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NAME

       pj_init - initialize cartographic projection
       pj_init_plus - initialize cartographic projection
       pj_fwd - forward cartographic projection
       pj_inv - inverse cartographic projection
       pj_transform - transform between coordinate systems
       pj_free - de-initialize projection

SYNOPSIS

       #include <proj_api.h>

       projPJ pj_init(int argc, char **argv)

       projPJ pj_init_plus(const char *defn)

       projUV pj_fwd(projUV val, projPJ proj)

       projUV pj_inv(projUV val, projPJ proj)

       int pj_transform(projPJ src_cs, projPJ dst_cs, long point_count,
                        int point_offset, double *x, double *y, double *z)

       void pj_free(projPJ proj)

DESCRIPTION

       Procedure  pj_init  selects  and  initializes a cartographic projection
       with its argument control parameters.  Argc is the number  of  elements
       in  the  array  of  control  strings  argv that each contain individual
       cartographic control keyword assignments (+ proj arguments).  The  list
       must  contain  at  least  the  proj=projection  and  Earth’s  radius or
       elliptical parameters.  If the  initialization  of  the  projection  is
       successful a valid address is returned otherwise a NULL value.

       The  pj_init_plus  function  operates  similarly to pj_init but takes a
       single string containing the definition, with each  parameter  prefixed
       with a plus sign.  For example "+proj=utm +zone=11 +ellps=WGS84".

       Once  initialization is performed either forward or inverse projections
       can be performed with  the  returned  value  of  pj_init  used  as  the
       argument  proj.   The  argument structure projUV values u and v contain
       respective longitude and latitude or x and y.  Latitude  and  longitude
       are  in  radians.   If  a  projection operation fails, both elements of
       projUV are set to HUGE_VAL (defined in math.h).

       Note: all projections have a forward mode, but  some  do  not  have  an
       inverse  projection.   If  the  projection does not have an inverse the
       projPJ structure element inv will be NULL.

       The pj_transform function may be used to transform points  between  the
       two  provided  coordinate  systems.   In addition to converting between
       cartographic projection coordinates and  geographic  coordinates,  this
       function also takes care of datum shifts if possible between the source
       and destination coordinate system.  Unlike pj_fwd and pj_inv it is also
       allowable for the coordinate system definitions (PJ *) to be geographic
       coordinate systems (defined as +proj=latlong).  The x, y and  z  arrays
       contain  the  input  values  of  the  points, and are replaced with the
       output values.  The point_offset should indicate  the  spacing  the  of
       x,y,z arrays, normally 1.  The function returns zero on success, or the
       error number (also in pj_errno) on failure.

       Memory associated with the projection may be freed with pj_free.

EXAMPLE

       The following program reads latitude and longitude  values  in  decimal
       degrees,  performs Mercator projection with a Clarke 1866 ellipsoid and
       a 33° latitude of true scale and prints the projected cartesian  values
       in meters:

       #include <proj_api.h>

       main(int argc, char **argv) {
            char *args[] = { "proj=merc", "ellps=clrk66", "lat_ts=33" };
            projUV p;
            projPJ pj;

            if (!(pj = pj_init(3, args)))
               exit(1);
            while (scanf("%lf %lf", &p.v, &p.u) == 2) {
               p.u *= DEG_TO_RAD;
               p.v *= DEG_TO_RAD;
               p = pj_fwd(p, pj);
               printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", p.u, p.v);
            }
            exit(0);
       }

LIBRARY

       libproj.a - library of projections and support procedures

SEE ALSO

       http://proj.osgeo.org/ProjAPI, proj(1U),
       Cartographic  Projection  Procedures  for the UNIX EnvironmentA Users
       Manual, (Evenden, 1990, Open-file report 90-284).

HOME PAGE

       http://proj.osgeo.org

                              2001/04/05 Rel. 4.4                   PJ_INIT(3)