NAME
unix2dos - UNIX to DOS/MAC text file format converter
SYNOPSYS
unix2dos [options] [-c convmode] [-o file ...] [-n infile outfile ...]
Options:
[-fhkLlqV] [--force] [--help] [--keepdate] [--license] [--newline]
[--quiet] [--version]
DESCRIPTION
Unix2dos converts text files in UNIX format to DOS/MAC format. Binary
files and non-regular files, such as soft links, are automatically
skipped, unless conversion is forced.
Unix2dos has a few conversion modes similar to unix2dos under
SunOS/Solaris.
In DOS/Windows text files line endings exist out of a combination of
two characters: a Carriage Return (CR) followed by a Line Feed (LF).
In Unix text files line endings exists out of a single Newline
character which is equal to a DOS Line Feed (LF) character. In Mac
text files, prior to Mac OS X, line endings exist out of a single
Carriage Return character. Mac OS X is Unix based and has the same line
endings as Unix.
OPTIONS
The following options are available:
-c --convmode convmode
Set conversion mode. Where convmode is one of: ascii, 7bit, iso,
mac with ascii being the default.
-f --force
Force conversion of all files. Also binary files.
-h --help
Display online help.
-k --keepdate
Keep the date stamp of output file same as input file.
-L --license
Display software license.
-l --newline
Add additional newline. Only Unix line endings are changed to
two DOS line endings. In Mac mode Unix line endings are changed
to two Mac line endings.
-n --newfile infile outfile ...
New file mode. Convert the infile and write output to outfile.
File names must be given in pairs and wildcard names should NOT
be used or you WILL lose your files.
-o --oldfile file ...
Old file mode. Convert the file and write output to it. The
program default to run in this mode. Wildcard names may be used.
-q --quiet
Quiet mode. Suppress all warning and messages.
-V --version
Display version information.
CONVERSION MODES
Conversion modes ascii , 7bit , and iso are similar to those of
unix2dos under SunOS/Solaris.
ascii In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line
endings. DOS and Mac line endings are not changed.
Although the name of this mode is ASCII, which is a 7 bit
standard, the actual mode is 8 bit.
mac In this mode Unix line endings are converted to Mac line
endings. DOS and Mac line endigs are not changed.
7bit In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line
endings. All 8 bit non-ASCII characters (with values from 128
to 255) are converted to a space.
iso In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line
endings. Characters are converted from ISO character set
ISO-8859-1 to DOS character set (code page) CP437. ISO-8859-1
characters without CP437 equivalent, for which conversion is not
possible, are converted to a dot. CP437 is mainly used in the
USA. In Western Europe CP850 is more standard.
Another option to convert text files between different encodings
is to use unix2dos in combination with iconv(1). Iconv can
convert between a long list of character encodings. Some
examples:
Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatinUS
unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP437 > out.txt
Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatin1
unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP850 > out.txt
Convert from Unix Latin-1 to Windows WinLatin1
unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP1252 > out.txt
Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows WinLatin1
unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t CP1252 in.txt > out.txt
Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows UTF-16 (Unicode)
unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 > out.txt
See also <http://czyborra.com/charsets/codepages.html>
and <http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso88.html>.
UNICODE
Unicode files can be encoded in different encodings. On Unix/Linux
Unicode files are mostly encoded in UTF-8 encoding. UTF-8 is ASCII
compatible. UTF-8 files can be in DOS, Unix or Mac format. It is safe
to run dos2unix/unix2dos on UTF-8 encoded files. On Windows mostly
UTF-16 encoding is used for Unicode files. Dos2unix/unix2dos should not
be run on UTF-16 files. UTF-16 files are automatically skipped, because
it are binary files.
EXAMPLES
Get input from stdin and write output to stdout.
unix2dos
Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.
unix2dos a.txt b.txt
unix2dos -o a.txt b.txt
Convert and replace a.txt in ascii conversion mode. Convert and
replace b.txt in 7bit conversion mode.
unix2dos a.txt -c 7bit b.txt
unix2dos -c ascii a.txt -c 7bit b.txt
Convert a.txt from Unix to Mac format.
dos2unix -c mac a.txt
unix2mac a.txt
Convert and replace a.txt while keeping original date stamp.
unix2dos -k a.txt
unix2dos -k -o a.txt
Convert a.txt and write to e.txt.
unix2dos -n a.txt e.txt
Convert a.txt and write to e.txt, keep date stamp of e.txt same as
a.txt.
unix2dos -k -n a.txt e.txt
Convert and replace a.txt. Convert b.txt and write to e.txt.
unix2dos a.txt -n b.txt e.txt
unix2dos -o a.txt -n b.txt e.txt
Convert c.txt and write to e.txt. Convert and replace a.txt. Convert
and replace b.txt. Convert d.txt and write to f.txt.
unix2dos -n c.txt e.txt -o a.txt b.txt -n d.txt f.txt
AUTHORS
Benjamin Lin - <blin@socs.uts.edu.au>
Erwin Waterlander - <waterlan@xs4all.nl>
Project page: http://www.xs4all.nl/~waterlan/dos2unix.html
SourceForge page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/dos2unix/
Freshmeat: http://freshmeat.net/projects/dos2unix
SEE ALSO
dos2unix(1) unix2mac(1) iconv(1)