NAME
strtoul, strtoull, strtouq - convert a string to an unsigned long
integer
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdlib.h>
unsigned long int strtoul(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);
unsigned long long int strtoull(const char *nptr, char **endptr,
int base);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
strtoull(): XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600 || _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE ||
_ISOC99_SOURCE; or cc -std=c99
DESCRIPTION
The strtoul() function converts the initial part of the string in nptr
to an unsigned long int value according to the given base, which must
be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be the special value 0.
The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as
determined by isspace(3)) followed by a single optional '+' or '-'
sign. If base is zero or 16, the string may then include a "0x"
prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero base
is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is '0', in which
case it is taken as 8 (octal).
The remainder of the string is converted to an unsigned long int value
in the obvious manner, stopping at the first character which is not a
valid digit in the given base. (In bases above 10, the letter 'A' in
either upper or lower case represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so
forth, with 'Z' representing 35.)
If endptr is not NULL, strtoul() stores the address of the first
invalid character in *endptr. If there were no digits at all,
strtoul() stores the original value of nptr in *endptr (and returns 0).
In particular, if *nptr is not '\0' but **endptr is '\0' on return, the
entire string is valid.
The strtoull() function works just like the strtoul() function but
returns an unsigned long long int value.
RETURN VALUE
The strtoul() function returns either the result of the conversion or,
if there was a leading minus sign, the negation of the result of the
conversion represented as an unsigned value, unless the original
(nonnegated) value would overflow; in the latter case, strtoul()
returns ULONG_MAX and sets errno to ERANGE. Precisely the same holds
for strtoull() (with ULLONG_MAX instead of ULONG_MAX).
ERRORS
EINVAL (not in C99) The given base contains an unsupported value.
ERANGE The resulting value was out of range.
The implementation may also set errno to EINVAL in case no conversion
was performed (no digits seen, and 0 returned).
CONFORMING TO
strtoul() conforms to SVr4, C89, C99 and POSIX-2001, and strtoull() to
C99 and POSIX.1-2001.
NOTES
Since strtoul() can legitimately return 0 or LONG_MAX (LLONG_MAX for
strtoull()) on both success and failure, the calling program should set
errno to 0 before the call, and then determine if an error occurred by
checking whether errno has a nonzero value after the call.
In locales other than the "C" locale, other strings may be accepted.
(For example, the thousands separator of the current locale may be
supported.)
BSD also has
u_quad_t strtouq(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);
with completely analogous definition. Depending on the wordsize of the
current architecture, this may be equivalent to strtoull() or to
strtoul().
Negative values are considered valid input and are silently converted
to the equivalent unsigned long int value.
EXAMPLE
See the example on the strtol(3) manual page; the use of the functions
described in this manual page is similar.
SEE ALSO
atof(3), atoi(3), atol(3), strtod(3), strtol(3)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.24 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.