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NAME

       pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration

SYNOPSIS

       postmap -q "string" pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename

       postmap -q - pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename <inputfile

DESCRIPTION

       The  Postfix  mail system uses optional tables for address rewriting or
       mail routing. These tables are usually in dbm or db format.

       Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified as PostgreSQL  databases.
       In  order  to  use  PostgreSQL lookups, define a PostgreSQL source as a
       lookup table in main.cf, for example:
           alias_maps = pgsql:/etc/pgsql-aliases.cf

       The file /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf  has  the  same  format  as  the
       Postfix main.cf file, and can specify the parameters described below.

BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY

       For   compatibility   with  other  Postfix  lookup  tables,  PostgreSQL
       parameters can also be defined  in  main.cf.   In  order  to  do  that,
       specify  as PostgreSQL source a name that doesn’t begin with a slash or
       a dot.  The PostgreSQL parameters will then be accessible as  the  name
       you’ve  given the source in its definition, an underscore, and the name
       of  the  parameter.   For  example,  if  the  map   is   specified   as
       "pgsql:pgsqlname",  the  parameter  "hosts"  below  would be defined in
       main.cf as "pgsqlname_hosts".

       Note: with this form, the passwords  for  the  PostgreSQL  sources  are
       written in main.cf, which is normally world-readable.  Support for this
       form will be removed in a future Postfix version.

       Postfix 2.2 has enhanced query interfaces  for  MySQL  and  PostgreSQL,
       these  include  features  previously available only in the Postfix LDAP
       client. In the new interface the SQL query is specified  via  a  single
       query  parameter  (described in more detail below).  In Postfix 2.1 the
       parameter precedence was,  from  highest  to  lowest,  select_function,
       query and finally select_field, ...

       With  Postfix  2.2  the  query parameter has highest precedence, and is
       used in preference to the still supported, but slated to be phased out,
       select_function,      select_field,      table,     where_field     and
       additional_conditions parameters. To migrate to the new interface set:

           query = SELECT select_function(’%s’)

       or in the absence of select_function, the lower precedence:

           query = SELECT select_field
               FROM table
               WHERE where_field = ’%s’
                   additional_conditions

       Use the value, not the name, of each legacy parameter.  Note  that  the
       additional_conditions  parameter  is  optional  and  if not empty, will
       always start with AND.

LIST MEMBERSHIP

       When using SQL to store  lists  such  as  $mynetworks,  $mydestination,
       $relay_domains,   $local_recipient_maps,   etc.,  it  is  important  to
       understand that the table must store each list  member  as  a  separate
       key. The table lookup verifies the *existence* of the key. See "Postfix
       lists versus tables" in the DATABASE_README document for a  discussion.

       Do  NOT  create  tables  that  return  the  full  list  of  domains  in
       $mydestination or $relay_domains etc., or IP addresses in  $mynetworks.

       DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with an arbitrary
       value. With SQL databases it is not uncommon to return the  key  itself
       or a constant value.

PGSQL PARAMETERS

       hosts  The  hosts  that  Postfix will try to connect to and query from.
              Specify unix: for UNIX-domain sockets, inet: for TCP connections
              (default).  Example:
                  hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain
                  hosts = unix:/file/name

              The  hosts  are tried in random order, with all connections over
              UNIX domain sockets being tried  before  those  over  TCP.   The
              connections  are automatically closed after being idle for about
              1 minute, and are re-opened as necessary.

              NOTE: the unix: and inet: prefixes are  accepted  for  backwards
              compatibility reasons, but are actually ignored.  The PostgreSQL
              client library will always try to connect to an UNIX  socket  if
              the  name  starts  with  a  slash, and will try a TCP connection
              otherwise.

       user, password
              The user name  and  password  to  log  into  the  pgsql  server.
              Example:
                  user = someone
                  password = some_password

       dbname The database name on the servers. Example:
                  dbname = customer_database

       query  The  SQL query template used to search the database, where %s is
              a substitute for the address Postfix is trying to resolve,  e.g.
                  query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = ’%s’

              This parameter supports the following ’%’ expansions:

              %%     This is replaced by a literal ’%’ character. (Postfix 2.2
                     and later)

              %s     This is replaced by the input key.  SQL quoting  is  used
                     to  make  sure that the input key does not add unexpected
                     metacharacters.

              %u     When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
                     %u  is  replaced  by  the  SQL  quoted  local part of the
                     address.  Otherwise, %u is replaced by the entire  search
                     string.    If  the  localpart  is  empty,  the  query  is
                     suppressed and returns no results.

              %d     When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
                     %d  is  replaced  by  the  SQL  quoted domain part of the
                     address.  Otherwise, the query is suppressed and  returns
                     no results.

              %[SUD] The upper-case equivalents of the above expansions behave
                     in the query parameter identically  to  their  lower-case
                     counter-parts.   With  the  result_format  parameter (see
                     below), they expand the input key rather than the  result
                     value.

                     The  above  %S,  %U  and %D expansions are available with
                     Postfix 2.2 and later

              %[1-9] The  patterns  %1,  %2,  ...  %9  are  replaced  by   the
                     corresponding  most  significant  component  of the input
                     key’s domain. If the input key is  user@mail.example.com,
                     then  %1  is  com,  %2  is example and %3 is mail. If the
                     input key is unqualified or does not have  enough  domain
                     components  to  satisfy  all  the specified patterns, the
                     query is suppressed and returns no results.

                     The above  %1,  ...  %9  expansions  are  available  with
                     Postfix 2.2 and later

              The  domain  parameter  described below limits the input keys to
              addresses in matching domains. When the domain parameter is non-
              empty,  SQL  queries  for  unqualified addresses or addresses in
              non-matching domains are suppressed and return no results.

              The precedence of this parameter has changed with  Postfix  2.2,
              in  prior  releases  the precedence was, from highest to lowest,
              select_function, query, select_field, ...

              With Postfix 2.2 the query parameter has highest precedence, see
              COMPATIBILITY above.

              NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the query parameter.

       result_format (default: %s)
              Format template applied to result attributes. Most commonly used
              to append (or  prepend)  text  to  the  result.  This  parameter
              supports the following ’%’ expansions:

              %%     This is replaced by a literal ’%’ character.

              %s     This  is  replaced  by the value of the result attribute.
                     When result is empty it is skipped.

              %u     When the result attribute value is an address of the form
                     user@domain,  %u  is  replaced  by  the local part of the
                     address. When the result has an  empty  localpart  it  is
                     skipped.

              %d     When  a  result attribute value is an address of the form
                     user@domain, %d is replaced by the  domain  part  of  the
                     attribute  value.  When  the  result is unqualified it is
                     skipped.

              %[SUD1-9]
                     The upper-case and decimal digit  expansions  interpolate
                     the  parts of the input key rather than the result. Their
                     behavior is identical to that described with  query,  and
                     in  fact  because  the  input  key  is  known in advance,
                     queries whose key does not contain  all  the  information
                     specified  in  the  result  template  are  suppressed and
                     return no results.

              For example, using "result_format = smtp:[%s]" allows one to use
              a mailHost attribute as the basis of a transport(5) table. After
              applying the result format, multiple values are concatenated  as
              comma  separated  strings.  The  expansion_limit  and  parameter
              explained below allows one to restrict the number of  values  in
              the result, which is especially useful for maps that must return
              at most one value.

              The default value %s specifies that each result value should  be
              used as is.

              This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.

              NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format!

       domain (default: no domain list)
              This is a list of domain names, paths to files, or dictionaries.
              When specified, only fully qualified search keys  with  a  *non-
              empty*  localpart and a matching domain are eligible for lookup:
              ’user’ lookups, bare domain lookups and  "@domain"  lookups  are
              not  performed.  This can significantly reduce the query load on
              the PostgreSQL server.
                  domain = postfix.org, hash:/etc/postfix/searchdomains

              It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eligible for  SQL
              lookups.

              This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.

              NOTE: DO NOT define this parameter for local(8) aliases, because
              the input keys are always unqualified.

       expansion_limit (default: 0)
              A limit on the total number of result elements  returned  (as  a
              comma separated list) by a lookup against the map.  A setting of
              zero disables the limit. Lookups fail with a temporary error  if
              the  limit  is  exceeded.   Setting  the limit to 1 ensures that
              lookups do not return multiple values.

OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES

       This section describes query  interfaces  that  are  deprecated  as  of
       Postfix  2.2.   Please  migrate  to  the new query interface as the old
       interfaces are slated to be phased out.

       select_function
              This parameter specifies a database function name. Example:
                  select_function = my_lookup_user_alias

              This is equivalent to:
                  query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias(’%s’)

              This  parameter  overrides  the  legacy   table-related   fields
              (described  below).  With Postfix versions prior to 2.2, it also
              overrides the query parameter. Starting with  Postfix  2.2,  the
              query  parameter has highest precedence, and the select_function
              parameter is deprecated.

       The   following   parameters   (with   lower   precedence   than    the
       select_function interface described above) can be used to build the SQL
       select statement as follows:

           SELECT [select_field]
           FROM [table]
           WHERE [where_field] = ’%s’
                 [additional_conditions]

       The specifier %s is replaced with each lookup by the lookup key and  is
       escaped  so  if  it  contains single quotes or other odd characters, it
       will not cause a parse error, or worse, a security problem.

       Starting with Postfix 2.2, this interface  is  obsoleted  by  the  more
       general query interface described above. If higher precedence the query
       or  select_function  parameters  described  above  are   defined,   the
       parameters described here are ignored.

       select_field
              The SQL "select" parameter. Example:
                  select_field = forw_addr

       table  The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example:
                  table = mxaliases

       where_field
              The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example:
                  where_field = alias

       additional_conditions
              Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example:
                  additional_conditions = AND status = ’paid’

SEE ALSO

       postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager
       postconf(5), configuration parameters
       ldap_table(5), LDAP lookup tables
       mysql_table(5), MySQL lookup tables

README FILES

       Use  "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate
       this information.
       DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview
       PGSQL_README, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide

LICENSE

       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

HISTORY

       PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.

AUTHOR(S)

       Based on the MySQL client by:
       Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
       IC Group, Inc.

       Ported to PostgreSQL by:
       Aaron Sethman

       Further enhanced by:
       Liviu Daia
       Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
       P.O. BOX 1-764
       RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA