Name
dpkg-cross - manage libraries for cross compiling
Copyright and Licence
Copyright (C) 1997-2000 Roman Hodek <roman@hodek.net>
Copyright (C) 2000-2002 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
Copyright (C) 2002-2004 David Schleef <ds@schleef.org>
Copyright (C) 2004 Nikita Youshchenko <yoush@cs.msu.su>
Copyright (C) 2004 Raphael Bossek <bossekr@debian.org>
Copyright (c) 2007-2008 Neil Williams <codehelp@debian.org>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
SYNOPSIS
dpkg-cross [ -v | --verbose ] [ -q | --quiet ] [ -A | --convert-anyway ]
[ -X | --exclude PACKAGE ] [ -k | --keep-temp ] { -i | --install
| -b | --build | -r | --remove | --purge | -s | --status | -l | --list
| -L | --list-files | -u | --update | -Q | --query }
{ -a | --arch architecture} package [package ... ]
DESCRIPTION
dpkg-cross is a tool to install and manage libraries and header files
for cross compiling. dpkg-cross converts native Debian packages for the
target architecture to cross compiling support packages that can be
installed on any architecture, but in different paths to avoid
conflicts. It then calls dpkg to install the converted package. The
conversion step alone can be done with the --build option. Other
options are wrappers around corresponding dpkg functionality.
dpkg-cross is intended to make it easier for you to keep your cross
compiling libraries up-to-date, as it works directly on Debian
packages. It saves you copying the libs and headers from a machine with
your target architecture, or extracting them via dpkg-deb
--fsys-tarfile.
dpkg-cross also collects and install the .shlibs files in -dev
packages, which are needed by dpkg-shlibdeps.
dpkg-cross works in the directories defined in
/etc/dpkg-cross/cross-compile; see cross-compile(5) for more
information.
CMAKE
CMake cross-building support is experimental!
CMake requires a little support from dpkg-cross to cross-build. The
included cmake support file is an example for Linux kernels. Use:
rm CMakeCache.txt
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/etc/dpkg-cross/cmake/CMakeCross.txt
The main changes involve setting PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR within CMake an
setting the include directories to locate the cross libraries installed
by dpkg-cross e.g.
#Make pkg-config look in the right place
SET(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR} ${CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH}/lib/pkgconfig/)
ELSE (CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
Packages using cmake may need some tweaks to debian/rules, e.g.
ifneq ($(DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE),$(DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE))
export CC=$(DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)-gcc
export CXX=$(DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)-g++
export CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/etc/dpkg-cross/cmake/CMakeCross.txt
else
export CC=gcc
export CXX=g++
endif
OPTIONS
dpkg-cross follows the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options
starting with two dashes ('-').
-h|--help
Show summary of options.
-v|--verbose
Be more verbose.
-q|--quiet
Be more quiet.
-a|--arch architecture
Install for architecture architecture.
-i|--install
Install Debian packages (.deb) named on the command line. Only files in
the directories /lib, /usr/lib, /usr/X11R6/lib, /usr/include and
/usr/X11R6/include are extracted, since only they can be relevant for
cross compiling. In the lib directories, also no subdirectories are
extracted.
-A|--convert-anyway
Convert Debian package even if it does not provide any files useful for
cross-compile environment.
-X|--exclude PACKAGE
Removes the specified package from the dependencies of the current
package. Typically used to drop dependencies on packages that are not
required within a cross-build environment, e.g. packages containing
only executables or architecture independent files.
dpkg-cross can only check the current package and information about a
dependency is not available (for that, use apt-cross). By default,
dpkg-cross converts all dependencies to specify the cross version of
the dependency package.
If you know that a particular dependency should not be converted (it
provides no useful files or is architecture independent), that
dependency can be excluded and dpkg-cross will remove that package from
the dependency information of the cross package. -X has replaced the
use of keepdeps and removedeps in /etc/dpkg-cross/cross-compile.
-X|--exclude PACKAGE needs to be repeated for each package to be
excluded.
-k|--keep-temp
Keep the built and installed package instead of deleting it. Useful
with apt-cross -k. Requires --install.
-b|--build
Just build the converted Debian package, but do not install it with
dpkg.
-r|--remove
Remove the cross compiling packages named on the command line.
-s|--status
Print status of the named packages.
-l|--list
Print short version of status of named packages or package name
patterns.
-L|--list-files
List files belonging to the named packages.
-u|--update
Update current cross-installation with Debian packages found in/under
the paths given as arguments. Will check all packages there if they are
installed already as cross-compiling packages and if they are really
updates. Those packages will be installed as with -i.
-Q|--query
Much like --update, but just prints available update packages and does
not install them.
FILES
/etc/dpkg-cross/cross-compile defines some settings for dpkg-cross and
can be overridden by an optional file in your home directory:
$HOME/.dpkg-cross/cross-compile - see also apt-cross.
Only default_arch is used routinely.
default_arch (default: none)
The default architecture for dpkg-cross is normally set by debconf. To
change the system-wide value, use:
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure dpkg-cross
Alternatively, the default can be overridden on a per-user basis using
the optional file in $HOME/.dpkg-cross/
Other values previously used in this file for legacy code are now
unsupported.
Multiarch behaviour
Files
/etc/dpkg-cross/multiarch-cross.d/
Any file in this directory will be expected to contain a simple list of
binary package names which are multiarch-compliant for all uses of
dpkg-cross on that system.
apt-cross includes a helper script to identify these packages
(/usr/share/apt-cross/update-multiarch.pl or you can use:
grep-aptavail -s Package -F Multi-Arch same
grep-aptavail -s Package -F Multi-Arch foreign
grep-aptavail -s Package -F Multi-Arch allowed
See:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MultiarchSpec
Constraints
o Absolute and total reliance on the accuracy of a config file
created, updated and maintained by a separate process, e.g.
update-multiarch.pl from apt-cross.
o If this package name exists in that config file, create a multiarch
version
o multiarch versions have NO files in the package of any kind.
o multiarch versions have a mangled description indicating a zombie
package
o multiarch versions depend on the multiarch native package, i.e.
libfoo-ARCH-cross depends on libfoo at or greater than the version
of libfoo that first includes multiarch support.
o multiarch versions include a new control field: X-Multiarch: delete