NAME
tshark - Dump and analyze network traffic
SYNOPSIS
tshark [ -a <capture autostop condition> ] ...
[ -b <capture ring buffer option>] ...
[ -B <capture buffer size (Win32 only)> ]
[ -c <capture packet count> ] [ -C <configuration profile> ]
[ -d <layer type>==<selector>,<decode-as protocol> ] [ -D ]
[ -e <field> ] [ -E <field print option> ] [ -f <capture filter> ]
[ -F <file format> ] [ -h ] [ -i <capture interface>|- ]
[ -K <keytab> ] [ -l ] [ -L ] [ -n ] [ -N <name resolving flags> ]
[ -o <preference setting> ] ... [ -p ] [ -q ] [ -r <infile> ]
[ -R <read (display) filter> ] [ -s <capture snaplen> ] [ -S ]
[ -t ad|a|r|d|dd|e ] [ -T pdml|psml|ps|text|fields ] [ -v ] [ -V ]
[ -w <outfile>|- ] [ -x ] [ -X <eXtension option>]
[ -y <capture link type> ] [ -z <statistics> ] [ <capture filter> ]
DESCRIPTION
TShark is a network protocol analyzer. It lets you capture packet data
from a live network, or read packets from a previously saved capture
file, either printing a decoded form of those packets to the standard
output or writing the packets to a file. TShark's native capture file
format is libpcap format, which is also the format used by tcpdump and
various other tools.
Without any options set, TShark will work much like tcpdump. It will
use the pcap library to capture traffic from the first available
network interface and displays a summary line on stdout for each
received packet.
TShark is able to detect, read and write the same capture files that
are supported by Wireshark. The input file doesn't need a specific
filename extension; the file format and an optional gzip compression
will be automatically detected. Near the beginning of the DESCRIPTION
section of wireshark(1) or
<http://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages/wireshark.html> is a detailed
description of the way Wireshark handles this, which is the same way
Tshark handles this.
Compressed file support uses (and therefore requires) the zlib library.
If the zlib library is not present, TShark will compile, but will be
unable to read compressed files.
If the -w option is not specified, TShark writes to the standard output
the text of a decoded form of the packets it captures or reads. If the
-w option is specified, TShark writes to the file specified by that
option the raw data of the packets, along with the packets' time
stamps.
When writing a decoded form of packets, TShark writes, by default, a
summary line containing the fields specified by the preferences file
(which are also the fields displayed in the packet list pane in
Wireshark), although if it's writing packets as it captures them,
rather than writing packets from a saved capture file, it won't show
the "frame number" field. If the -V option is specified, it writes
instead a view of the details of the packet, showing all the fields of
all protocols in the packet.
If you want to write the decoded form of packets to a file, run TShark
without the -w option, and redirect its standard output to the file (do
not use the -w option).
When writing packets to a file, TShark, by default, writes the file in
libpcap format, and writes all of the packets it sees to the output
file. The -F option can be used to specify the format in which to
write the file. This list of available file formats is displayed by the
-F flag without a value. However, you can't specify a file format for a
live capture.
Read filters in TShark, which allow you to select which packets are to
be decoded or written to a file, are very powerful; more fields are
filterable in TShark than in other protocol analyzers, and the syntax
you can use to create your filters is richer. As TShark progresses,
expect more and more protocol fields to be allowed in read filters.
Packet capturing is performed with the pcap library. The capture
filter syntax follows the rules of the pcap library. This syntax is
different from the read filter syntax. A read filter can also be
specified when capturing, and only packets that pass the read filter
will be displayed or saved to the output file; note, however, that
capture filters are much more efficient than read filters, and it may
be more difficult for TShark to keep up with a busy network if a read
filter is specified for a live capture.
A capture or read filter can either be specified with the -f or -R
option, respectively, in which case the entire filter expression must
be specified as a single argument (which means that if it contains
spaces, it must be quoted), or can be specified with command-line
arguments after the option arguments, in which case all the arguments
after the filter arguments are treated as a filter expression. Capture
filters are supported only when doing a live capture; read filters are
supported when doing a live capture and when reading a capture file,
but require TShark to do more work when filtering, so you might be more
likely to lose packets under heavy load if you're using a read filter.
If the filter is specified with command-line arguments after the option
arguments, it's a capture filter if a capture is being done (i.e., if
no -r option was specified) and a read filter if a capture file is
being read (i.e., if a -r option was specified).
OPTIONS
-a <capture autostop condition>
Specify a criterion that specifies when TShark is to stop writing
to a capture file. The criterion is of the form test:value, where
test is one of:
duration:value Stop writing to a capture file after value seconds
have elapsed.
filesize:value Stop writing to a capture file after it reaches a
size of value kilobytes (where a kilobyte is 1024 bytes). If this
option is used together with the -b option, TShark will stop
writing to the current capture file and switch to the next one if
filesize is reached. When reading a capture file, TShark will stop
reading the file after the number of bytes read exceeds this number
(the complete packet will be read, so more bytes than this number
may be read).
files:value Stop writing to capture files after value number of
files were written.
-b <capture ring buffer option>
Cause TShark to run in "multiple files" mode. In "multiple files"
mode, TShark will write to several capture files. When the first
capture file fills up, TShark will switch writing to the next file
and so on.
The created filenames are based on the filename given with the -w
option, the number of the file and on the creation date and time,
e.g. outfile_00001_20050604120117.pcap,
outfile_00001_20050604120523.pcap, ...
With the files option it's also possible to form a "ring buffer".
This will fill up new files until the number of files specified, at
which point TShark will discard the data in the first file and
start writing to that file and so on. If the files option is not
set, new files filled up until one of the capture stop conditions
match (or until the disk if full).
The criterion is of the form key:value, where key is one of:
duration:value switch to the next file after value seconds have
elapsed, even if the current file is not completely filled up.
filesize:value switch to the next file after it reaches a size of
value kilobytes (where a kilobyte is 1024 bytes).
files:value begin again with the first file after value number of
files were written (form a ring buffer).
-B <capture buffer size (Win32 only)>
Win32 only: set capture buffer size (in MB, default is 1MB). This
is used by the the capture driver to buffer packet data until that
data can be written to disk. If you encounter packet drops while
capturing, try to increase this size.
-c <capture packet count>
Set the maximum number of packets to read when capturing live data.
If reading a capture file, set the maximum number of packets to
read.
-C <configuration profile>
Run with the given configuration profile.
-d <layer type>==<selector>,<decode-as protocol>
Like Wireshark's Decode As... feature, this lets you specify how a
layer type should be dissected. If the layer type in question (for
example, tcp.port or udp.port for a TCP or UDP port number) has the
specified selector value, packets should be dissected as the
specified protocol.
Example: -d tcp.port==8888,http will decode any traffic running
over TCP port 8888 as HTTP.
Using an invalid selector or protocol will print out a list of
valid selectors and protocol names, respectively.
Example: -d . is a quick way to get a list of valid selectors.
Example: -d ethertype==0x0800. is a quick way to get a list of
protocols that can be selected with an ethertype.
-D Print a list of the interfaces on which TShark can capture, and
exit. For each network interface, a number and an interface name,
possibly followed by a text description of the interface, is
printed. The interface name or the number can be supplied to the
-i option to specify an interface on which to capture.
This can be useful on systems that don't have a command to list
them (e.g., Windows systems, or UNIX systems lacking ifconfig -a);
the number can be useful on Windows 2000 and later systems, where
the interface name is a somewhat complex string.
Note that "can capture" means that TShark was able to open that
device to do a live capture. Depending on your system you may need
to run tshark from an account with special privileges (for example,
as root) to be able to capture network traffic. If TShark -D is
not run from such an account, it will not list any interfaces.
-e <field>
Add a field to the list of fields to display if -T fields is
selected. This option can be used multiple times on the command
line. At least one field must be provided if the -T fields option
is selected.
Example: -e frame.number -e ip.addr -e udp
Giving a protocol rather than a single field will print multiple
items of data about the protocol as a single field. Fields are
separated by tab characters by default. -E controls the format of
the printed fields.
-E <field print option>
Set an option controlling the printing of fields when -T fields is
selected.
Options are:
header=y|n If y, print a list of the field names given using -e as
the first line of the output; the field name will be separated
using the same character as the field values. Defaults to n.
separator=/t|/s|<character> Set the separator character to use for
fields. If /t tab will be used (this is the default), if /s, s
single space will be used. Otherwise any character that can be
accepted by the command line as part of the option may be used.
quote=d|s|n Set the quote character to use to surround fields. d
uses double-quotes, s single-quotes, n no quotes (the default).
-f <capture filter>
Set the capture filter expression.
-F <file format>
Set the file format of the output capture file written using the -w
option. The output written with the -w option is raw packet data,
not text, so there is no -F option to request text output. The
option -F without a value will list the available formats.
-h Print the version and options and exits.
-i <capture interface>|-
Set the name of the network interface or pipe to use for live
packet capture.
Network interface names should match one of the names listed in
"tshark -D" (described above); a number, as reported by "tshark
-D", can also be used. If you're using UNIX, "netstat -i" or
"ifconfig -a" might also work to list interface names, although not
all versions of UNIX support the -a option to ifconfig.
If no interface is specified, TShark searches the list of
interfaces, choosing the first non-loopback interface if there are
any non-loopback interfaces, and choosing the first loopback
interface if there are no non-loopback interfaces. If there are no
interfaces at all, TShark reports an error and doesn't start the
capture.
Pipe names should be either the name of a FIFO (named pipe) or
``-'' to read data from the standard input. Data read from pipes
must be in standard libpcap format.
Note: the Win32 version of TShark doesn't support capturing from
pipes!
-K <keytab>
Load kerberos crypto keys from the specified keytab file. This
option can be used multiple times to load keys from several files.
Example: -K krb5.keytab
-l Flush the standard output after the information for each packet is
printed. (This is not, strictly speaking, line-buffered if -V was
specified; however, it is the same as line-buffered if -V wasn't
specified, as only one line is printed for each packet, and, as -l
is normally used when piping a live capture to a program or script,
so that output for a packet shows up as soon as the packet is seen
and dissected, it should work just as well as true line-buffering.
We do this as a workaround for a deficiency in the Microsoft Visual
C++ C library.)
This may be useful when piping the output of TShark to another
program, as it means that the program to which the output is piped
will see the dissected data for a packet as soon as TShark sees the
packet and generates that output, rather than seeing it only when
the standard output buffer containing that data fills up.
-L List the data link types supported by the interface and exit. The
reported link types can be used for the -y option.
-n Disable network object name resolution (such as hostname, TCP and
UDP port names), the -N flag might override this one.
-N <name resolving flags>
Turn on name resolving only for particular types of addresses and
port numbers, with name resolving for other types of addresses and
port numbers turned off. This flag overrides -n if both -N and -n
are present. If both -N and -n flags are not present, all name
resolutions are turned on.
The argument is a string that may contain the letters:
m to enable MAC address resolution
n to enable network address resolution
t to enable transport-layer port number resolution
C to enable concurrent (asynchronous) DNS lookups
-o <preference>:<value>
Set a preference value, overriding the default value and any value
read from a preference file. The argument to the option is a
string of the form prefname:value, where prefname is the name of
the preference (which is the same name that would appear in the
preference file), and value is the value to which it should be set.
-p Don't put the interface into promiscuous mode. Note that the
interface might be in promiscuous mode for some other reason;
hence, -p cannot be used to ensure that the only traffic that is
captured is traffic sent to or from the machine on which TShark is
running, broadcast traffic, and multicast traffic to addresses
received by that machine.
-q When capturing packets, don't display the continuous count of
packets captured that is normally shown when saving a capture to a
file; instead, just display, at the end of the capture, a count of
packets captured. On systems that support the SIGINFO signal, such
as various BSDs, you can cause the current count to be displayed by
typing your "status" character (typically control-T, although it
might be set to "disabled" by default on at least some BSDs, so
you'd have to explicitly set it to use it).
When reading a capture file, or when capturing and not saving to a
file, don't print packet information; this is useful if you're
using a -z option to calculate statistics and don't want the packet
information printed, just the statistics.
-r <infile>
Read packet data from infile, can be any supported capture file
format (including gzipped files). It's not possible to use named
pipes or stdin here!
-R <read (display) filter>
Cause the specified filter (which uses the syntax of read/display
filters, rather than that of capture filters) to be applied before
printing a decoded form of packets or writing packets to a file;
packets not matching the filter are discarded rather than being
printed or written.
-s <capture snaplen>
Set the default snapshot length to use when capturing live data.
No more than snaplen bytes of each network packet will be read into
memory, or saved to disk. A value of 0 specifies a snapshot length
of 65535, so that the full packet is captured; this is the default.
-S Decode and display packets even while writing raw packet data using
the -w option.
-t ad|a|r|d|dd|e
Set the format of the packet timestamp printed in summary lines.
The format can be one of:
ad absolute with date: The absolute date and time is the actual
time and date the packet was captured
a absolute: The absolute time is the actual time the packet was
captured, with no date displayed
r relative: The relative time is the time elapsed between the first
packet and the current packet
d delta: The delta time is the time since the previous packet was
captured
dd delta_displayed: The delta_displayed time is the time since the
previous displayed packet was captured
e epoch: The time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1, 1970 00:00:00)
The default format is relative.
-T pdml|psml|ps|text|fields
Set the format of the output when viewing decoded packet data. The
options are one of:
pdml Packet Details Markup Language, an XML-based format for the
details of a decoded packet. This information is equivalent to the
packet details printed with the -V flag.
psml Packet Summary Markup Language, an XML-based format for the
summary information of a decoded packet. This information is
equivalent to the information shown in the one-line summary printed
by default.
ps PostScript for a human-readable one-line summary of each of the
packets, or a multi-line view of the details of each of the
packets, depending on whether the -V flag was specified.
text Text of a human-readable one-line summary of each of the
packets, or a multi-line view of the details of each of the
packets, depending on whether the -V flag was specified. This is
the default.
fields The values of fields specified with the -e option, in a form
specified by the -E option.
-v Print the version and exit.
-V Cause TShark to print a view of the packet details rather than a
one-line summary of the packet.
-w <outfile>|-
Write raw packet data to outfile or to the standard output if
outfile is '-'.
NOTE: -w provides raw packet data, not text. If you want text
output you need to redirect stdout (e.g. using '>'), don't use the
-w option for this.
-x Cause TShark to print a hex and ASCII dump of the packet data after
printing the summary or details.
-X <eXtension options>
Specify an option to be passed to a TShark module. The eXtension
option is in the form extension_key:value, where extension_key can
be:
lua_script:lua_script_filename tells Wireshark to load the given
script in addition to the default Lua scripts.
-y <capture link type>
Set the data link type to use while capturing packets. The values
reported by -L are the values that can be used.
-z <statistics>
Get TShark to collect various types of statistics and display the
result after finishing reading the capture file. Use the -q flag
if you're reading a capture file and only want the statistics
printed, not any per-packet information.
Note that the -z proto option is different - it doesn't cause
statistics to be gathered and printed when the capture is complete,
it modifies the regular packet summary output to include the values
of fields specified with the option. Therefore you must not use
the -q option, as that option would suppress the printing of the
regular packet summary output, and must also not use the -V option,
as that would cause packet detail information rather than packet
summary information to be printed.
Currently implemented statistics are:
-z dcerpc,rtt,uuid,major.minor[,filter]
Collect call/reply RTT data for DCERPC interface uuid, version
major.minor. Data collected is number of calls for each procedure,
MinRTT, MaxRTT and AvgRTT. Example: use -z
dcerpc,rtt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0 to collect data
for CIFS SAMR Interface. This option can be used multiple times on
the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
dcerpc,rtt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0,ip.addr==1.2.3.4
to collect SAMR RTT statistics for a specific host.
-z io,phs[,filter]
Create Protocol Hierarchy Statistics listing both number of packets
and bytes. If no filter is specified the statistics will be
calculated for all packets. If a filters is specified statistics
will be only calculated for those packets that match the filter.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z io,stat,interval[,filter][,filter][,filter]...
Collect packet/bytes statistics for the capture in intervals of
interval seconds. Intervals can be specified either as whole or
fractional seconds. Interval can be specified in ms resolution.
If Interval is 0, the statistics will be calculated over all
packets.
If no filter is specified the statistics will be calculated for all
packets. If one or more filters are specified statistics will be
calculated for all filters and presented with one column of
statistics for each filter.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z io,stat,1,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 to generate 1 second
statistics for all traffic to/from host 1.2.3.4.
Example: -z "io,stat,0.001,smb&&ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to generate 1ms
statistics for all SMB packets to/from host 1.2.3.4.
The examples above all use the standard syntax for generating
statistics which only calculates the number of packets and bytes in
each interval.
io,stat can also do much more statistics and calculate COUNT(),
SUM(), MIN(), MAX(), and AVG() using a slightly different filter
syntax:
[COUNT|SUM|MIN|MAX|AVG](<field>)<filter>
NOTE: One important thing to note here is that the field that the
calculation is based on MUST also be part of the filter string or
else the calculation will fail.
So: -z io,stat,0.010,AVG(smb.time) does not work. Use -z
io,stat,0.010,AVG(smb.time)smb.time instead. Also be aware that a
field can exist multiple times inside the same packet and will then
be counted multiple times in those packets.
NOTE: A second important thing to note is that the system setting
for decimal separator is set to "."! If it is set to "," the
statistics will not be displayed per filter.
COUNT(<field>) can be used on any type which has a display filter
name. It will count how many times this particular field is
encountered in the filtered packet list.
Example: -z io,stat,0.010,COUNT(smb.sid)smb.sid This will count the
total number of SIDs seen in each 10ms interval.
SUM(<field>) can only be used on named fields of integer type.
This will sum together every occurence of this fields value for
each interval.
Example: -z io,stat,0.010,SUM(frame.pkt_len)frame.pkt_len This will
report the total number of bytes seen in all the packets within an
interval.
MIN/MAX/AVG(<field>) can only be used on named fields that are
either integers or relative time fields. This will calculate
maximum/minimum or average seen in each interval. If the field is
a relative time field the output will be presented in seconds and
three digits after the decimal point. The resolution for time
calculations is 1ms and anything smaller will be truncated.
Example: -z
"io,stat,0.010,smb.time&&ip.addr==1.1.1.1,MIN(smb.time)smb.time&&ip.addr==1.1.1.1,MAX(smb.time)smb.time&&ip.addr==1.1.1.1,MAX(smb.time)smb.time&&ip.addr==1.1.1.1"
This will calculate statistics for all smb response times we see
to/from host 1.1.1.1 in 10ms intervals. The output will be
displayed in 4 columns; number of packets/bytes, minimum response
time, maximum response time and average response time.
-z conv,type[,filter]
Create a table that lists all conversations that could be seen in
the capture. type specifies which type of conversation we want to
generate the statistics for; currently the supported ones are
"eth" Ethernet
"fc" Fibre Channel
"fddi" FDDI
"ip" IP addresses
"ipx" IPX addresses
"tcp" TCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"tr" Token Ring
"udp" UDP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
If the optional filter string is specified, only those packets that
match the filter will be used in the calculations.
The table is presented with one line for each conversation and
displays number of packets/bytes in each direction as well as total
number of packets/bytes. The table is sorted according to total
number of bytes.
-z proto,colinfo,filter,field
Append all field values for the packet to the Info column of the
one-line summary output. This feature can be used to append
arbitrary fields to the Info column in addition to the normal
content of that column. field is the display-filter name of a
field which value should be placed in the Info column. filter is a
filter string that controls for which packets the field value will
be presented in the info column. field will only be presented in
the Info column for the packets which match filter.
NOTE: In order for TShark to be able to extract the field value
from the packet, field MUST be part of the filter string. If not,
TShark will not be able to extract its value.
For a simple example to add the "nfs.fh.hash" field to the Info
column for all packets containing the "nfs.fh.hash" field, use
-z proto,colinfo,nfs.fh.hash,nfs.fh.hash
To put "nfs.fh.hash" in the Info column but only for packets coming
from host 1.2.3.4 use:
-z "proto,colinfo,nfs.fh.hash && ip.src==1.2.3.4,nfs.fh.hash"
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z rpc,rtt,program,version[,filter]
Collect call/reply RTT data for program/version. Data collected is
number of calls for each procedure, MinRTT, MaxRTT and AvgRTT.
Example: use -z rpc,rtt,100003,3 to collect data for NFS v3. This
option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
rpc,rtt,100003,3,nfs.fh.hash==0x12345678 to collect NFS v3 RTT
statistics for a specific file.
-z rpc,programs
Collect call/reply RTT data for all known ONC-RPC
programs/versions. Data collected is number of calls for each
protocol/version, MinRTT, MaxRTT and AvgRTT. This option can only
be used once on the command line.
-z rtp,streams
Collect statistics for all RTP streams and calculate max. delta,
max. and mean jitter and packet loss percentages.
-z smb,rtt[,filter]
Collect call/reply RTT data for SMB. Data collected is number of
calls for each SMB command, MinRTT, MaxRTT and AvgRTT. Example:
use -z smb,rtt. The data will be presented as separate tables for
all normal SMB commands, all Transaction2 commands and all NT
Transaction commands. Only those commands that are seen in the
capture will have its stats displayed. Only the first command in a
xAndX command chain will be used in the calculation. So for common
SessionSetupAndX + TreeConnectAndX chains, only the
SessionSetupAndX call will be used in the statistics. This is a
flaw that might be fixed in the future.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"smb,rtt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for SMB packets
echanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z smb,sids
When this feature is used TShark will print a report with all the
discovered SID and account name mappings. Only those SIDs where
the account name is known will be presented in the table.
For this feature to work you will need to either to enable
"Edit/Preferences/Protocols/SMB/Snoop SID to name mappings" in the
preferences or you can override the preferences by specifying -o
"smb.sid_name_snooping:TRUE" on the TShark command line.
The current methods used by TShark to find the SID->name mapping is
relatively restricted but is hoped to be expanded in the future.
-z mgcp,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for MGCP.
This is similar to -z smb,rtt). Data collected is number of calls
for each known MGCP Type, MinRTD, MaxRTD and AvgRTD. Additionally
you get the number of duplicate requests/responses, unresponded
requests, responses ,which don't match with any request. Example:
use -z mgcp,rtd.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"mgcp,rtd,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for MGCP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z megaco,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for
MEGACO. This is similar to -z smb,rtt). Data collected is number
of calls for each known MEGACO Type, MinRTD, MaxRTD and AvgRTD.
Additionally you get the number of duplicate requests/responses,
unresponded requests, responses ,which don't match with any
request. Example: use -z megaco,rtd.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"megaco,rtd,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for MEGACO
packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z h225,counter[,filter]
Count ITU-T H.225 messages and their reasons. In the first column
you get a list of H.225 messages and H.225 message reasons, which
occur in the current capture file. The number of occurences of each
message or reason is displayed in the second column.
Example: use -z h225,counter.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"h225,counter,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for H.225
packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z h225,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for ITU-
T H.225 RAS. Data collected is number of calls of each ITU-T H.225
RAS Message Type, Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT, Average SRT, Minimum in
Frame, and Maximum in Frame. You will also get the number of Open
Requests (Unresponded Requests), Discarded Responses (Responses
without matching request) and Duplicate Messages. Example: use -z
h225,srt.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filterstring is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"h225,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for ITU-T H.225
RAS packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z sip,stat[,filter]
This option will activate a counter for SIP messages. You will get
the number of occurences of each SIP Method and of each SIP Status-
Code. Additionally you also get the number of resent SIP Messages
(only for SIP over UDP).
Example: use -z sip,stat.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
If the optional filter string is provided, the stats will only be
calculated on those calls that match that filter. Example: use -z
"sip,stat,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for SIP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
CAPTURE FILTER SYNTAX
See the manual page of pcap-filter(4) or, if that doesn't exist,
tcpdump(8).
READ FILTER SYNTAX
For a complete table of protocol and protocol fields that are
filterable in TShark see the wireshark-filter(4) manual page.
FILES
These files contains various Wireshark configuration values.
Preferences
The preferences files contain global (system-wide) and personal
preference settings. If the system-wide preference file exists, it
is read first, overriding the default settings. If the personal
preferences file exists, it is read next, overriding any previous
values. Note: If the command line option -o is used (possibly more
than once), it will in turn override values from the preferences
files.
The preferences settings are in the form prefname:value, one per
line, where prefname is the name of the preference and value is the
value to which it should be set; white space is allowed between :
and value. A preference setting can be continued on subsequent
lines by indenting the continuation lines with white space. A #
character starts a comment that runs to the end of the line:
# Capture in promiscuous mode?
# TRUE or FALSE (case-insensitive).
capture.prom_mode: TRUE
The global preferences file is looked for in the wireshark
directory under the share subdirectory of the main installation
directory (for example, /usr/local/share/wireshark/preferences) on
UNIX-compatible systems, and in the main installation directory
(for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark\preferences) on Windows
systems.
The personal preferences file is looked for in
$HOME/.wireshark/preferences on UNIX-compatible systems and
%APPDATA%\Wireshark\preferences (or, if %APPDATA% isn't defined,
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\Wireshark\preferences) on Windows
systems.
Disabled (Enabled) Protocols
The disabled_protos files contain system-wide and personal lists of
protocols that have been disabled, so that their dissectors are
never called. The files contain protocol names, one per line,
where the protocol name is the same name that would be used in a
display filter for the protocol:
http
tcp # a comment
The global disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the
global preferences file.
The personal disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the
personal preferences file.
Name Resolution (hosts)
If the personal hosts file exists, it is used to resolve IPv4 and
IPv6 addresses before any other attempts are made to resolve them.
The file has the standard hosts file syntax; each line contains one
IP address and name, separated by whitespace. The same directory as
for the personal preferences file is used.
Name Resolution (ethers)
The ethers files are consulted to correlate 6-byte hardware
addresses to names. First the personal ethers file is tried and if
an address is not found there the global ethers file is tried next.
Each line contains one hardware address and name, separated by
whitespace. The digits of the hardware address are separated by
colons (:), dashes (-) or periods (.). The same separator
character must be used consistently in an address. The following
three lines are valid lines of an ethers file:
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Broadcast
c0-00-ff-ff-ff-ff TR_broadcast
00.00.00.00.00.00 Zero_broadcast
The global ethers file is looked for in the /etc directory on UNIX-
compatible systems, and in the main installation directory (for
example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark) on Windows systems.
The personal ethers file is looked for in the same directory as the
personal preferences file.
Name Resolution (manuf)
The manuf file is used to match the 3-byte vendor portion of a
6-byte hardware address with the manufacturer's name; it can also
contain well-known MAC addresses and address ranges specified with
a netmask. The format of the file is the same as the ethers files,
except that entries of the form:
00:00:0C Cisco
can be provided, with the 3-byte OUI and the name for a vendor, and
entries such as:
00-00-0C-07-AC/40 All-HSRP-routers
can be specified, with a MAC address and a mask indicating how many
bits of the address must match. The above entry, for example, has
40 significant bits, or 5 bytes, and would match addresses from
00-00-0C-07-AC-00 through 00-00-0C-07-AC-FF. The mask need not be a
multiple of 8.
The manuf file is looked for in the same directory as the global
preferences file.
Name Resolution (ipxnets)
The ipxnets files are used to correlate 4-byte IPX network numbers
to names. First the global ipxnets file is tried and if that
address is not found there the personal one is tried next.
The format is the same as the ethers file, except that each address
is four bytes instead of six. Additionally, the address can be
represented as a single hexadecimal number, as is more common in
the IPX world, rather than four hex octets. For example, these
four lines are valid lines of an ipxnets file:
C0.A8.2C.00 HR
c0-a8-1c-00 CEO
00:00:BE:EF IT_Server1
110f FileServer3
The global ipxnets file is looked for in the /etc directory on
UNIX-compatible systems, and in the main installation directory
(for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark) on Windows systems.
The personal ipxnets file is looked for in the same directory as
the personal preferences file.
SEE ALSO
wireshark-filter(4), wireshark(1), editcap(1), pcap-filter(4),
tcpdump(8), pcap(3), dumpcap(1), text2pcap(1)
NOTES
TShark is part of the Wireshark distribution. The latest version of
Wireshark can be found at <http://www.wireshark.org>.
HTML versions of the Wireshark project man pages are available at:
<http://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages>.
AUTHORS
TShark uses the same packet dissection code that Wireshark does, as
well as using many other modules from Wireshark; see the list of
authors in the Wireshark man page for a list of authors of that code.