)

           0xH -> H *= (H/100)

       For example:

       \E]20;funky.jpg\a
           load funky.jpg as a tiled image

       \E]20;mona.jpg;100\a
           load mona.jpg with a scaling of 100%

       \E]20;;200;?\a
           rescale the current pixmap to 200% and display the image geometry
           in the title

Mouse Reporting

       "ESC [ M <b> <x> <y>"
           report mouse position

       The lower 2 bits of "<b>" indicate the button:

       Button = "(<b> - SPACE) & 3"

           0   Button1 pressed
           1   Button2 pressed
           2   Button3 pressed
           3   button released (X11 mouse report)

       The upper bits of "<b>" indicate the modifiers when the button was
       pressed and are added together (X11 mouse report only):

       State = "(<b> - SPACE) & 60"

           4    Shift
           8    Meta
           16   Control
           32   Double Click (rxvt extension)
           Col = "<x> - SPACE"

           Row = "<y> - SPACE"

Key Codes

       Note: Shift + F1-F10 generates F11-F20

       For the keypad, use Shift to temporarily override Application-Keypad
       setting use Num_Lock to toggle Application-Keypad setting if Num_Lock
       is off, toggle Application-Keypad setting. Also note that values of
       Home, End, Delete may have been compiled differently on your system.

                         Normal       Shift         Control      Ctrl+Shift
       Tab               ^I           ESC [ Z       ^I           ESC [ Z
       BackSpace         ^H           ^?            ^?           ^?
       Find              ESC [ 1 ~    ESC [ 1 $     ESC [ 1 ^    ESC [ 1 @
       Insert            ESC [ 2 ~    paste         ESC [ 2 ^    ESC [ 2 @
       Execute           ESC [ 3 ~    ESC [ 3 $     ESC [ 3 ^    ESC [ 3 @
       Select            ESC [ 4 ~    ESC [ 4 $     ESC [ 4 ^    ESC [ 4 @
       Prior             ESC [ 5 ~    scroll-up     ESC [ 5 ^    ESC [ 5 @

       Next              ESC [ 6 ~    scroll-down   ESC [ 6 ^    ESC [ 6 @
       Home              ESC [ 7 ~    ESC [ 7 $     ESC [ 7 ^    ESC [ 7 @
       End               ESC [ 8 ~    ESC [ 8 $     ESC [ 8 ^    ESC [ 8 @
       Delete            ESC [ 3 ~    ESC [ 3 $     ESC [ 3 ^    ESC [ 3 @
       F1                ESC [ 11 ~   ESC [ 23 ~    ESC [ 11 ^   ESC [ 23 ^
       F2                ESC [ 12 ~   ESC [ 24 ~    ESC [ 12 ^   ESC [ 24 ^
       F3                ESC [ 13 ~   ESC [ 25 ~    ESC [ 13 ^   ESC [ 25 ^
       F4                ESC [ 14 ~   ESC [ 26 ~    ESC [ 14 ^   ESC [ 26 ^
       F5                ESC [ 15 ~   ESC [ 28 ~    ESC [ 15 ^   ESC [ 28 ^
       F6                ESC [ 17 ~   ESC [ 29 ~    ESC [ 17 ^   ESC [ 29 ^
       F7                ESC [ 18 ~   ESC [ 31 ~    ESC [ 18 ^   ESC [ 31 ^
       F8                ESC [ 19 ~   ESC [ 32 ~    ESC [ 19 ^   ESC [ 32 ^
       F9                ESC [ 20 ~   ESC [ 33 ~    ESC [ 20 ^   ESC [ 33 ^
       F10               ESC [ 21 ~   ESC [ 34 ~    ESC [ 21 ^   ESC [ 34 ^
       F11               ESC [ 23 ~   ESC [ 23 $    ESC [ 23 ^   ESC [ 23 @
       F12               ESC [ 24 ~   ESC [ 24 $    ESC [ 24 ^   ESC [ 24 @
       F13               ESC [ 25 ~   ESC [ 25 $    ESC [ 25 ^   ESC [ 25 @
       F14               ESC [ 26 ~   ESC [ 26 $    ESC [ 26 ^   ESC [ 26 @
       F15 (Help)        ESC [ 28 ~   ESC [ 28 $    ESC [ 28 ^   ESC [ 28 @
       F16 (Menu)        ESC [ 29 ~   ESC [ 29 $    ESC [ 29 ^   ESC [ 29 @
       F17               ESC [ 31 ~   ESC [ 31 $    ESC [ 31 ^   ESC [ 31 @
       F18               ESC [ 32 ~   ESC [ 32 $    ESC [ 32 ^   ESC [ 32 @
       F19               ESC [ 33 ~   ESC [ 33 $    ESC [ 33 ^   ESC [ 33 @
       F20               ESC [ 34 ~   ESC [ 34 $    ESC [ 34 ^   ESC [ 34 @
                                                                 Application
       Up                ESC [ A      ESC [ a       ESC O a      ESC O A
       Down              ESC [ B      ESC [ b       ESC O b      ESC O B
       Right             ESC [ C      ESC [ c       ESC O c      ESC O C
       Left              ESC [ D      ESC [ d       ESC O d      ESC O D
       KP_Enter          ^M                                      ESC O M
       KP_F1             ESC O P                                 ESC O P
       KP_F2             ESC O Q                                 ESC O Q
       KP_F3             ESC O R                                 ESC O R
       KP_F4             ESC O S                                 ESC O S
       XK_KP_Multiply    *                                       ESC O j
       XK_KP_Add         +                                       ESC O k
       XK_KP_Separator   ,                                       ESC O l
       XK_KP_Subtract    -                                       ESC O m
       XK_KP_Decimal     .                                       ESC O n
       XK_KP_Divide      /                                       ESC O o
       XK_KP_0           0                                       ESC O p
       XK_KP_1           1                                       ESC O q
       XK_KP_2           2                                       ESC O r
       XK_KP_3           3                                       ESC O s
       XK_KP_4           4                                       ESC O t
       XK_KP_5           5                                       ESC O u
       XK_KP_6           6                                       ESC O v
       XK_KP_7           7                                       ESC O w
       XK_KP_8           8                                       ESC O x
       XK_KP_9           9                                       ESC O y

CONFIGURE OPTIONS

       General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration
       hasn’t been tested well. Either try with "--enable-everything" or use
       the default configuration (i.e. no "--enable-xxx" or "--disable-xxx"
       switches). Of course, you should always report when a combination
       doesn’t work, so it can be fixed. Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.

       All

       --enable-everything
           Add (or remove) support for all non-multichoice options listed in
           "./configure --help", except for "--enable-assert".

           You can specify this and then disable options you do not like by
           following this with the appropriate "--disable-..." arguments, or
           you can start with a minimal configuration by specifying
           "--disable-everything" and than adding just the "--enable-..."
           arguments you want.

       --enable-xft (default: enabled)
           Add support for Xft (anti-aliases, among others) fonts. Xft fonts
           are slower and require lots of memory, but as long as you don’t use
           them, you don’t pay for them.

       --enable-font-styles (default: on)
           Add support for bold, italic and bold italic font styles. The fonts
           can be set manually or automatically.

       --with-codesets=NAME,... (default: all)
           Compile in support for additional codeset (encoding) groups ("eu",
           "vn" are always compiled in, which includes most 8-bit character
           sets). These codeset tables are used for driving X11 core fonts,
           they are not required for Xft fonts, although having them compiled
           in lets rxvt-unicode choose replacement fonts more intelligently.
           Compiling them in will make your binary bigger (all of together
           cost about 700kB), but it doesn’t increase memory usage unless you
           use a font requiring one of these encodings.

           all      all available codeset groups
           zh       common chinese encodings
           zh_ext   rarely used but very big chinese encodings
           jp       common japanese encodings
           jp_ext   rarely used but big japanese encodings
           kr       korean encodings

       --enable-xim (default: on)
           Add support for XIM (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using
           alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly
           set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.

       --enable-unicode3 (default: off)
           Recommended to stay off unless you really need non-BMP characters.

           Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above 65535
           (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage requirements
           per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet support these
           extra characters, but Xft does.

           Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535
           even without this flag, but the number of such characters is
           limited to a few thousand (shared with combining characters, see
           next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them
           (input/output and cut&paste still work, though).

       --enable-combining (default: on)
           Enable automatic composition of combining characters into composite
           characters. This is required for proper viewing of text where
           accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is done by
           using precomposited characters when available or creating new
           pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.

           Without --enable-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed
           characters is somewhat limited (the 6400 private use characters
           will be (ab-)used). With --enable-unicode3, no practical limit
           exists.

           This option will also enable storage (but not display) of
           characters beyond plane 0 (>65535) when --enable-unicode3 was not
           specified.

           The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation
           forms, but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these
           to be used (and tell me how these are to be used...).

       --enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)
           When reading resource settings, also read settings for class CLASS.
           To disable resource fallback use --disable-fallback.

       --with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
           Use the given name as default application name when reading
           resources. Specify --with-res-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.

       --with-res-class=CLASS (default: URxvt)
           Use the given class as default application class when reading
           resources. Specify --with-res-class=Rxvt to replace rxvt.

       --enable-utmp (default: on)
           Write user and tty to utmp file (used by programs like w) at start
           of rxvt execution and delete information when rxvt exits.

       --enable-wtmp (default: on)
           Write user and tty to wtmp file (used by programs like last) at
           start of rxvt execution and write logout when rxvt exits.  This
           option requires --enable-utmp to also be specified.

       --enable-lastlog (default: on)
           Write user and tty to lastlog file (used by programs like
           lastlogin) at start of rxvt execution.  This option requires
           --enable-utmp to also be specified.

       --enable-afterimage (default: on)
           Add support for libAfterImage to be used for transparency and
           background images. It adds support for many file formats including
           JPG, PNG, SVG, TIFF, GIF, XPM, BMP, ICO, XCF, TGA and AfterStep
           image XML
           (<http://www.afterstep.org/visualdoc.php?show=asimagexml>).

           This option also adds such eye candy as blending an image over the
           root background, as well as dynamic scaling and bluring of
           background images.

           Note that with this option enabled, urxvt’s memory footprint might
           increase by a few megabytes even if no extra features are used
           (mostly due to third-party libraries used by libAI). Memory
           footprint may somewhat be lowered if libAfterImage is configured
           without support for SVG.

       --enable-transparency (default: on)
           Add support for backgrounds, creating illusion of transparency in
           the term.

       --enable-fading (default: on)
           Add support for fading the text when focus is lost.

       --enable-rxvt-scroll (default: on)
           Add support for the original rxvt scrollbar.

       --enable-next-scroll (default: on)
           Add support for a NeXT-like scrollbar.

       --enable-xterm-scroll (default: on)
           Add support for an Xterm-like scrollbar.

       --disable-backspace-key
           Removes any handling of the backspace key by us - let the X server
           do it.

       --disable-delete-key
           Removes any handling of the delete key by us - let the X server do
           it.

       --disable-resources
           Removes any support for resource checking.

       --disable-swapscreen
           Remove support for secondary/swap screen.

       --enable-frills (default: on)
           Add support for many small features that are not essential but nice
           to have. Normally you want this, but for very small binaries you
           may want to disable this.

           A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by "--enable-frills"
           (possibly in combination with other switches) is:

             MWM-hints
             EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
             urgency hint
             seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
             settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
             visual depth selection (-depth)
             settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
             iso-14755 5.1 (basic) support
             tripleclickwords (-tcw)
             settable insecure mode (-insecure)
             keysym remapping support
             cursor blinking and underline cursor (-bc, -uc)
             XEmbed support (-embed)
             user-pty (-pty-fd)
             hold on exit (-hold)
             compile in built-in block graphics
             skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)
             separate highlightcolor support (-hc)

           It also enables some non-essential features otherwise disabled,
           such as:

             some round-trip time optimisations
             nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
             UTF8_STRING support for selection
             sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
             backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
             view change/zero scrollback escape sequences
             locale switching escape sequence
             window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
             rectangular selections
             trailing space removal for selections
             verbose X error handling

       --enable-iso14755 (default: on)
           Enable extended ISO 14755 support (see urxvt(1)).  Basic support
           (section 5.1) is enabled by "--enable-frills", while support for
           5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 is enabled with this switch.

       --enable-keepscrolling (default: on)
           Add support for continual scrolling of the display when you hold
           the mouse button down on a scrollbar arrow.

       --enable-selectionscrolling (default: on)
           Add support for scrolling when the selection moves to the top or
           bottom of the screen.

       --enable-mousewheel (default: on)
           Add support for scrolling via mouse wheel or buttons 4 & 5.

       --enable-slipwheeling (default: on)
           Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an
           accelerator) while the control key is held down.  This option
           requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.

       --enable-smart-resize (default: off)
           Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when resizing.  This should keep
           the window corner which is closest to a corner of the screen in a
           fixed position.

       --enable-text-blink (default: on)
           Add support for blinking text.

       --enable-pointer-blank (default: on)
           Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.

       --enable-perl (default: on)
           Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the urxvtperl(3) manpage
           for more info on this feature, or the files in src/perl/ for the
           extensions that are installed by default.  The perl interpreter
           that is used can be specified via the "PERL" environment variable
           when running configure. Even when compiled in, perl will not be
           initialised when all extensions have been disabled "-pe ""
           --perl-ext-common """, so it should be safe to enable from a
           resource standpoint.

       --enable-assert (default: off)
           Enables the assertions in the code, normally disabled. This switch
           is only useful when developing rxvt-unicode.

       --with-afterimage-config=DIR
           Look for the libAfterImage config script in DIR.

       --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
           Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting in "urxvt",
           "urxvtd" etc.). Specify "--with-name=rxvt" to replace with "rxvt".

       --with-term=NAME (default: rxvt-unicode)
           Change the environmental variable for the terminal to NAME.

       --with-terminfo=PATH
           Change the environmental variable for the path to the terminfo tree
           to PATH.

       --with-x
           Use the X Window System (pretty much default, eh?).

AUTHORS

       Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de> converted this document to pod and
       reworked it from the original Rxvt documentation, which was done by
       Geoff Wing <gcw@pobox.com>, who in turn used the XTerm documentation
       and other sources.